高一英语寒假专题——重点单词短语回顾外研社知识精讲

高一英语寒假专题重点单词短语回顾外研社 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： 寒假专题重点单词短语回顾 词条 1realize v.了解，认识到；实现 拓展realize 后可接名词和宾语从句。realization n.实现 reality n.事 实；真实 realistic adj.现实主义的；现实的 realizable adj.可实现的 例句He didnt realize his mistakes. 词条 2destroy v. 破坏，毁坏 拓展destroyer n.破坏者；驱逐舰 damage a live dog is better off than a dead lion. 的确，任何人只要与活着 的人在一起就还会有一丝生的希望。所以，比起死了的狮子,活着的狗要好得多。 词条 6attitude n.态度；看法 attitude 常与介词 to / towards 连用。 拓展opinion n.常与介词 of / on / about 连用。idea n.常与介词 on / about 连用。 例句 （1） Her attitude towards him has changed. （2） He asked his fathers opinion / idea about his plans. 词条 7feed v.喂养,饲养 拓展feed on 动物以为生 live on 意为“人以为食，以为 生” ，也可以指“动物以为食” 。如： The people in the south live on rice, while the people in the north live on wheat. 词条 8offer v. observe + n./ pron.+ doing sth / do sth; observe + that . 拓展observation n.观测 observer n.观测者 observing adj.注意的；留 心的 例句Did you observe anything special in his behavior? 词条 14found v.建立，创立 拓展founder n.创始人，奠基者 foundation n.基础，根基同义词： build, construct, establish 例句We are planning to found a hospital.我们计划建立一所医院。 词条 15belief n.信念；信条 拓展believe v.相信 believe in sb 信任某人； believe in sth 相信某物的存在 believe sb 相信某人说的话； believe sth 相信某事（物）是真的 例句He stated his belief that failure is the mother of success. 他坚信失败是成功之母。 He is a man to believe in.他是一个可以信赖的人。 I believe the news to be true.我相信这消息是真的。 短语 1fall asleep 入睡 拓展be asleep fall behind, be behind 等。 短语 2add.to 往加入 拓展add . to we shall have to divide it into eight groups for oral practice. 2. separate 意为“分开；脱离” ，指把原来连在一起或靠近的分割开来，常与 from 连用，构成 separate . from .。如： The two children separated at the end of the road. She separated the big eggs from the small ones. 练习1. The birthday cake is _ six pieces. A. divided B. divided intoC. separated from D. separated 2. The electrician _ the broken wire from the others. A. separated B. dividedC. was separated D. was divided 3. As we joined the big crowd I got _ from my friend. A. separated B. dividedC. lost D. missed Keys：1. B 2. A 3. A 短语 19as a result has B. As a result; have C. Because of; have D. Because; has Keys：C A 短语 20for example the B. the; aC. a; aD. the; the 2. _ only 20 minutes to go before the train left, I felt uneasy in the taxi to the railway station. A. For B. As C. Because D. With 3. It is in Qingdao _ youre going to pay a visit to _ this kind of washing machine is produced. A. /; that B. where; which C. /; where D. that; which 4. She had no idea _ Main Street was like, except _ it was Market Street. A. what; whatB. what; thatC. that; that D. that; what 5. What way are you thinking of _ rid of the flies? A. to get B. getting C. being gotD. to be getting 6. Iraq was conquered in the end, but the country had tried _ in fighting against US-Britain troops. A. so many as B. so much as C. as many D. so much 7. - Jack fell off the ladder yesterday. Hes all right now. - He is a lucky dog. He _ himself badly. A. injured B. has injured C. might injure D. could have injured 8. - Can I help you? - Id like to buy a present for my fathers birthday, _ at a proper price, but of great value. A. whichB. that C. oneD. any one 9. If the South had won the war, _ is now the United States might have been divided into several countries. A. where B. it C. thereD. what 10. - You didnt go to the party last night, did you? - I do wish I _ there. A. was B. wereC. had beenD. went 11. - Are you returning to your hometown this winter holiday? - Yes. By the way, have you any message _ to your family? A. taken B. to take C. to be taken D. taking 12. So difficult _ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English well. A. I have felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel 13. What would have happened _, as far as the riverbank? A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther C. had Bob walked fartherD. if Bob walked farther 14. Shining down out of the blue sky, _. A. they were burnt by the fierce sunB. the sun burnt their pale skins C. their pale skins were burnt by the sunD. and the sun burnt their cheeks fiercely 15. - Would you please tell us the prospect of fighting against SARS? - We are sure to win the battle, but _ itll be over soon Im not sure at the moment. A. whetherB. thatC. ifD. when 二、完形填空 The best advice young men and women can hear is “Go West”. Those who 1 to make their fortune or, at the very 2 , find good jobs have a better chance of doing so in Chinas western provinces 3 in the increasingly crowded eastern cities. Along the eastern coast, cities are 4 with newcomers looking for work. They seek 5 from the lowest- level unskilled jobs to the instant-millionaire Internet chance of lifetime. 6 have found the latter, and fewer ever 7 . Some 160 years ago, young men and women moved 8 into New York, Philadelphia, Boston the United States equivalent（相等的） of Chinas Shanghai, Guangzhou and Beijing. All of these young people were 9 for work, for riches, for fame. Few found any of them. The 10 joined the masses working hard at lowlevel jobs 11 to support themselves and their 12 . Horace Greeley, a wellknown American newspaper editor（编辑） of the period had 13 advice for those seeking work,” Do not, Greeley said,“ 14 in the cities! There is room and health in the country, away from the 15 of idlers（闲散者） and imbeciles（fools）.Go West In the mid19th century, when Greeley called 16 people to go west, America was just to develop its western regions 17 as China today. Out west, the unemployed could find jobs. One thing more should be 18 to Horace Greeleys advice to the youth of his time： Go westbut go 19 . What are you 20 for? 1. A. hate B. hopeC. doubt D. refuse 2. A. point B. moment C. most D. least 3. A. as well as B. besidesC. than D. except 4. A. living B. filled C. reducing D. satisfied 5. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 6. A. FewB. All C. ManyD. None 7. A. do B. will C. did D. could 8. A. slowly B. suddenlyC. especiallyD. continuously 9. A. waiting B. meaningC. searchingD. leaving 10. A. rich B. poor C. restD. luck 11. A. consideringB. managingC. trying D. preferring 12. A. families B. wivesC. parents D. children 13. A. right B. sound C. further D. new 14. A. belong toB. fall asleep C. stand about D. have a walk 15. A. crowds B. groupsC. teams D. couples 16. A. at B. on C. forD. out 17. A. different B. difficultC. much D. little 18. A. metioned B. told C. increasedD. added 19. A. well-known B. well-meant C. well-trained D. well-founded 20. A. looking B. begging C. headingD. waiting 三、阅读理解 （A） Outdoor Survival Provides Adventure Worldwide Although there are no state controlled survival courses in Britain or the United States, there are various independent organizations offering similar activities. Students can participate （take part） in outdoor training courses through university clubs and societies. Anyone can register with such groups, which then organize courses, training and trips for all members. One of the most popular outdoor training programmes in both the US and Britain, is Outward Bound （户外训练）. It was founded in 1941 in Wales and attracts hundreds of thousands of adventurous types every year. The courses are intended to broaden minds through experiences that build confidence, self-esteem （自尊） and character. As well as specialist courses such as canoeing, leadership skills and sailing, participants can take part in week long adventure training camps which include a host of sports and survival training education skills. Michael Williams, an American student, took part in an Outward Bound course last year. He said： “We learned lots of first aid skills, lots of natural history, lots of environmental facts, and participated in a wildlife preservation programme. Beyond that, my favorite skills learned were sailing and rock climbing.” Courses can last up to 40 days and are open to anyone over the age of 14. Students must be in general good health, but do not need to be experienced in outdoor-sports. There is no selection process; everyone is welcome, although new participants are advised to pick a course matching their physical capacity. Most of the British courses take place in the Brecon Beacons in Wales. Another similar organization is the UK Survival School, which includes courses on learning to live with the environment, sailing and winter survival. On a basic survival weekend students will learn how to get water and food, how to make fire and cook with it ,to find and build a shelter, control survival life support, how to cross rivers, send off a distress signal, and to use compasses by day and night. According to the leaders, such adventures are “an awakening, an exploration into the unknown.” Outward Bound believes that participants will “use mind and body traveling some of the Earths roughest wilderness areas.” 1. In Britain and the United States, survival courses are popular with _. A. old peopleB. young peopleC. dangerous people D. weak people 2. The advantage of the training courses is that_. A. participants can make friends with others B. participants can visit some places of interest C. participants can experience different adventures D. participants can learn how wonderful nature is 3. In an Outward Bound course last year, the most exciting experience Michael Williams had was _. A. learning first aid skills B. collecting facts of environment C. rock climbing and sailing D. preserving wildlife 4. Whats the writers purpose to write this passage? A. To persuade readers to take part in the training courses. B. To tell readers the danger of this training course. C. To introduce the wonders of the world to readers. D. To introduce the training course to readers. （B） George Markov was a famous writer in Bulgaria. In 1969, he suspected that he was going to be put into prison or killed because one of his plays was regarded as being an attack on the leaders of Bulgaria. Markov managed to reach England and got a job with the BBC, preparing broadcast in Bulgarian. Some of the BBC broadcasts were critical of life in Bulgaria. Perhaps as a result of this, Markov received an anonymous telephone call warning him that he would be killed. In September 1978, Markov stopped his car in London and started to walk to his office. When he was passing a bus line, a man in the line appeared to drop his umbrella. Markov felt a sudden pain in the leg. When Markov reached his office, he spoke about the accident to a friend. A few hours later, he began to feel ill. He was sent to hospital and died four days later. The doctor examined his body, and they were puzzled about the cause of his death. Scientists were asked to help and they found a tiny metal pellet in Markovs leg. There were two tiny holes in the pellet, and scientists believed that there had been an unknown poison in them. A few weeks before Markov was “shot” with poisonous pellet fired from an umbrella, another Bulgarian had the same experience in France. Towards the end of August 178, Kostov felt a sharp pain in the back when he was leaving a railwa