定语从句复习（翻译练习）

定语从句Relativeclauses(1),这是花！这是一朵美丽的花。这是你昨天买的一朵美丽的花。,什么是定语？,一朵美丽的,你昨天买的一朵美丽的,Thisisaflower.,Thisisabeautifulflower.,Thisisabeautifulflowerthat/whichyouboughtyesterday).,abeautiful,(that/which,abeautiful,先行词,关系代词,.翻译以下句子:(先行词是人时)1)她是唱歌最好的女孩。Sheisthegirl.Thegirlsingsbestofall.2)医生是在医院里工作的人。Thedoctorisaperson.Thepersonworksinahospital.3)飞行员是开飞机的人。Apilotisaperson.Thepersondrivesaplane.4)我最喜欢的运动员是田亮。TheplayerisTianliang.Iliketheplayerthebest.5)你昨天看见的那个女人是我的英语老师。ThewomanismyEnglishteacher.Isawthewomanyesterday.,Sheisthegirlwho/thatsingsbestofall.,Adoctorisapersonwho/thatworksinahospital.,Apilotisapersonwho/thatdrivesaplane.,Theplayerwho/that/whomIlikethebestisTianliang.,Thewomanwho/that/whomIsawyesterdayismyEnglishteacher.,*当先行词是人时,关系代词用that,who或者whom。关系代词在人称代词前可以省略，在动词前不可以省。,.翻译以下句子:(先行词是物时)1)这就是你要的书。2)在河边的建筑物是我们的学校。3)这就是我们去年住过的房间。,Thisisthebookwhich/thatyouwant.,Thebuildingwhichstandsneartheriverisourschool.,Thisistheroomwhich/thatwelivedinlastyear.,*在定语从句中，当先行词是物体时，关系代词用which/that,同样，在人称代词前可以省略；动词前不能省。,(1)先行词:人,who,that,whom,主语/宾语,宾语,(2)先行词:物,that,which,主语/宾语,(3)所属关系:人/物,whose,定语,1钢琴家就是钢琴弹得非常好的人。2我最喜欢的歌星是刘德华。3她是我见过的最漂亮的女孩。4我有一个喜欢问问题的朋友。,Apianistisapersonwho/thatplaysthepianoverywell.,Thesingerwho/thatIlikethebestisLiuDehua.,SheisthemostbeautifulgirlthatIhaveeverseen.,Ihaveafriendwho/thatlikesaskingquestions.,这是看过的最好的电影。Theisthebestfilm_Ihaveseen.,(that),为什么which不行？,一、关系代词which和that的区别,A.关系代词必须用that的情形：人物代高序跳恰恰(theonly/very),1、当先行词既指人又指物时,Thecaranditsdriver_knockeddowntheoldladyhavebeentakentothepolicestation.,that,例如：这是我看过的最好的电影。,3、当先行词被形容词的最高级所修饰,ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.,2、当先行词为不定代词时或被不定代词修饰时,Isthereanything_Icandoforyou?All_youhavetodoistopressthebutton.Thereisnotime_wecanwaste.,that,that,that,Thisistheonlyticket_Igotyesterday.Thisistheverybook_Imlookingfor.,4、当先行词被序数词修饰,例如：第一辆到达终点的汽车是由John驾驶的。,ThefirstcarthatarrivedatthedestinationwasdrivenbyJohn.,5、当先行词被theonly,thevery等修饰,that,that,B、不能用that的情况:介词逗号that1、介词+whichWearrivedthedayonwhichtheyleft.2、非限制定语从句逗号后Thehouse,whichIboughtlastyear,hasalovelygarden.3、先行词是that、those或被that、those修饰时Shopkeeperswanttokeepanumberofthosegoodswhichsellbest.,1.Thiswasthebestmodelofaradioset_thefactoryproducedin1979.2.Hetoldmeeverything_hehadseeninthetrafficaccident.3.YesterdayImetDr.Li_toldmethegoodnewsofWangsrecovery.4.Thetwostudents_youtaughtthreeyearsagohavebecometractordrivers.5.Thefirstthing_mysisterisgoingtodoistowritealetter.,(that),(that),who/that,who/that,(that),二、which/whom在从句中做介词宾语时，介词一般可放在which/whom之前或原来的位置。ThehouseisnowtheLuXunMuseum.LuXunoncelivedinthehouse.Thehousethat/whichLuXunoncelivedinisnowtheLuXunMuseum.ThehouseinwhichLuXunoncelivedisnowtheLuXunMuseum.,Thedocumentsforwhichtheyweresearchinghavebeenrecovered.Thisisasubjectaboutwhichwemightargueforalongwhile.IwantedtofindsomeonewithwhomIcoulddiscussbooksandmusic.注意：动词固定词组中的介词只能放在原来的位置上，不能放在which/whom之前Theboy（whom）mysisterislookingafterisgettingbetter.Thechildwhomshetakescareofisill.,1.Doyoulikethebook_shespent$10?2.Doyoulikethebook_shepaid$10?3.Doyoulikethebook_shelearnedalot?4.Doyoulikethebook_sheoftentalks?5.Hebuiltatelescope_hecouldstudytheskies.6.Thereisatalltreeoutside，_standsourteacher.(树下）7.Chinahasalotofrivers，thesecondlongest_istheYellowRiver.,onwhich,forwhich,fromwhich,aboutwhich,throughwhich,underwhich,ofwhich,8.Thetower_peoplecanhaveagoodviewisonthehill.9.Theman_Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwrestling.10.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows，most_hadntbeencleanedforatleastayear.11.Theworkers，some_stayedforfouryears，camefromdifferentcountries.12.Thecommitteeconsistsof20members，5_arewomen.,fromwhich,towhom,ofwhich,ofwhom,ofwhom,翻译以下句子:(表示所属关系时)1)我认识那个学生，他的妈妈是一个医生。2)那个男孩英语学得不好，他爸爸已经到美国去