2021版高考英语一轮复习 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors导学案 新人教版选修8

unit 5meeting your ancestors阅读词汇1.excavate vt.挖掘;发掘2.mat n.席子;垫子3.quilt n.被子;棉被4.beast n.野兽5.onion n.洋葱6.skateboard n.滑板7.yogurt n.酸乳酪;酸奶8.melon n. (各种)瓜9.wrinkle n.皱纹10.spear n.矛;枪11.eyebrow n.眉毛12.arrowhead n.箭头13.hammer n.铁锤;锤子14.craftsmanship n. 技艺;手艺;精工细作15.punctuation n.标点符号识记词汇1.identify vt.确认;识别;鉴别2.alternative n.可能的选择adj.供选择的;其他的3.archaeology n.考古学(archeology)4.archaeological adj.考古学的;与考古学有关的(archeological)5.archaeologist n.考古学家(archeologist)6.starvation n.挨饿;饿死7.tentative adj.试探性的;不确定的8.accuracy n.精确;准确9.interrupt vt.& vi.打断讲话;打岔;暂时中断或中止10.acute adj.有观察力的;敏锐的;严重的;深刻的11.assume vt.假定;设想12.regardless adv.不管;不顾13.centimetre n.厘米(centimeter)14.sharpen vi.&vt.(使)锋利;尖锐;清晰15.sharpener n.磨具;削具16.kindergarten n.幼儿园17.ample adj.足够的;充足的;富裕的18.messy adj.凌乱的;脏的19.primitive adj.原始的;远古的;简陋的识记词汇20.seashell n.海贝壳21.category n.种类;类别;范畴22.botany n.植物学23.botanical adj.植物学的;与植物学有关的24.analysis n.(pl.analyses)分析25.ripen vt.& vi.使成熟;成熟26.significance n.意义;意思;重要性;重要意义27.somehow adv.以方式;不知怎么地28.systematic adj.有系统的;有计划的;有条理的29.spit vt. 吐出(唾液、食物等)vi.吐痰30.delete vt.删;删除31.album n.相册;集邮册;唱片32.scratch n.(刮、抓、划的)痕迹;搔;挠vt.搔;抓;擦伤;刮坏33.academy n.学院;学会;学术团体;院校34.receptionist n.接待员;招待员35.radioactive adj.放射性的;有辐射能的36.radioactivity n.放射性37.division n.分割;划分;分配;分界线38.pulse vi.强烈而有规律地跳动;搏动n.脉搏;节拍39.applaud vi.&vt.鼓掌欢迎;赞赏40.howl vt.&vi.嗥叫;叫喊;吼叫n.长嚎;嗥叫41.accelerate vi.&vt.加速;促进42.arrest vt.逮捕;吸引n.逮捕;拘留43.dizzy adj.头晕目眩的;眩晕的;使人发晕或困惑的44.worship vt.& vi.崇拜;敬奉n.崇拜;敬神45.skilful adj.有技巧的;熟练的(skillful)拓展词汇1.identify vt.确认;识别;鉴别identification n.辨认;鉴定identity n.身份;一致;同一性2.starvation n.挨饿;饿死starve vi.(使)挨饿;饿死3.accuracy n.精确;准确accurate adj.准确的;精确的accurately adv.准确地;精确地4.interrupt vt.& vi.打断讲话;打岔;暂时中断或中止interruption n.打断;打岔;中止5.assume vt.假定;设想assuming conj.假设assumption n.设想;假定;担任6.sharpen v.(使)锋利;尖锐;清晰;削尖sharp adj.锋利的sharpener n.磨具;削具;铅笔刀7.messy adj.凌乱的;脏的mess n.凌乱;脏8.analysis n.分析analyses (pl.)analyse vt.分析9.ripen v.使成熟;成熟ripe adj.成熟的10.significance n.意义;意思;重要性;重要意义significant adj.重要的11.systematic adj.有系统的;有计划的;有条理的system n.系统;制度12.academy n.学院;学会;学术团体;院校academic adj.学术的;理论的13.receptionist n.接待员;招待员receive v.接收reception n.接待;接收 拓展词汇14.division n.划分;分割;分配;分界线divide v.分开;分割;划分15.applaud vi.& vt.鼓掌欢迎;赞赏applause n.鼓掌16.accelerate v.加速;促进acceleration n.加速度17.skilful adj.有技巧的;熟练的skilled adj.熟练的;有技能的skill n.技能;技巧短语记忆1.regardless of不管;不顾2.cut up切碎3.fed up with受够了;饱受;厌烦4.date back (to.)追溯到;始于5.at most至多;最多6.look ahead向前看;为将来打算句型整理1.if only it could be just like last year!要是能像去年那样该有多好呀!2.abruptly she sat down,only to be scooped up by her laughing,shouting sister,luna.她突然坐了下去,结果被她又笑又嚷的妹妹鲁娜一把抱了起来。重点语法revise the verb tenses(including the present perfect continuous tense)复习动词的时态(包括现在完成进行时)1.alternative n.可能的选择adj.供选择的;其他的归纳拓展have no alternative but to do sth.别无选择只好做某事theres no alternative.别无选择an alternative to.的替代品完成句子但幸运的是,有一种替代品:玉米粉。but fortunately there is an alternative: cornflour.一句多译除了向警察举报他,我别无选择。i have no choice but to report him to the police.i cant help but report him to the police.i can do nothing but report him to the police.i have no alternative but to report him to the police. 表示“别无选择,只得”的表达方式还有:have no choice but to do; cant choose but do; cant (help) but do; can do nothing but do。 2.interrupt vt.& vi.打断讲话;打岔;暂时中断或中止归纳拓展interrupt sb.打断某人讲话或正在做的事without interruption 不间断地be interrupted by被打断单句填空does the words“get bogged down” mean “be interrupted (interrupt)”? (2018年11月浙江,阅读理解c)lets go somewhere where we can talk without interruption(interrupt).suddenly,the old ladys work was interrupted(interrupt) by the cackling of her hen.词语辨析:interrupt突然中断、打断他人的言语或行为,使其不能继续。disturb较正式用词,多用被动语态。指扰乱,使人不能平静或妨碍别人工作、思维或正常秩序,是程度较深的烦恼。用interrupt,disturb的适当形式填空it is not polite to interrupt when someone is talking.在别人讲话时插嘴是不礼貌的。he was disturbed to hear of her illness.听说了她的病情,他很焦虑。3.assume vt.假定,设想;采用,承担归纳拓展assume sb.sth. to be 假定假设某人某事为it is assumed that.被认为assuming (that).=supposing (that).假设假定make an assumption认为;假定完成句子一会儿之后,他们发现了(人和狼),他们也认为是一条狗跟在骑自行车的人后面跑。a bit later,they spotted what they,too,assumed was a dog running alongside a man on a bike.(2017年6月浙江,读后续写)假如下雨的话,我们该怎么办?assumingsupposing (that) it rains,what shall we do? 在英语中,有些看上去是动词-ing形式或动词-ed形式的词,实际上可直接用作介词或连词。例如:considering prep.& conj.“鉴于,考虑到”;including prep.“包括,包含”;supposing conj.“假设,假如”;providedproviding conj.“假设,如果”;concerning prep.“关于”;given prep.“鉴于,考虑到”等。4.somehow adv.以方式;不知怎么地,不知为什么归纳拓展anyhow 无论如何anyway 无论如何;不管怎样somewhat有点儿,有几分;颇为选词填空(somehow/anyhow/anyway/somewhat)婴儿的玩耍在某种程度上类似于科学家的实验。a babys play is somehow similar to a scientists experiment.不管怎样,你今天必须完成这项工作。anyway you must finish the work today.这价格比我预料的高了一点。the price is somewhat higher than i expected.5.significance n.意义;意思;重要性;重要意义归纳拓展the significance of.的重要性含义be of (great)significance=be (very) significant有(重大)意义(非常)重要be of no significance无意义不重要be of little significance不太重要attach great significanceimportance to (doing) sth.认为做某事有重大意义很重要单句填空as a child,adeline couldnt understand why the medal was so significant (significance).(2019年6月浙江,阅读理解a)i was dumbfounded at the significance(significant) of it.so far,research has not produced anything of very great significance.1.regardless of 不注意;不顾;不管(强调不认为某事非常重要,从而对其不理会、不重视)归纳拓展in spite of 尽管,不顾=despiteas regards=regarding=inwith regard to 关于,至于regard sb.as 把某人看作完成句子不管你选择了什么课程,你的语言能力都会迅速有效地提高。regardless of your choice of course,youll develop your language ability both quickly and effectively.but if hes out there every day and playing hard,you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses (无论他的队伍是输还是赢).(2019年6月浙江,概要写作)2.cut up 切碎;剁碎;使伤心,使难受归纳拓展cut off 切断,中断;使与外界隔绝cut down 砍倒;缩减cut through 剪断,凿穿,开辟(出路或通道)cut in (on sb.sth.)打断;打搅;插嘴用cut的相关短语填空当所有的朋友都拒绝帮助他时,他极为难过。he was really cut up when all his friends refused to help him.由于地震,电力中断。the electricity was cut off due to the earthquake.然后我问他是否削减了小鸡们的食量。then i asked him if he had cut down the amount of feed he had given the chickens.3.fed up with受够了;饱受;厌烦归纳拓展feed sth.to sb.sth.喂给feed sb.sth.on sth.用喂养feed on sth.以为食feed back反馈用feed的相关短语填空人们厌烦所有这些交通堵塞。people are fed up with all these traffic jams.你满脸不高兴的样子,怎么啦?you look fed up.whats the matter?这只鸟以什么为食?what does this bird feed on?4.date back (to.)追溯到;始于归纳拓展date from = date back to追溯到;始于up to date时髦的out of date过时的完成句子这可以追溯到她学弹钢琴的童年时期。it can date back to her childhood when she learned to play the piano.the attraction of the cloisters museum and gardens lies in the fact that its collections date from the middle ages(它的藏品可以追溯到中世纪).(2018江苏,阅读理解a)date back todate from一般无进行时态,也无被动语态。当谈论现在的某一物品时,虽然该物品生产于过去某一时间,但时态用现在时态。在句中作定语时,因为date back todate from实际表示“历史多久的状态”,所以用动词-ing形式。1.if only it could be just like last year!要是能像去年那样该有多好呀!归纳拓展if only的用法:表示与现在事实相反的愿望时,使用if only sb.+didwere sth.结构。表示与将来事实相反的愿望时,使用if only sb.couldwould dobe sth.结构。表示与过去事实相反的愿望时,使用if only sb.had donebeen sth.或if only sb.could have donebeen sth.结构。完成句子要是我有辆车,我就能离开这个地方了。if only i had a car,i could get out of this place.要是她没把手机留在t