《名词性从句专题复习》(课件)改

Welcometoourclass,Grammarandusage,-NounClauses,名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。,Hisjobisimportant.,Whathedoesisimportant.,Thisishisjob.,Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.,名词性从句在功能上相当于名词,Idontlikehisjob.,Idontlikewhathedoeseveryday.,Idontknowabouttheman,Mr.White.,Idontknowaboutthefactthatheisateacher.,名词性从句在功能上相当于名词,I.名词性从句的种类,1.Whenwewillstartisnotclear.2.Shewontbelievethathersonhasbecomeathief.3.Myideaisthatweshoulddoitrightnow.4.Ihadnoideathatyouwereherfriend.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,Subjectclausescanbeintroducedbythat,whetherorquestionswords.主语从句一般有两种结构：1.主语从句+谓语1).Thathewillsucceediscertain.2).Whathesaidisnottrue.3).Whetherhewillgothereisnotknown.4).Whoevercomesiswelcome.5).Whentheyllstarttheprojecthasnotbeendecidedyet.,一主语从句,that只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不充当任何成分,且在宾语从句中有时可省。what既起连接作用,又在从句中作主语,宾语,表语(且在名词性从句中只有what可作表语）,1)_yousaidyesterdayisright.2)_sheisstillaliveisaconsolation.,3)_hewillsucceediscertain.4)_Ineedisagoodnightssleep.,What,That,That,What,what与that在引导主语从句时的区别,主语从句一般有两种结构:1.主语从句+谓语/2.it做形式主语(1)Itis名词从句Itisafactthat事实是Itisanhonorthat非常荣幸(2)itis形容词从句Itisnaturalthat很自然Itisstrangethat奇怪的是(3)it不及物动词从句Itseemsthat似乎Ithappenedthat碰巧(4)it过去分词从句ItisreportedthatIthasbeenprovedthat已证实,It作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构,例如：Itisapitythatyoudidntgotoseethefilm.Itdoesntinterestmewhetheryousucceedornot.,一主语从句,二宾语从句,宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。,二宾语从句,1.作动词的宾语(1)由that引导的宾语从句(that通常可以省略),例如：Iheardthathejoinedthearmy.(2)由what,whether(if)引导的宾语从句，例如：Shedidnotknowwhathadhappened.Iwonderwhetheryoucanchangethisnoteforme.(3)动词间接宾语宾语从句。例如：Shetoldmethatshewouldacceptmyinvitation.,二宾语从句,2.作介词的宾语，例如：Oursuccessdependsuponhowwellwecancooperate(合作)withoneanother.3.作形容词的宾语，例如：Iamafraid(that)Ivemadeamistake.Iamsure(that)hewillwinthegame.,4.it可以作为形式宾语it不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。例如：Wethoughtitgoodnewsthatthefoghadfinallygone.,二宾语从句,5.否定的转移若主句谓语动词为think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,fancy,guess,imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。例如：_我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。,Idontthinkthedressfitsyouwell,二宾语从句,连接词that的省略,宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下不能省略：（1）当that从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，第二个that不能省；（2）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。（3）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句Everyoneknewwhathappenedandthatshewasworried.Thereasonliesinthatsheworksharderthantheothersdo.IthinkitnecessarythatyoushouldreadEnglishaloud.,表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语连系动词表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be,look,remain,seem等。另外，常用的还有thereasonisthat和Itisbecause等结构。例如：Thequestioniswhetherwecanrelyonhim.Thatsbecausewewereinneedofmoneyatthattime.Helookedasifhewasgoingtocry.ThatswhyIwaslate.,三表语从句,同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。1.同位语从句的功能同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导，例如：1)Thekingsdecisionthattheprisonerwouldbesetfreesurprisedallthepeople.2)Theorderthatallthesoldiersshouldstaystillisgivenbythegeneral.,四同位语从句,2.同位语常跟在以下抽象名词之后idea；belief；fact；truth；problem；news；decision;hope;order;possibility;suggest;advice等1)Theideathatcomputerscanrecognizehumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople.,四同位语从句,2.同位语在句子中的位置同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。例如：1)HegotthenewsfromMarythatthesportsmeetingwasputoff.2)WordcamethatNapoleonhimselfwascomingtoinspectthem.,四同位语从句,1.Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.2.Wemustfacethefactthatwehadspentallourmoney.3.Thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdaywasfalse.4.Ihavenodoubtthathewillcomesoon.5.Thefactisthatwehavespentallourmoney.,辨别下列从句是定语从句还是同位语从句,同位语从句,同位语从句,定语从句,同位语从句,表语从句,名词性从句考点归纳,考点一：名词性从句中that与what的区别考点二：名词性从句中的it作形式主语或形式宾语考点三：名词性从句的语序考点四：名词性从句中的whether,if以及that的区别考点五：疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句及其与nomatter+疑问词引导的从句的区别考点六：名词性从句的虚拟语气,考例:_wecantgetseemsbetterthan_wehave.A.What;whatB.What;thatC.That;thatD.That;what,that只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不充当任何成分,且在宾语从句中有时可省。what既起连接作用,又在从句中作主语,宾语,表语(且在名词性从句中只有what可作表语）,考点一:考查名词性从句中that与what的区别,考例1:_isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It考例2:Ihate_whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.A.itB.thatC.thisD.them,考点二:考查名词性从句中的it作形式主语或形式宾语,考例:Thephotographswillshowyou_.A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike,分析:在名词性从句中,除了关联词要提到句首之外,一律要用陈述句语序。,考点三:考查名词性从句的语序,考例1:_wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where考例2:Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis_mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.A.whenB.howC.whetherD.why,考例3:Itworriedherabit_herhairwasturninggray.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for,考点四:考查名词性从句中的whether,if以及that的区别,whether与if均为“是否”的意思,但在下列情况下，只用whether不能被用if,1.主语从句Whetherhewillcomeisunknown.2.表语从句，如：Thequestioniswhetheryoushouldacceptit.3.同位语从句，如：Thequestionwhetherhellattendthemeetingisnotdecided.,whether与if均为“是否”的意思,但在下列情况下，只用whether不能被用if,4.从句作介词的宾语，如：Imnotinterestedinwhethertheyllgoornot.Itdependsonwhetherwehavegotenoughmoney.5.直接跟不定式连用，如：Shehasntdecidedwhethertogoornot.,只能使用whether的情况,主语从句表语从句同位语从句介词后的宾语从句直接加动词不定式只能用whether(todo)whetherornot直接连用时不用if,请你归纳,请你归纳,考例1:Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever,考点五:疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句及其与nomatter+疑问词引导的从句的区别,nomatterwho/what与whoever/whatever,Nomatterwhodestroystheforestwillbepunished.Whoeverdestroystheforestwillbepunished.,(错),解析:nomatter只能引导状语从句，ever既可引导状语从句又可以引导名词性从句.,(对),考点六:考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题,(1)在下列动词之后接的宾语从句要用虚拟语气：一个坚持insist,两个命令order,command,三个建议suggest,propose,advise,四个要求demand,require,request,ask,如:Iinsistthatshe(should)doherworkalone.(2)主语是suggestion,proposal,requ