定语从句专题复习-中考复习

定语从句,TheAttributiveClause,WhichoneisHarryPorter?,戴着眼睛的男孩是哈利波特TheboyiswearingglassesTheboyisHarryPorter,定语从句（TheAttributiveClause）,一概念定语从句（AttributiveClauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。形容词、代词、名词等可做定语smartboy，manypeople，yourcardnumber，teachingplan。,从句位置：先行词之后形容词性的从句关系词的作用1.连接作用，引导定语从句。2.代替先行词。3.在定语从句中担当一个成分。TheboywhoiswearingglassesisHarryPorter,TheboywhoiswearingglassesisHarryPorter先行词关系词定语从句关系代词关系副词whothatwhichwherewhenwhywhomwhose,二关系词的用法,1.关系代词whothat主语/宾语先行词是人whom宾语先行词是物which/that主语/宾语that先行词是人和物whose作先行词定语,关系代词,Tryit指出关系代词在句子中的成分1.Heistheman(whom/that)Isawyesterday.2.Thebook(which)mysisitergavemeisveryinteresting3.Helivesinaroomwhosewindowfacessouth4.Thegirlwho/thatcametoourclaseisLiming5.Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.,宾语,定语,宾语,定语,主语,三如何选定定语从句关系词,1.分辨主句和定语从句2.确定定语从句的先行词（人/物/人和物）3.把先行词带到从句中，看其在定语从句中充当的成分（主语宾语定语状语）4.若先行词在从句中做主语，宾语或定语则用关系代词，如果做状语则用关系副词。,用关系代词填空：that、which、who、whom、whose1.Thisistheman_wantstoseeyou.2.clockisamachine_tellspeoplethetime.3.Thisisshirt_Iboughtyesterday.4.Thisistheboywith_hetalked,whothat,whichwhat,whichthat,whom,whowhomwhosethat用法区别,1.who指人，在从句中做主语或宾语TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.TheboysarefromClassOne分解Theboysareplayingfootball,做主语,2.whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。,Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedabout.Mr.Liuistheperson分解Youtalkedwiththeperson注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。,作宾语,若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that，也不能省略,Themanwithyoutalkedismyfriend.Themanyoutalkedwithismyfriend.,whom,（whom/who/that）,3.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语,Iknowtheboywhosefatherisadoctor.Iknowtheboy分解Theboysfatherisadoctor,作定语,4.that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.,which和that的用法,which和that通常指物，既可以作主语也可以作宾语，作宾语可以省略。(1)Footballisagamewhich/thatislikedbymostboys.(2)Thisisthepen(which/that)heboughtyesterday.,作主语,作宾语,which和that的区别,只能用that的情况ThisisthemostinterestingbookthatIveeverread.ThisisthefirstplaythatihaveseensinceicamehereThisistheverybookthatbelongstohim,1.当形容词最高级和序数词修饰先行词时,2.先行词被thevery,theonly,thelast,thesame修饰时,PayattentiontoeverythingthatIdoTheteacherwantstoteachusallthatheknows.Ihavereadallthebooksthatyoulentme,3.当先行词是everything,something,anything,nothing,all,little,much等时,4.当先行词被no,all,any,little,every,some修饰时,WhatsthenameoftheanimalsthatjumpsaboutWhichisthebikethatyoulost?Theyhadalongtalkaboutthepersonsandthingsthattheybothknew,5,.当先行词是有生命的动物或人时，宜使用that而不是which,6.当主句中已有疑问词who或which时，要用关系代词that。,7.当先行词同时指人和物时,只用which的情况,1.在介词后面的关系代词Thepictureforwhichhepaid$1,000wasonceownedbyaduke.2.有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已有which,另一个宜用that。相反，如果其中一个为that，另一个宜用which。Edisonbuiltupafactorywhichproducedthingsthathadneverbeenseenbefore.,引导定语从句的关系代词总结,whothat,whom,whose(ofwhom),whichtaht,that,whose(ofwhich),that,that,whose,whenwherewhy用法,1.where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。Thisisthehospitalmymotherworks.Thisisthehospitalwevisitedthedaybeforeyesterday.,where,which/that,2表时间名词+when+定语从句。,when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。IwillneverforgetthedayIfirstmetyouatschool.Iwillneverforgetthedayswespenttogether,when,that/which,表原因的名词reason+why+定语从句,(why只用于reason之后的限制性定语从句中,在定语从句中作原因状语。)ThisisthereasonhegavehisbossintheofficeThereasonhedidnotgotoschoolisthathewasill.,which/that,why,whenwhere和why都可以替换成“介词+which”,DoyoustillrememberthedayonwhichwefirstmetinNantong?Thisistheroominwhichwelivedlastyear.DoyouknowthereasonforwhichherefusedtogotoMarysbirthdayparty.,(onwhich=when),(inwhich=where),(forwhich=why),关系副词when=on(induring.)whichwhere=in(infrontof.)whichwhy=forwhich,关系副词,Practicemakesperfect,1Thisistheplace_Johnwasborn?AwhichBwhereC.whenDthat2.Heistheonlyperson_Iwanttotalkto.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whose3Isthisproblem_theteacherexplainedlastweek?AtheoneBthatCwhichDone4Thehighbuilding_standfourpolicemenisthepolicestationAwhichBthatCinfrontofitD.infrontofwhich,5MymotherwillgiveMaryamodelplane_shewillliketoplayAwhichBthatCforwhichDwithwhich6Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome_Iwastakengoodca