高考英语语法-独立主格结构及其用法

独立主栅格结构及其用法，1，1，你知道，独立主栅格结构由两部分组成。第一部分一般由名词、名词短语或代词担任，第二部分由动词的非谓语形式(动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词)、形容词、副词、名词和介词短语担任。这两部分逻辑上是主题，即第一部分是第二部分的逻辑主语。例如：thequestionsettled、theywenttohaveneirlunch。the weather (being) fine，wedecideadtogoonanouting.theteachercamein，book in hand .themanlaythere，hishandstembling。2，1，独立主结构可以在句子中闻到不同的句子成分。示例：thequestionratherdifficult，wemustspendmoretimeconsiderringitcarefully。(表示原因)这句话可以替换为： asthequestionisrtherdifficult，wemustspendmoretimeconsiderally . weatherpermitting，wewill goforanoutilingtomorrow(条件表达)这句话可以替换为：ifweatherpermits、wewill goforanoutilingtomorrow、3，1、独立的主结构可以根据每个词类的组合归纳如下：1.名词(或代词)现在分词；在这种结构中，名词(或代词)和现在分词之间有主导关系。示例：ItbeingSunday，theyhadnoclasses。本文为asitwassunday，theyhadonocusses . thebellringing，allthestudenentsenteredchecksroom。这篇文章可以替换为：assoonasthebelang，allthestudenentsenteredchecksroom . 2 .名词(或代词)过去分词；在这种结构中，名词(或代词)和过去分词是被动关系。示例：everythink into considerations，heisthemostsuitablepersonforthejob。此句可以替换为ifeverythinstakenintconsiderations。heisthemostsuitablepersonforthejob . herhome workdone，marydecidtoggopping。这句话可以替换为：asherhomeworkwasdone、marydecid toggosopping、4，1，3。名词(或代词)动词不定式；在这种结构中，名词(或代词)和动词不定式是主导关系，动词不定式表示未来。示例：thestudentsweeredivodintothreegroups，eachtofinishonethirdofthework。这句话可以替换为：and each(group)would finishonethirdofthework。herearethefirstthrevolumetaumes，thefourhonetocomeoutnextonth。这句话可以替换为：Herearethefirstthreevolumes，andthefourhownewillcomeoutnextonth . hesuggestedgoingforapic，marytoprovidethefood。这句话可以替换为：hesuggestedgoingforapcnicandmarywoulprodethefood。5，1，4。名词(或代词)形容词；示例：Thebabybegantocryagain，Hisfaceverypalendhislipscolorless。这句话可以替换为：thebabbegantoceryagainstwithout sfaceverypalexandhislipscolorless。theyweremakingasnoman，Handsredwithcold。这篇文章是theyweremakingasnowin theirhandsredwithncold，6，1，5 .可以用名词(或代词)介词短语代替。示例：hewashingonthelawn、hishandsundhishead。这句话可以替换为：hewashingonthelaw nwithhishandsunderhishead . so、oliverrosenfromethetableandwentuptothemaster和Bowlandspooninhand。这可以重写：so，oliverrosromthetableandwentuptothemasterwithaabowlandasphanihishand . 6 .名词(或代词)副词；例如themesingover、theywenthomeatte。此句可以替换为afterthemeetingwastever，theywenthomeatte.hisheetaddown。hewastandingatthedooroftheclassroom。这句话可以替换为：hewasteingatthedooroftheclassroomwd isheaderdown，7，1，7。名词(或代词)名词；示例：hisfirstattemptfailure，heitriedagain。您可以用ashisfirstattemptfailed，hetriedagain.hefoughparavely替换此句子。Astickhisonlyweapon。这句话可以替换为：heifoghtthronescalsbravelywitastickashilyweapon . 8 . here(或there)立即拆分语法；例如：therebeingnbus，wehadrotowalkhome。这篇文章是astherewasnobus，wehadrotowalcome . herecominganotherguest，Ihttobuyoon emorebot leopawine。这句话可以替换为：because cameanotherguest，Ihadtobuyonemorebottleofwine，8，1，9。介词with(like、without等)对象(名词或代词)对象补充语言组成的单独主要结构；在这个结构中，宾语补足语主要是现在分词、过去分词、动词不定式、形容词、副词、名词、介词短语等。现在分词表示现在状态(主动)，过去分词表示动作完成(被动)，动词不定式表示动作发生。范例：hewasotired that hefellasleewithinthelampburning . without yout ole atheway，wearesuretgethereontime . withsomanypeoplecommuntime但是，这一节的主语与订购章主语不同。子句的主语与主句主语一致的话，就只有分词了。如果子句是活动语音，则成为当前分词短语。子句是被动语态的话，就会变成过去分词。比较尝试：afterhedithework，hewen thome。=havingdonethework，hewen thome.aftertheworkwashing，hewen thome。=the work done，hewen thome。ifwater isheated，Itwill turn intolesteam。=heated，water will turn intsteam。assomanypeoplewereabsent，themeetinghadobeputofftillnexttweek。=soanypeople (being) absent，Themesinghadobeputofftillnexttweek。从第10，1，第9个结构可以看出，该结构是在句子中具有不同语法功能的介词复合宾语结构。范例：wittheboyladingtheway，wehadodifficultyinfindingmr . green s house。这句话对应于Becausetheboyledtheway。wehadodifficultyinfindingmr . green s house . withhjimtohelpmenwithout my English，icandobetterinit。这句话对应于IfJimhelpsmewithmyEnglish。icandobetterinit . helvesinaramwetswindowsfacingnorth .这句话是helvesinaroomhostewindowfacesnorth . ourschoollooksmorebofurful halltheflooksourschoollooksmoreboxecutful henalltheflowerscomeout . withralltheworkdone，hewentforaholiday。这篇文章是afterlltheworkwaste，hewentforaholiday，11，1，介词with复合宾语结构可以省略介词，省略这种结构的代词或冠词，使句子看起来简洁。示例：theteacherwentinttheclassroom、withaokinihishand。=theteacherwent