河南省周口市中英文学校2018-2019学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）

周口中英文学校2018-2019学年下期高一期终考试英语试题第二部分：阅读理解 （共两节，满分40分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的a、b、c、d 四个选项中选出最佳答案。acan you imagine a cloud floating in the middle of your room? do you want to know what it feels like to fly like a bird? find your answers in time magazines 25 best inventions. here, we have picked out the most interesting 4 to share with you.talking glovesever felt confused by the sign language used by disabled people? here is the helping hand you need. four ukrainian students have created a pair of gloves that helps people with hearing and speech problems communicate with others. the gloves are equipped with sensors that recognize sign language and translate it into text on a smartphone. then the smartphone changes the text to spoken words.google glassesgoogle glasses are like a computer built into the frame of a pair of glasses. with its 1.3-centimeter display, the glasses allow you to surf the internet and make calls without even lifting a finger. the glasses also have a camera and gps mapping system. users can take and share photos, check maps and surf the internet just by looking up, down, left and right.indoor cloudsits not virtual.thats a real world. dutch artist smilde managed to create a small but perfect white cloud in the middle of a room using a fog machine. but it required careful planningthe temperature, humidity（湿度）and lighting all had to be just right. once everything was ready, the cloud formed in the air with the machine. but it only lasted for a short while.wingsuitsthe suit fulfills your dreams of flying like a bird.well, not exactly flying, but gliding（滑翔）through the air. it increases the surface area of the human body, which makes it easier for people to float in the air. fliers wearing wingsuits can glide one kilometer in about 30 seconds.1. who will probably be the users of “talking gloves”?a. disabled peopleb. normal people.c. trained people.d. working people.2. how can users of google glasses surf the internet?a. by moving the mouse.b. by tapping the keyboard.c. by moving the eyeballs.d. by pressing the button.3. which of the following can help you fly?a. talking gloves.b. wingsuits.c. google glasses.d. indoor clouds.【答案】1. b 2. c 3. b【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个有趣的发明。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“ever felt confused by the sign language used by disabled people? here is the helping handyou need.”可知，说话手套能够帮助人们理解残疾人的手语，再结合它的工作原理可知，它的使用者可能是正常人，故b项正确。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“users can take and share photos, check maps and surf the internet just by looking up, down, left and right.”可知，戴上谷歌眼镜，只需上下左右移动眼球就可以上网，故c项正确。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“the suit fulfills your dreams of flying like a bird.”可知，飞行服能够让人们“飞行”，故b项正确。【点睛】本篇第1题难度较大，a项的迷惑性很大，很多同学会根据第二段中的“four ukrainian students have created a pair of gloves that helps people with hearing and speech problems communicate with others.”(四名乌克兰学生发明了一种手套，可以帮助有听力和语言问题的人与他人交流)而误选a项，但根据第二段中的“ever felt confused by the sign language used by disabled people? here is the helping handyou need.”可知，说话手套能够帮助人们理解残疾人的手语，再结合它的工作原理可知，它的使用者可能是正常人，而不是残疾人。balmost all cultures celebrate the end of one year and the beginning of another in some way. different cultures celebrate the beginning of a new year in different ways, and at different times on the calendar.in western countries, people usually celebrate new year at midnight on december 31st or january 1st. people may go to parties, sometimes dressed in formal clothes, and they may drink champagne（香槟）at midnight. during the first minutes of the new year, people cheer and wish each other happiness for the year ahead. but some cultures prefer to celebrate the new year by waking up early to watch the sunrise. they welcome the new year with the first light of the sunrise.many cultures also do special things to get rid of bad luck at the beginning of a new year. for example, in ecuador, families make a big doll from old clothes. the doll is filled with old newspapers and firecrackers. at midnight, these dolls are burned to show the bad things from the past year are gone and the new year can start afresh（重新）.other common traditions to keep away bad luck in a new year include throwing things into rivers or the ocean, or saying special things on the first day of the new year.other new year traditions are followed to bring good luck in the new year. one widespread spanish tradition for good luck is to eat grapes on new years day. the more grapes a person eats, the more good luck the person will have in the new year. in france, people eat pancakes for good luck at new year. in the united states, some people eat black-eyed peas for good luckbut to get good luck for a whole year you have to eat 365 of them！4. which of the following can be the best title of the text?a. several different new year traditionsb. the meaning of happy new year!c. what to eat on new years dayd. why people dress up nicely on new years day5. what do you know from the first two paragraphs？a. different cultures celebrate the beginning and ending of a year in the same way.b. the western people celebrate the new year only by watching the sunrise.c. people around the world celebrate the new year at different times.d. people hold parties, wear new clothes and drink champagne for a whole day.6. in some cultures, why do people throw things into rivers or oceans?a. to bring good luck.b. to forget everything.c. to avoid bad luck.d. to plan for the next year.7. which of following is correct if people want to escape bad luck and wish for good luck?a. families make big dolls filled with old clothesb. friends tell something special to each otherc. some people get up early to watch the sunrised. europeans eat 365 grapes on new years day【答案】4. a 5. c 6. c 7. b【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界各地几种不同的庆祝新年的传统。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章内容，特别是第一段中的“different cultures celebrate the beginning of a new year in different ways”可知，不同的文化以不同的方式庆祝新年，下文就介绍了几种不同的庆祝新年的传统，故a项正确。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“different cultures celebrate the beginning of a new year in different ways, and at different times on the calendar.”及第二段的举例可知，世界各地庆祝新年的时间不同，故c项正确。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“other common traditions to keep away bad luck in a new year include throwing things into rivers or the ocean”可知，新年那天，人们往河里或海里扔东西是为了赶走霉运，故c项正确。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“or saying special things on the first day of the new year.”可知，如果想要在新的一年里避开霉运，行好运，新年那天，朋友间要彼此讲一些特别的事情，故b项正确。【点睛】主旨大意题难度较大，抓住文章主题句是关键，说明文的主题句一般会在第一段第一句或最后一句，这是由说明文的文体特点决定的，例如本篇第1题，根据第一段中的“different cultures celebrate the beginning of a new year in different ways”可知，不同的文化以不同的方式庆祝新年，下文就介绍了世界各地几种不同的庆祝新年的传统，故a项正确。cdale carnegie(戴尔卡耐基) was an american writer and lecturer, and the developer of famous courses in self-improvement, salesmanship, corporate training, public speaking and interpersonal skills.born in 1888 in maryville, missouri, carnegie was a poor farmers boy. his family moved to belton, missouri when he was a small child. in his teens, though still having to get up at 4 am every day to milk his parents cows, he managed to obtain an education at the state teachers college in warrensburg. his first job after college was selling correspondence courses. he moved on to selling bacon, soap, and lard（猪油）for armour&company.after saving $500, dale carnegie quit sales in 1911 in order to achieve a lifelong dream of becoming a lecturer. he ended up instead attending the american academy of dramatic arts in new york, but found little success as an actor. later he got the idea to teach public speaking. in his first session, he suggested that students speak about something that made them angry, and discovered the technique that made speakers unafraid to address a public audience. from its beginning, the dale carnegie course developed. carnegie had made use of the average americans desire to have more self-confidence.perhaps one of carnegies most successful marketing moves was to change the spelling of his last name from carnagey to carnegie, at a time when andrew carnegie was a widely recognized name.carnegies works include lincoln the unknown (1932), public speaking and influencing men in business (1937), and how to stop worrying and start living (1948). his greatest achievement, however, was when simon &. schuster published how to win friends and influence people. the book was a bestseller from 1936. by the time of carnegies death, the book had sold five million copies in 31 languages, and there had been 450,000 graduates of his dale carnegie institute.carnegie died at his home in new york in 1955.8. what do you think of dale carnegies childhood?a. joyful.b. difficult.c. lonely.d. boring.9. which of the following is important for dale carnegie?a. helping people to get wealthyb. encouraging one to trust himself.c. teaching people speaking skills.d. advising people to live happily.10. why did dale carnegie change his last name?a. to get more help and support.b. to replace andrew carnegie.c. to avoid misunderstanding.d. to become more famous.11. which of the following is dale carnegies most successful work?a. lincoln the unknownb. how to win friends and influence peoplec. how to stop worrying and start livingd. public speaking and influencing men in business【答案】8. b 9. b 10. d 11. b【解析】本文是一篇人物传记，介绍了戴尔卡耐基的生平和成就。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“in his teens, though still having to get up at 4 am every day to milk his parents cows”可知，卡耐基出生在一个农民家庭，小时候每天早晨四点钟就要起来挤牛奶，由此可知，他的童年是非常艰苦的，故b项正确。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“carnegie had made use of the average americans desire to have more self-confidence.”可知，美国民众渴望拥有自信，由此可知，鼓励人们相信自己对卡耐基来说很重要，故b项正确。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“change the spelling of his last name fromcarnageyto carnegie, at a time when andrew carnegie was a widely recognized name.”可知，卡耐基把名字由carnagey改成carnegie是因为当时安德鲁卡耐基是一个家喻户晓的名字，也就是说他想要更出名才改名字，故d项正确。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“his greatest achievement, however, was when simon &. schuster published how to win friends and influence people.”可知，人性的弱点是卡耐基最成功的著作，故b项正确。ddeveloping healthy eating habits starts from childhood, therefore it is important for parents to teach and provide children with a healthy diet. dphss administrator of the bureau of nutrition services, charlie morris told kuam news, “a healthy diet for a child consists of a lot of fruits and vegetables in the diet limiting the amount of simple sugars in the diet and high fat food and highly processed(加工的) food.”this means staying away as much as possible from food such as chips, cookies, candies and sugary drinks, as all children need to have meals which involve a well-balanced diet. community nutritionist(营养学家) thelma romoso said, “the fruit, the vegetable, the grain, the protein, and also the milk, the diary product, so for the fruits its easy for a mother to go into the two plus three concept of fruits and vegetables or five a day.”this concept means that there are at least two servings of fruits a day, three servings of vegetables a day which can be served for lunch and dinner. as for protein parents can make a variety of dishes from chicken, beef, fish or even dried beans to make sure the child gets three servings a day.morris said that the childs hunger level controls how much is eaten and the parent controls what and when the meal is offered, saying, “mom needs to ensure that the food offered is good food for the child to eat and throughout the day depending on how active they are, snacks(零食) are not a bad thing, so the mom should offer good kinds of snacks.”when it comes to preparing your childs lunch and snacks for school, make sure to keep in mind that the food you provide should not only be a source of energy but also be nutritionally beneficial such as fresh fruits, and whole grain bread. but parents must be sure to remember that a good nutritional diet must be balanced with physical activity, namely it is important that children get outside and run around and play and get activity in addition to eating a good diet.12. what does the author intend to tell us in the text?a. fruits and vegetables are good for your child.b. choose healthy food and snacks for your child.c. take steps to provide a good lunch for your child.d. make various and delicious dishes for your child.13. according to charlie morris we can know that _.a. highly processed food should be reduced in daily lifeb. mothers should prepare delicious food by themselvesc. sugars and high fat exist in few kinds of foodd. active children prefer more and more snacks14. which is not true when preparing your childs food for school?a. the food must provide energy as well as nutrition.b. running and playing when eating is beneficial.c. physical exercise is as important as a good dietd. fruits and whole grain foods should be included.15. it can be inferred from the text that _.a. fresh fruits are often ignored by childrenb. a good nutritional diet may cost too muchc. parents play an important role in childrens dietd. choosing healthy food is linked with income【答案】12. b 13. a 14. b 15. c【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了父母应该如何教导和提供给孩子健康的饮食。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“it is important for parents to teach and provide children with a healthy diet.”可知，父母教导和提供给孩子健康的饮食很重要，下文就介绍了父母应该如何为孩子提供健康的饮食，由此可知作者写这篇文章主要是想告诉我们为孩子选择健康的食物与零食，故b项正确。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“limiting the amount of simple sugars in the diet and high fat food and highly processed(加工的) food.”可知，charlie morris认为在日常生活中我们应减少深加工食品的摄入量，故a项正确。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“it is important that children get outside and run around and play and get activity in addition to eating a good diet.”可知，除了良好的饮食，孩子们还应该到户外活动、玩耍，而不是边吃边玩，故b项正确。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“developing healthy eating habits starts from childhood, therefore it is important for parents to teach and provide children with a healthy diet.”可知，养成健康的饮食习惯从童年开始，因此父母教导和提供给孩子健康的饮食是很重要的，由此可知，父母对于孩子的饮食起着重要作用，故c项正确。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中的两项为多途选项。how to become a top studentsuccessful students use different techniques(技巧)to study，which brings them more success._16_here are the four techniques almost all topper forming students use.they are regular. almost all successful students study regularly，because they know “what you give is what you get”if you put in regular hours of studying，then you will learn more and get better grades._17_this will help you to study regularly.they have clear goals. all topper forming students have definite，specific goals._18_they motivate(激发)you and drive you to study more. but make sure that you do not get carried away. set realistic goals which can challenge(挑战)you，but do not seem impossible or too difficult to achieve.they study without pressure(压力)successful students study a lot. but they study without putting strain on themselves. most students make the mistake of studying too hard or studying continuously for a long time._19_studying should be done in a balanced manner. take a break for a few minutes，after studying for 30 or 45 minutes. relax，walk around your room or house，or drink some water and return to studying. such short breaks will refresh your brain and you will learn more._20_studying is not something you do just because your parents ask you to do it. its actually very important for you. studying gives you knowledge and skills that will remain with you for the rest of your life. it gives you the ability to get a job and earn money. and successful students recognize the value of studying well.a. this creates tension and actually slows down learning and memory.bbut to score grade a in english，you should make well planned efforts.cset aside some hours，each day or each week，for studying.dhaving such goals gives you a purpose to study better.elearn their techniques，and you will also join their rank.fthey finish their homework on time.gthey give importance to study.【答案】16. e 17. c 18. d 19. a 20. g【解析】本文为说明文。文章介绍怎样成为尖子生的建议，要有学习目标，学会有计划的学习，了解学习的重要性等。【16题详解】考查句意理解和上下文串联。根据上文，successful students use different techniques to study, which brings them more success.可知学习他们的技巧，你会加入他们的行列，故选e。【17题详解】考查句意理解和上下文串联。根据上文，. if you put in regular hours of studying, then you will learn more and get better grades.可知每天，每星期都留些时间来学习，故选c。【18题详解】考查句意理解和上下文串联。根据上文，all top-performing students have definite, specific goals.可知有目标可以让你学得更好，故选d。【19题详解】考查句意理解和上下文串联。根据上文，most students make the mistake of studying too hard or studying continuously for a long time.可知这会产生出紧张，会让你学习和记忆力变慢，故选a。【20题详解】考查句意理解和上下文串联。根据下文，studying is not something you do just because your parents ask you to do it. its actually very important for you.可知他们知道学习的重要性故选g。第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d中)，选出可以填入空白处。the best example of universally understood body language may be the smile. a smile can open doors and tear down walls among _21_.i have organized and reorganized an _22_ with the dentist for months. i also _23_ it twice and called the day before to _24_all the paperwork would be ready for the x-rays.then i arrived. it wasnt _25_at all. the lady there even had no _26_ what i was talking about. i _27_ felt my blood boil. i was getting so _28_. i didnt yell at her but i may as well have because the _29_ i was talking to her was not nice. i spoke down to her like she was a child and incapable. it was not a good moment. the whole time she smiled and was _30_ to me.only when everything was finally _31_ was i nice. i sat down in the waiting area and _32_ it all. how can i make it better? how can i make up for my _33