2020高考英语二轮复习课堂学案课件-阅读理解之代词指代题

,专题三阅读理解,真题感悟,名师点津,随堂限时练,第三节词句猜测题,二、代词指代题,PART1,真题感悟,(2019全国，A)MyFavouriteBooksJoUsmarisawriterforCosmopolitanandco-authoroftheThisBookWillseries(系列)oflifestylebooks.Hereshepickshertopreads.MatildaRoaldDahlIoncewroteapaperontheinfluenceoffairytalesonRoaldDahlswritinganditgavemeanewappreciationforhisstrangeanddelightfulworlds.Matildasbattleswithhercruelparentsandthebossyheadmistress，MissTrunchbull，areequallyfunnyandfrightening，buttheyrealsoaspirational.,AfterDarkHarukiMurakamiItsabouttwosistersEri，amodelwhoeitherwontorcantstopsleeping，andMari，ayoungstudent.Intryingtoconnecttohersister，Maristartschangingherlifeanddiscoversaworldofdiverse“nightpeople”whoarehidingsecrets.GoneGirlGillianFlynnTherewasabitofmethatdidntwanttolovethiswheneveryoneelseontheplanetdid，butthehorrorstoryisbrilliant.TherestensionandanxietyfromthebeginningasNickandAmybattleforyourtrust.Itsarealwhodunitandthefrustrationwhenyourealisewhatsgoingonishorriblyenjoyable.,TheStandStephenKingThisisanexcellentfantasynovelfromoneofthebeststorytellersaround.Afteraseriousfluoutbreakwipesout99.4%oftheworldspopulation，abattleunfoldsbetweengoodandevilamongthoseleft.RandallFlaggisoneofthescariestcharactersever.,语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了JoUsmar最喜欢的四本书。,21.Whodoes“I”refertointhetext?A.StephenKing.B.GillianFlynn.C.JoUsmar.D.RoaldDahl.,解析代词指代题。由标题MyFavouriteBooks以及第一段内容可知，文章是以JoUsmar的口吻进行写作的。故选C。,22.WhichofthefollowingtellsaboutMariandEri?A.Cosmopolitan.B.Matilda.C.AfterDark.D.TheStand.,解析细节理解题。根据AfterDark部分中的第一句“ItsabouttwosistersEri，amodelwhoeitherwontorcantstopsleeping，andMari，ayoungstudent.”可知答案为C。,23.WhatkindofbookisGoneGirl?A.Afolktale.B.Abiography.C.Alovestory.D.Ahorrorstory.,解析细节理解题。根据GoneGirl部分中的“.thehorrorstoryisbrilliant.”可知答案为D。,PART2,名师点津,一、题型解读代词指代题常出现在人物或事物变换多，动作转换频繁的语境中，考生应根据语境判断人称代词、不定代词和指示代词。有时也会考查定语从句中关系代词的指代内容。设问形式常有：(1)Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this/it/them/which.”referto?(2)Theunderlinedpart“it/that/they/which.”inParagraph.refersto“”.,二、解题技巧“就近原则”判指代第一步：明确代词所指代内容的位置代词永远出现在原词之后，故代词所指代的内容在这一句的前面一句中，或者前几句中。第二步：熟悉代词的含义(1)it/this/that可指代一件事。(2)it/he/them/they/one/those指上文提到的人或物。(3)which/that/who等关系代词指代其所修饰的先行词，非限制性定语从句中which可指代前面整句话的内容。,第三步：替换核实再比较(1)用所找的指代内容替换画线代词，核实句意是否合理，前后内容是否一致。(2)比较所代部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。例如：【真题感悟】中第21题。由标题MyFavouriteBooks以及第一段内容可知，文章是以JoUsmar的口吻进行写作的。故C选项正确。,PART3,随堂限时练,A(2019南通高三检测)TheBoyWhoHarnessedtheWindisaninspirationaltrue-storyfilmbasedonamemoiran9accountoftheauthorspersonalexperiencesbytheMalawianengineerWilliamKamkwamba.Asateenager，Kamkwambabuiltawindturbineforhisfamine-strickentowninMalawi，helpingtopowersmallappliancesand6eventuallyirrigatecrops.11Thoughthefilmpointstowardthattechnologicalbreakthrough，itspendsmuchofitsrunningtimedepicting(描绘)itsheroscommunityandavoidsmanyofthedamaginglanguagesthattendtoaccompanypop-culturaldescriptionofpovertyorconflictsinAfricancountries.,Thisapproachiswhatmakesthemovie，muchmoreattractivethanothersuchdocu-dramas.ChiwetelEjiofor，anEnglishactor，ismakinghis7featureappearanceasawriteranddirectortodrawattentiontoKamkwambasstorybuthesjustasfocusedondepictingtheboysfamilylifeandthedangersoffarmingintheearly2000sMalawi.FamineisntjustathingthathappenstotheKamkwambas.Itstheresultofaseriesofunpredictable8catastrophesthattrickledowntothissmallvillageandleaveitspeoplestrugglingtogrowandsellfood.Byexaminingthemanystructuralreasonsforthetownscrisis，EjioformakesKamkwambasachievementfeelbetter-earnedfromanarrative(叙述的)perspective.,TheKamkwambasarenotlackinginfood，atfirst，thoughtheydoliveharvesttoharvest.Soon，aseriesofdramaticfloods，combinedwithgovernmentunrest(动荡)，beginstotakeatollon(haveabadeffecton)theirlife.Throughitall，Williamshowshisgiftforinvention，takingapartwhatevermachineshecangethishandsonandfiguringouthowtheywork.Inonecrucial(andcleverlywritten)scene，somelocalteenagersbegWilliamtofixtheirradiosothattheycanlistentoasoccergame，andhedoes，makinguseofabatteryfromseveraldrainedpowercells.Astheradiojoltstolife，itdeliversanewsreportofplaneshittingbuildingsintheU.S.，whichservesasthefirstrealacknowledgmentofthefilmsexacttimeperiod.,Theuninterestedteensimmediatelyswitchovertothegame，butEjioforincludedthatdetailforareason.ThoughMalawiisontheothersideoftheworldfromtheU.S.，andtheKamkwambasvillageisfarfromthecountrysbiggestcity，thenegativeeffectsof9/11arefelteventhereunsettlingthegovernmentandsettingoffachainreactionthatquicklyturnsthingsterrible.MomentsliketheseaffirmEjioforsparticularskillforstorytelling.ToWilliamandhisyoungfriends，theeventbarelyregisters，butitstillhashugeconsequencesfortheirlives.,Thelatterhalfofthefilmistoughergoingthanthelight，community-orientedopening，butitsanchoredbystrongperformances.Trywell，Williamsfather，isntabaddad，butashisfamilygetshungrier，hisangertowardhisgovernment，whichwassupposedtohelphimthrive，risestothesurface.AsWilliamsmother，Magaisacalmer，steadierfigure，butherprideisdamaged，too.Shespeaksofneverwantingtobethestereotypical(老套的)family“prayingforrain”，asherancestorsdid，anddespairsasTrywellsstrategytosavethefarmbecomesalmostexactlythat.,Atacertainpoint，IstartedmentallycheckingmywatchIsntittimefortheboytostartharnessingthewind？ButEjiofordoesntwantWilliamsmassiveachievementtolookeasy.NotonlydoesWilliamneedtogatherthepracticalmaterialsneededforawindmillinanearly1abandonedtown，buthealsohastochallengehisfathersskepticismandpersuadehimtogiveupthefewpossessionshestillhas，includingabicycle，tocreatesomethingthatappearsimpossible.Itsstriking，anddeeplysad，toconsiderthatsuperficially(表面上)theonlythingkeepingWilliamstownfromstarvationwasbasicallywindpower.InEjioforshands，TheBoyWhoHarnessedtheWindbuildsrealismandcontextintobothsidesofthatstoryandmanagestobeawinningadaptationasaresult.,语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，介绍了电影驾驭风的男孩以其独特的拍摄手法展现了主人公为一个遭受饥荒的非洲小镇制造风力涡轮机的真实故事。,1.InthefilmTheBoyWhoHarnessedtheWind，aconsiderablepartisabout.A.themiserablelifeinMalawiB.theirrigationofthecropsC.thebuildingoftheturbineD.thetechnologybreakthrough,解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Thoughthefilmpointstowardthattechnologicalbreakthrough，itspendsmuchofitsrunningtimedepicting(描绘)itsheroscommunityandavoidsmanyofthedamaginglanguages”和第二段中的“buthesjustasfocusedondepictingtheboysfamilylifeandthedangersoffarmingintheearly2000sMalawi”可知，这部电影有相当一部分描绘了在马拉维的悲惨生活，故A项正确。,2.HowdoesEjioformakeKamkwambasachievementmorenoticeable?A.Byshootingthefilmintheformofstory-telling.B.Byanalyzingthereasonsforthevillagespoverty.C.Bylistingunpredictablecatastrophesattackingthevillage.D.Bystrengtheningthedifficultyingrowingandsellingthefood.,解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“hesjustasfocusedondepictingtheboysfamilylife”及“EjioformakesKamkwambasachievementfeelbetter-earnedfromanarrative(叙述的)perspective.”可知，Ejiofor的拍摄侧重于Kamkwamba的家庭生活，并且是以叙述的形式使Kamkwamba的成就更突出，即以讲故事的拍摄形式使Kamkwamba的成就更突出，故A项正确。,3.WhatisthepurposeofthesceneabouttheradioinParagraph3?A.ToreporttheterroreventintheUS.B.Torevealthesettingofthefilm.C.Tostresstheteensinterestingames.D.Toshowtheheroswillingnessofhelp.,解析推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Astheradiojoltstolife，itdeliversanewsreportofplaneshittingbuildingsintheU.S.，whichservesasthefirstrealacknowledgmentofthefilmsexacttimeperiod.”可知，文章提到收音机场景是为了揭示电影的背景，故B项正确。,4.Theunderlinedword“that”inParagraph4refersto.A.MagasprideB.TrywellsangerC.thefamilyprayingforrainD.thedespairofsavingthefarm,解析代词指代题。根据画线词前的内容可知，她从来都不想像她的祖先那样成为老套的“求雨”家庭，而当Trywell拯救农场的策略几乎变成那样的时候她感到了绝望，由此可知，that指的就是前面的prayingforrain，故C项正确。,5.ThesceneofWilliamharnessingthewindappearsquitelateinthefilmsoasto.A.buildrealismandcontextintobothsidesofthestoryB.underlinethelocalpeoplessufferingfromstarvationC.showhisfathersskepticismandreluctancetohelphimD.impressonviewersthedifficultyofmakingthemachine,解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“ButEjiofordoesntwantWilliamsmassiveachievementtolookeasy.”可知，Ejiofor不想让William的伟大成就看起来那么容易，即想要突出主人公的不容易，故D项正确。,6.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.AWindTurbineInventedbyaMalawianEngineerB.AnInspirationalTrue-storyAdaptedintoaFilmC.TheKamkwambaFamilyandTheirLifeinMalawiD.ATrueWinnerTheBoyWhoHarnessedtheWind,解析标题归纳题。根据第一段前两句可知，本文介绍了电影驾驭风的男孩以其独特的拍摄手法展现了主人公为一个遭受饥荒的非洲小镇制造风力涡轮机的真实故事，他是真正的赢家，故D项正确。,B(2019南京、盐城高三一模)Howwouldyoudescribeyourstyle？Formal？Classical？Casual？Smart？Firstofall，whatisstyle？Letshearafewwordsofwisdomfromthewise.“Styleisknowingwhoyouareandwhatyouwanttosay，”(GoreVidal)；“Styleisanexpressionof2individualismmixedwithcharm，”(JohnFairchild)；“Styleistheperfectionofapointofview，”(RobertEberhart)；“Styleisasimplewayofsayingcomplicatedthings，”(JeanCocteau)；“Styleisthedressofthoughts，”(LordChesterfield).,So，nowyouknowwhatstyleis，youllneedtobuysomeclothes.Butwhere？IntheUK，youcangetreallycheap，stylish，second-handclothesat3charityshops.Theyregreatifyouwantexclusivelabelsbutdontwanttopaytheprice.Theonlydifficultyisdiscoveringwherethereallygood4bargainsare.Butdontworry，LeilaGraycanhelpyouhere.ShestheproudownerofavintageHardyAmiescoat，pickedupatacharityshopfor20agooddealwhenyourealizeitcostmorethan800new.“Youhavetogotothericherareasofacity，”shesays.“Thatswhereallthelabelsare.Itcantakeabitofhuntingaround，butthatishalfthefun，andtheresalotofburiedtreasurejustwaitingtobediscovered.”,So，nowyouknowwheretobuyyournew，stylishclothes，howdoyouacquireyourstyle？Expertssaythatmixingandmatchingfromcharityshopscanhelpyoufindyourownstylesomethingthatsreallyyou.ThatswhatScottishmusicianMomusdid.“Myfashion10tipisthis，”hesays，“Lookatyourselfwiththeeyeofagraphicdesigner.Ifyoucantbeattractive，aimforinterestingororiginal.”Momusuniquestylecouldevenmakehimhappier，too.AspsychologistMarilynEliasexplains，thehappiestpeople“judgethemselvesbytheirownyardsticks，neveragainstwhatothersdoorhave”.,ShoichiAoki，thefounderofJapanesestreetstylemagazineFRUiTS，agrees.“12Ithinkrealfashioniswhatpeoplewearonthestreets，theclothesthattheywear，thewaythattheywearthem，”hesays.“Whatyouseeinfashionmagazinesandonmodelshasbeenstyledanditsmorecommercial.”HesaysthathisinspirationforFRUiTScamefrompeople5combiningtraditionalJapaneseclothingsuchasthekimonoand“geta”(Japanesewoodenclogs)withWesternfashion.“Thisreallycaughtmyeye，”Aokiadds.Thesestylesmayseemwild，butAokisideaisnot：bebold，becreativeandfindsomethingthatsuitsyou.,Maybeitstimetocreateyourownlook.Therearemanyonlineguidestohelpyou.PerhapsthebestadvicecomesfromawebsitecalledwikiHow，“Ifyouseesomethingyoulike，”itsays，“feelfreetocopy，butdontmakeyourselfaclone.mixitupandmakeityours.”Thinkaboutit!,语篇解读本文为一篇议论文。文章讲述的是什么是风格时尚以及如何实现自己的风格时尚。,7.Whatshouldyoufirstdotochoosethestylethatbestsuitsyou?A.Followtheimagesofthewisepeople.B.Goforwhateverisfashionable.C.Simplifycomplicatedexpressions.D.Figureoutwhatatruestyleis.,解析推理判断题。由第一段中“Howwouldyoudescribeyourstyle？Formal？Classical？Casual？Smart？Firstofall，whatisstyle？”提出的设问可知，要选择适合自己的风格，首先要弄明白究竟什么是真正的“style”，故选D。,8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph2referto?A.Gettingclothesofleadingbrands.B.Buyingclothesatratherlowprices.C.Searchingforreallygoodbargains.D.Startingacharityshopsellingclothes.,解析代词指代题。that通常指代上文提到的事物，根据第二段中的“IntheUK，youcangetreallycheap，stylish，second-handclothesatcharityshops.Theyregreatifyouwantexclusivelabelsbutdontwanttopaytheprice.”及画线词前的“Itcantakeabitofhuntingaround”可知，that指代上文中的“寻找真正物美价廉的商品”。故选C。,9.WhatisthefocusofShoichiAokiandhismagazineFRUiTS?A.Commercializationoffashionmagazines.B.Expressionofsomethingpersonalandcreative.C.Designingfashionablewearformeninthestreet.D.PromotingJapanesetraditionalclothingworldwide.,解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“HesaysthathisinspirationforFRUiTS.Thesestylesmayseemwild，butAokisideaisnot：bebold，becreativeandfindsomethingthatsuitsyou.”可知，答案为B。,10.Whatisprobablythebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowtoFindtheStyleThatSuitsYouB.WheretoPickUpaBargainC.WhattoWeartoDevelopYourStyleD.WhomtoModeltoBePopular,解析标题归纳题。本文从设问“你怎样描述你的风格？”和“首先，什么是风格？”开始，探讨了如何找到适合自己的风格，故选A。,做完以上两篇阅读后，巧妙运用语境，解决障碍词和长难句,素材提炼再拓展,.障碍词汇突破(一)阅读下列句子，并根据句意猜测画线部分的意思1.Rescuersabandonedallhopeoffindinganymoresurvivors._2.Inthecontemporarywesternworld，rapidlychangingstylescatertoadesirefornoveltyandindividualism._3.Manycharitiessentmoneytohelpthevictimsofthefamine._4.Hemadeabargainwithhiswife，“YoutakecareofthechildrenandIllcook.”_5.LikehermotherMarieCurie，Irenecombinedfamilyandcareer._,放弃,个性,慈善机构,条件，协议,兼顾,(二)同义词语替换6.Eventually，herownpublishingfirmwassetup._7.AnimportantfeatureofVanGoghspaintingsistheirbrightcolours._8.Earlywarningsofrisingwaterlevelspreventedanothermajorcatastrophe._,Finally/Atlast/Intheend,characteristic/character,disaster,(三)一词多义9.accountv.占比例；解释的原因；是的原因n.账目；账户；账号；叙述；报道；描写(1)Theapplicationofnewtechnologiesandw