英语写作宾语专项

-宾语概念：宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。位置：一般位于及物动词和介词之后。可以作宾语的有：名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词、从句。一、一般用法：1、名词作宾语 Show your passport, please. 请出示护照。2、代词作宾语 She didnt say anything. 她什么也没说。3、数词作宾语 How many do you want? I want two. 你想要几个 我想要两个。4、名词化的形容词作宾语They sent the injured to hospital. 他们把伤员送到医院。5、不定式作宾语 They asked to see my passport. 他们要求看我的护照。6、动名词形式作宾语 I enjoy working with you. 我和你们一道工作很愉快。7、从句作宾语 Did you write down what he said? 你把他的话写下了没有二、复合宾语（宾语+宾补）概念：在英语中有些动词接了一个宾语后句子意思仍不完整还需要再加上一个词或短语放在宾语之后来补充说明其身份、特征、状态或所做的动作这种“宾语+宾语补足语”结构称为复合宾语。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。We call him Jack . 我们叫他杰克。这里him 是宾语，Jack 是宾语补足语。自我检测：They appointed him chairman. 他们任命他为主席。_是宾语,_是宾语补足语。They must keep their hands behind their backs. _是宾语，_是宾补。You mustnt force him to lend his money to you. We will make our school more beautiful I saw her entering a office.3、 双宾语（主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（事物）此结构若要先说直接宾语（事物）后说直接宾语（人），则需要借助to或for常跟双宾语的动词有（需借助to的）bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, write, tell, ask.（需借助for的）buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save, spare.概念：双宾语就是有些动词后面跟直接宾语和间接宾语。直接宾语指的是动词所涉及的物间接宾语是指受益于动词所表示行为的人。They gave him a watch. 这里的him 是间接宾语 a watch 是直接宾语.自我检测1. Please lend me your dictionary.2.Would you please tell me your address ?3.He wrote carefully some letters to his friends.4.She showed us her many of her pictures.翻译练习1. Johnson先生去年教我们德语。2. 玛丽把钱包交给校长了。3. 新机器将会为你节省许多劳力。4.I want to know_ A. what is his name B. whats his name C. that his name is D. what his name is 5.-Could you tell me _she is looking for? -Her cousin, Susan. A. that B. whose C .who D. which 宾语从句：即句子作宾语，而不再是一个词或短语作宾语。一、宾语从句的种类：1. 由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如： He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed.2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如： Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I dont know why the train is late.3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如： I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him2、 宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如： I hear (that) physics isnt easy. I think (that) you will like this school soon. Can you tell me how I can get to zoo? Please tell me when well have the meeting.（三）宾语从句的时态1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。如： I dont think (that) you are right. Please tell us where he is. Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如： He asked what time it was. He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet. He asked if you had written to Peter. He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如： Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun自我检测1. Your T-shirt is so cool. Could you tell me _? A. where you buy it B. where do you buy it C. where you bought it D. where did you buy it2.Excuse me .Could you tell me_ I can get to the Space Museum? -Of course. You can take bus No.1. A. Where B. how C. if D. Why3.Tommy, do you know if Frank _ to the zoo this Sunday if it _? Sorry, I have no idea. A.will go; is fine B. goes; is fine C. will go; is going to be fine D. goes; will be fine 4. Our teacher told us the sun _ in the east. A. rise B. rose C. rising D. Rises范例 如何用英文写劝说信在具体写作中要注意下列几点： 1话题的提出要开门见山，不要拖泥带水；2正反对比论据要正确，条理要清楚，语言应准确、精炼；3作者的观点必须鲜明，不能模棱两可；4议论文的主体时态多用一般现在时；5尽量避免同一单词、句型的重复使用，多采用同义词、相似结构以使表达多样化。 积累1 常用句式 I am writing to express my views concerning.I dont think it is a very good way to.For example，.Worst of all，.In my opinion，it is wrong to.As far as I am concerned，we should.The main disadvantages of.are as follows.First.；Second.；Third.；Finally.I would very much like to advise you to.万能2 写作模板Dear _，Im writing to 写信目的I dont think it is 自己观点To begin with，they will分析危害/缺点，.In addition，.worse still，.Therefore，I strongly hope that建议内容，.I具体建议.Looking forward to _Yours，演练3 实战提升假设你是李萍，你的笔友王强最近沉迷于电脑游戏而不能自拔，严重影响了学习和身心健康。请你给他写一封信劝说他戒掉这一不良习惯，并对他的学习生活给出自己的建议。注意：1.词数100左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第1步思路分析透彻是前提本篇作文可以从以下几个方面入手：1作者首先要陈述自己的担忧；2指出沉迷于电脑游戏的危害；3表达作者的希望并提出建议。第2步词汇必用词汇是关键1.迷上/沉迷于_2首先_3此外_4暴力_5脱离；放弃_6开阔某人的眼界_7对有害_【答案】1.be addicted to2.to begin with/first/first of all3in addition/whats more/besides4.violence5.break away from6.expand/broaden/widen ones horizons7.do harm to/be harmful to第3步句式熟练翻译是根本1.人们普遍认为电脑游戏有趣而且能激发想象力。_computer games are interesting and can inspire our imagination.2更糟糕的是，一些游戏充满暴力，这对你的心理健康会造成危害。_，some games are full of violence，_will be harmful to your mental health.3越早越好。The_.4为了有意义的生活，你可以多读些好书，多锻炼或参加一些社会活动来开阔你的眼界。_a meaningful life，you can read more good books，take more exercise to build you up or_some social activities to broaden your horizons.【答案】1.Its generally believed that2.Worse still；which3earlier，the better4.In order to live；participate in第4步成文连句成篇是目的_【参考范文】Dear Wang Qiang， Im writing to express my views about your addicting to computer games.Although its generally believed that computer games are interesting and can inspire our imagination，yet if you abuse them，they will be harmful to you in many ways.To begin with，they will waste too much valuable time which should be spent on your study or other beneficial things.In addition，playing games for a long time will do harm to your health，especially to your eyes.Worse still，some games are full of violence，which will be harmful to your mental health.Therefore