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虚拟语气,概念:虚拟语气:表示说话人所说的不是事实,而是一种愿望、假设、或推测。,一、虚拟语气在if非真实条件句中,过去式be-were,should/would/could/might+do,haddone,should/would/could/might+havedone,过去式(be-were)shoulddoweretodo,should/would/could/might+do,Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldhavepassedtheexam.(过去虚拟),1.如果我是你,我会接受他的建议(现在虚拟),2.如果明天下雨,我会待在家里。(将来虚拟),3.如果你以前好好学习,你会通过考试的。,IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepthisadvice.,Ifitrained(shouldrain/weretorain)tomorrow,Iwouldstayathome.,Youdidntletmedrive.Ifwe_inturn,you_sotired.drove;didntgetdrove;wouldntgetweredriving;wouldntgethaddriven;wouldnthavegot,1.if从句中,省略if,were,had,should可以放在句首,(用于倒装结构),否定词not不能放在前面。,1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepthisadvice.,2.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,Iwouldstayathome.,3.Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldhavepassedtheexam.,Hadyoustudiedhardbefore,WereIyou,Shoulditraintomorrow,.,_itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangPuBridge.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will,Ifitshouldraintomorrow(省略if,用部分倒装),2.错综时间虚拟语气当从句与主句时间不一致时,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。Ifyou_(follow)myadvicejustnow,you_(be)betternow.Ifyou_(study)hardbefore,you_(be)acollegestudentnow.,hadfollowed,wouldbe,hadstudied,wouldbe,Ifyou_withGeorgeearlier,you_soangrynow.talked;wouldnotbehadtalked;wouldnotbewouldtalk;wouldnotbehadtalked;wouldnothavebeen,Ifwehadtakensucheffectivemeasuresmuchearlier,theriver_soseriouslynow.isnotpollutedwouldnotbepollutedhadnotbeenpollutedwouldnothavebeenpolluted,3、含蓄虚拟语气在虚拟语气中,并不总是出现if引导的条件句,而通过其它手段来代替条件句。常用的有otherwise,or,without,butfor(倘没有,要不是)等。,1.Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeeting.=IfIhadntbeenillthatday,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeeting.,2.Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday,orIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.,3.Without/Butforyourhelp,wecouldnthavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.=Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,Withoutelectricity,humanbeinglife_quitedifferenttoday.iswillbewouldhavebeenwouldbe,Butforhishelp,I_.shouldnothavesucceededhavenotsucceededdidnotsucceedhadnotsucceeded,Hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball,otherwisehe_agoal.hadscoredscoredwouldscorewouldhavescored,Itisstrangethat_.他居然会这样说,真是奇怪。Itisnecessarythat_.有必要派他去北京。,二、虚拟语气在主语从句中的使用1,Itsnecessary/strange/natural/important/impossiblethat主语+(should)+动词原形,he(should)sayso,hebesenttoBeijing,2.Itisapity/ashame/asurprise/nowonderthat主语+(should)+V原形,Itisagreatpitythat_.他居然会这样想,真是一件憾事。,he(should)thinkso,3.Itis/wassuggested/ordered/demanded/proposed/(1234)+that+主语+(should)+V原形Itssuggestedthattheplanshouldbecarriedout.Itissuggestedthat_.有人建议,晚会周六举行。,theparty(should)be,heldonSaturday,一个坚持insisted,两道命令ordered,commanded,三条建议advised,suggested,proposed,四点要求demanded,required,requested,desired,Itisrequiredthatyou_atsix.willarriveB.arriveC.arrivedD.wouldarrive2.Itisstrangethatthelazyboy_passtheexam.A.hasB.shouldC.wouldD.might,3.Itisnecessarythatourdrinkingwater_cleaner.A.shouldbemadeB.ismadeC.wouldbemadeD.wasmade,三.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使用1.在wish引导的宾语从句中,过去时(were),过去完成时、had+donecouldhavedone,Should/would/could/might+动词原形,Iwish(that)he_(visit)ustomorrow.Iwish(that)he_(visit)ustoday.Iwishhe_(visit)usyesterday.,wouldvisit,visited,hadvisited,IwishI_themeetinglastweek.A.couldattendB.attendedC.haveattendedD.hadattended,2.在表示坚持,要求,命令,建议的宾语从句中,一个坚持_两个命令_三个建议_四个要求_,+that主语+(should)+V原形Thedoctorsuggestedthathe(should)try(try)tolosehisweight.Heinsistedthatwe(should)tell(tell)himthenews.,insist,order,command,advise,suggest,propose,demand,require,request,desire,注意:suggest:表明,暗示陈述语气建议虚拟语气Herpalefacesuggestedthatshe_(be)ill.Herfriendssuggestedthatshe_(send)tohospitalimmediately.Insist:坚持说,陈述语气坚持要求虚拟语气Heinsistedthathe_(notsteal)themoney.Heinsistedthathe_(set)free.,was,(should)besent,hadntstolen,(should)beset,3.在wouldrather宁愿wouldpreferwouldsooner+宾语从句中hadratherwouldassoon与现在或将来事实相反过去时动词过去式/were与过去事实相反过去完成时haddoneIwouldratheryou_(come)herenow.Iwouldratheryou_(come)heretomorrow.Iwouldratheryou_(nottell)methetruthyesterday.,came,hadnttold,came,四、虚拟语气的其他用法1.asif/asthough(好像)+从句(与wish一样)ifonly(要是就好了),IfonlyI_(be)abirdIfonlyyou_(listen)toouradvice!IfonlyI_(be)asuperstarsomeday.Helooksasifhe_anartist.Hetalkedabouttheaccidentasifhe_it.,were,hadlistened,wouldbe,were,hadseen,2.Itis(high/about)time+(that)从句动词过去式should(不可省略)+do该是某人做某事的时候了。Itishightimethatyougotup/shouldgetup.,Imgettingtired;itstimewe_home.A.goB.aregoingC.wentD.shouldbegoing,3、在forfearthat,incase,lest引导的从句中,若用虚拟语气时,从句谓语为:(should)+do。并且should能省略(forfearthat,lest),incase不能省略Sheexaminedthedooragainforfearthatathief_(come)in.她又把门检查了一遍,以防盗贼的进入。Hestartedoutearlierlesthe_(be)late.他早早的就出发了以防迟到。,(should)come,(should)be,4、在sothat/inorderthat所引导的目的状语从句中,从句中的谓语为:may(might)can(could)+doshouldHegoesclosertothespeakersothathe_himclearer.(hear)他走近说话的人以便能听得更清楚。Hereadthelettercarefullyinorderthathe_aword.(miss)他把信读得很仔细以便不漏掉一个字。,canhear,shouldnotmiss,5.用于“May+主语+动词原形+其他”Mayyouhavealongandhappylife!祝您快乐长寿!Mayyoumakeg
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