2020届高三英语一轮复习讲义：Module3 unit4 Astronomythe science of the stars

2020;2020届高三英语一轮复习讲义Module3 unit4 Astronomy:the science of the stars高考解读【高考导航】2020;2020高考命题趋向分析：1.spread用作及物动词和不及物动词的用法是学生易混淆的考点之一。当spread用作及物动词时，是指摊开、展开；而作不及物动词时，指蔓延、传播。此考点仍可能是2020;2020年高考命题的侧重点2.method为新课标重点词汇，是历年高考中的常考词汇，其测试点常常在于单项填空。通常考查它和另外两者的辨析：way/means。此考点在2020;2020年高考命题中仍会是考查的重点3. in time这个短语有两层含义：一是指，及时；二是指，最终，中就会，迟早会。以及其它的许多的与time相关的短语的辨析和应用，也应该是2020;2020复习备考的重点4 now that引导的原因状语从句是近几年高考中经常关注的重点。它多放在句首，that还可以省略掉。它和since引导的原因状语从句的考察仍然会是2020;2020高考的重点5. be +to do 表将来的用法，在高考题的单选中多有考察。在备考时，要了解全面它的用法6break out 作为发生这一含义和take place/ happen/ occur/ come about 的辨析，以及与break相关的短语都应作为重点复习7。主语从句。各种名词性的从句在高考题 的单选中一定会出现，所以，复习时，要认真地备考【真题品析】（2020;2020重庆）33.The fact has worried many scientists _ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.A.what B.which C.that D.though【答案】C.考察名词性从句。【点拨】that 是个同位于从句(2020;2020江苏)30.It is reported that the police will soon _ the case of two missing children.A.look upon B.look after C.look into D.look out【答案】C.考察动词短语。【点拨】look into 调查。（2020;2020重庆）34.The government plans to bring in new laws _ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.A.forced B.forcing C.to be forced D.having forced【答案】B.考察分词做定语。【点拨】-采用强迫父母为孩子的教育承担责任的法律。所以，是主动（08江西卷）22. My English teachers humor was _ make every student burst into laughter.A. so as to B. such as toC. such that D. so that【答案】B 词句辨析。按照句意排除法去做【点拨】按照句意辨析短语。（09陕西）8. Form their _ on the top of the TV Tower, visitors can have a better view of the city.A. stage B. position C. condition D. situation【答案】B 名词词义辨析；stage：舞台，时期，阶段；position：位置；condition：条件，情况；situation：形式，情况；情景；根据空前的物主代词their可以推断出此处选B。题干意思是：从他们在电视塔顶部的位置，游客们可以更好地看到这个城市的景色【点拨】准确掌握名词意思，按照句意逐一排除（09湖北）12. Would you please _ the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes?A. look around B. look into C. look up D. look through【答案】D 动词短语。该句意思是“请你为我检查一下文章看是否有明显错误”。look through可表示“检查，浏览”之意。look around“环顾”，look into“调查”，look up“抬头看，查阅”。【点拨】准确把握动词短语，按照句意逐一排除（09江西）6. It was _ he came bank from Africa that wear _ he met the girl he would like to marry.A. when; then B. not; until C. not until; that D. only; when【答案】C 强调句型。根据It is that 结构可知。【点拨】正确把握强调句式知识网络【考点概览】1、重点单词（1）spread vt&vi 传播、蔓延、涂抹、展开-（2）float vt.&vi 漂浮。（3）force vt. 强迫、迫使。（4）publish vt. 出版、发行。（5）disppoint vt. 使-失望。（6）violent adj 猛烈的，激烈的(7)surface n/adj 表面，外表，水面。表面的，肤浅的(8)harmful adj 有害的，伤害的(9)development n. 发展( 10)method n. 方法2、重点短语（1）in time 及时，总有一天。（2）prevent -from- 阻止（3）depend on 依赖，依靠（4）cheer up 感到高兴，感到振奋（5）now that 既然，由于（6）get the hang of 熟悉；掌握；理解（7）break out 突然爆发3、重点句型（1）-which were to make the earths atmosphere.（2）Walking does need a bit of practice now that the gravity has changed.4、语法知识主语从句课时复习方案Module3unit4 第一课时1、重点词汇考点一 spread【基础过关】spread 动词。意思为：展开、铺开、散布、扩大、延伸。The bird spread its wings.那只鸟展开了翅膀Filies spread disease.苍蝇传播疾病。【拓展延伸】spread sth.with sth. 用-抹、涂、铺-He spreaded the bread with butter.他把黄油抹在面包上。spread A on B 把-抹、涂、铺 在-He spreaded butter on the bread. 他把黄油抹在面包上spread like wildfine 快速传开、蔓延The disease spreaded like wildfine.这种病快速传开【典型例题】Paper making began in China and _to Europe.A. spread B. grew C. carried D. developed【答案】A。造纸术起源于中国，又传播到了欧洲。Spread，传播【点拨】近义词的辨析考点二 harmful【基础过关】harmful 形容词。有害的be harmful to 对-有害的The air here is harmful to our health.这里的空气对我们有害【拓展延伸】do harm to 对-构成伤害The bad habit will do harme to you .=The bad habit will do you harm.这个坏习惯将会对你有害【典型例题】Pollution is especially harmful _animals.A. to B. for C. in D.with【答案】D 考查固定词组。【点拨】be harmful to 对-造成伤害考点三 method【基础过关】method 名词。方法He has introduced a new method of teaching.他引进了一种新的教学方法。What is the most effective method of birth control?控制出生率的最有效的方法是什么？【拓展延伸】用这种方法的几种表达方式：by this means用这种方法I worked out the problem by this means.我用这种方法解出了这道题in this wayYou cant do it in this way. 你不能用这种方法做with this methodI worked out the problem with this method.我用这种方法解出了这道题【典型例题】Every possible means _tried.A.has been B. have been C. is D. are【答案】A.考察该单词的单复数问题【点拨】means 的单复数同形，关键是看它前面的修饰限定词考点四 exist【基础过关】exist 不及物动词，存在Man cant live without air.没有空气，人类无法生存【拓展延伸】There exist-=There is- 有-表存在There exist a high tower in the city. 这个城市里有一个高塔exist on=live on靠-生存They exist on very little food. 他们靠及少的食物生存extinct=die out 消失，灭绝Many animals has extincted. 很多动物灭绝了【典型例题】_exist a river in my hometown.A.There B. It C.The D. We【答案】A.考察固定的句式【点拨】There exist-表示存在，有-考点五 force【基础过关】force 名词，力、力量、武力。动词，强迫，强加He forced the door open with all his force. 他用尽全力推开那扇门He took the money by force. 他强夺了那笔钱We forced the enemy back to the boder. 我们迫使敌人退回到边境【拓展延伸】force sb to do sth=force sb into doing 强迫某人做-They forced him to signed the paper. 他们强迫他签了文件force sth on sb 把-强加在某人身上Dont force your idea on me. 别把你的观点强加与我【典型例题】The door was forced _.A.to be open B. open C. being open D.to be opened【答案】B考查单词的句式结构【点拨】force-open把-撞开考点六 depend on/upon【基础过关】depend on 取决于、依赖、信赖Health depends on food. 健康取决于食物Children depend on their parents for food and clothes.孩子靠父母获得衣食【拓展延伸】depend on sb to do sth=depend on sbs doing sth. 相信某人会做-，指望某人能做-You can depend on me to go there with you .你相信我会和你一起去那里的depend on it that- 相信-指望-You can depend on it that he will help us. 你要相信他会帮我们的It (all) depends.=That (all)depends. 很难说，看情况-Will you come back this afternoon? 你下午回来吗？-It all depends. 说不准【典型例题】You may depend on _that Alice will do the job well.A. her B. it C. this D. everything.【答案】C 考查动词短语的固定句式【点拨】记忆这些固定的句式考点七 in time【基础过关】in time 及时；早晚会-。The doctor came in time to save the boy. 医生及时赶来救了那个孩子You will succeed in time. 你迟早会成功的【拓展延伸】in no time 立刻、马上。I jumped into the river in no time.我立刻跳到了水中at any time 随时You can ask for help at any time. 你可以随时寻求帮助at one time 曾经I lost myself at one time.曾经一度我迷失了我自己at times 有时At times I go to the playground to run. 有时我去操场跑步of the time 当代的。He is the greast musician of the time.他是当代最伟大的音乐家【典型例题】He will see what is right_.A. in time B. on time C. at time D. at once.【答案】A 考查介词短语的词义。【点拨】按照句意，区分词义即可。考点八 break out【基础过关】break outThe fire broke out at midnight.半夜起火【拓展延伸】come about 发生，相当与happen, take place。后面不可以给宾语，也不可以使用被动语态。How did it come about that you got lost?你怎么会迷路了哪？happen 强调偶然发生take place 指按计划、按安排发生break out 多用于指战争、火灾、疾病、疫情的突然爆发occur 常用于句式： sth occurs to sb以上这些单词和短语的主语都不可以是人，也不可以用于被动语态【典型例题】How did it _that you failed in the exam.A. come about B. occur C. take place D. break out【答案】A。【点拨】近义词的固定句式的用法2.重点句型考点九 -which was to make the earths atmosphere.【基础过关】be +to doThe line is to be opened to traffic on National Day. 这条铁路线将于国庆节开通【拓展延伸】这一结构还有如下的用法：（1）表示命令，意思为：必须，不得不You are to do your homwork before dark.（2）表示可能性，相当于 ，多用于否定句和疑问句How am I to know what become of him?（3）表示假设Certain skills must be learned if one is to use English well.（4）表示目的The gouse is to be let or sold.（5）表示命中注定The discovery is to have a major effect on the treatment of the heart disease.【典型例题】The flower will grow better if they _regularly.A. are to be watered B will be watered C.will water D. will be water【答案】A 考查此句型的语态【点拨】条件状语从句要用一般时代替将来时。所以，后面的三项都不用考虑考点十 Walking does a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.【基础过关】now that 既然、由于。引导原因状语从句。that可以省略Now that you have mentioned it ,I will keep it in mind.Now (that)you aregrown up,you should have your own stand.【拓展延伸】seeing that 鉴于，引导原因状语从句Seeing that you have a lot of money, you lend some. 既然你有很多钱，借给我些。since。既然，引导原因状语从句，放句首Since everyone is here ,we will begain the meeting.既然大家都来了，我们开始开会【典型例题】_your fathet has bought a new bike for you, it is no use going to the shop to buy another one.A. Although B. Now that C.After all D.Bcause【答案】B 考查原因状语从句结构【点拨】now that 引导原因状语从句【实战演练】1. If you keep on , you ll succeed _.A. in time B. at one time C. at the same time D. on time、2_, I have never seen anyone whos as capable as John.A. As long as I have traveled B. Now that I have traveled so muchC. Much as I have traveled D. As I have traveled so much3. _ I admit that the problems are difficult, I dont agree that they cannot be solved.A. Since B. As C. Even though D. Because4He will have learned English for eight years by the time he _from the university next year.A. will graduate B. will have graduatedC. graduates D. is to graduate n me.5. Mary felt both unprepared and nervous about the interview which she _ next day.A. was about to face B. is going to face C. will face D. was to face6. If a man _ succeed, he must work as hard as he can.A. will B. is to C. is going to D. should7. Please help me with my maths when you _ time.A. have B. will have C. are going to have D. are to have8I know nothing about the young lady _ She is from Beijing.A. except B. except for C. except that D. besides9I dont think Ill need any money but Ill bring some _.A. at last B. in case C. once again D. in time10 I _have no money on me.A. happened B. happened to C. happened to be D. happened that翻译句子1、既然你已经知道这事了，我不想再谈了2、参观者必须需四点离开公园3、抽烟有害健康4、他被迫放弃了自己的梦想5、我们要相信形势会好转6、这里以前有棵树(参考答案)1-5 ACCCD 6-10 BACBC翻译句子1.Now that you have already know the matter, I dodnt want to talk it.2.Visitors are to leave the park at 4.3.Somking is harmful to health.4.He was forced to give up his dream.5.We should depend on it that the things will be better.6.There used to exist a tree.Modu le3unit4 第二课时【基础过关】1定义：主语从句：在复合句中充当主语的句子叫主语从句例如：Howhewassuccessfulisstillapuzzle.他是如何成功的仍然是个谜。2.连接词的选用（1）that和what的选用that和what都可引导主语从句。what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当某些成分，可作从句的主语、宾语或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，无词义，只起连接词作用如：Whathewantsisabook.他想要的是一本书Thatlighttravelsinstraightlinesisknowntoall.众所周知，光线沿直线运行（2）if和whether的选用引导主语从句，不能用if，只能用whether。如：Whetherwewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.我们明天是否在户外开晚会要看天气而定（3）其它连接代词和副词的选用根据主语从句的具体意义，正确的选择who,which,when,where,why,how等连接词，这些连接词既有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分如：Whenweshallholdoursportsmeetisnotdecided.我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。Whobroketheglassyesterdayisnotclear.还不清楚昨天谁打破了玻璃Whichcaryouwillchoosetobuymakesnodifference.你决定买哪一辆车都不会有任何区别（4）whatever/whoever的功用whatever,whoever在主语从句中不含疑问意义。它引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。whatever=anythingthat;whoever=anyonewho。要注意和whatever,whoever引导的让步状语从句的区别如：Whoeverbreaksthelawshouldbepunished.（主语从句）（Anyonewhobreaksthelawshouldbepunished.）Whoeverbreaksthelaw,heshouldbepunished.（让步状语从句）（Nomatterwhobreaksthelaw,heshouldbepunished.）3.it构成的主语从句（1）由连词that引导的主语从句，在大多数情况下会放到句子的后面，而用代词it作形式主语。如：Itiswell-knownthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。【拓展延伸】需要注意的是，it作形式主语代替主语从句时，要注意和as引导的定语从句的区别。试比较：ItwasreportedthattheUSwasundertheterroristattack.（主语从句，有that，无逗号）Aswasreported,theUSwasundertheterroristattack.（定语从句，无that，有逗号）上两句意为“据报道，美国遭到恐怖分子的袭击”（2）常见用it作形式主语的复合句结构Itisafact（agoodidea/apity/ashame/nowonder/goodnews）that如：It”sapitythatyoumissedthefilm.你没有看那部电影真是太遗憾了Itisnecessary（clear/true/strange/important/wonderful/possible/likely）that需要注意的是，这类主语从句中，谓语动词很多为“（should）动词原形”，即要用虚拟语气如：Itisnecessarythatyou（should）masterthecomputer.你很有必要掌握电脑ItisimportantthatastudentlearnEnglishwell.学生学好英语很重要Itsclearthattheybadlyneedhelp.很明显，他们急需援助Itislikelythatahurricanewillarrivesoon.飓风很可能马上就要到达了。Itisreported（well-known/hoped/thought/expected/said/believed/decided/suggested/ordered）that如：Itissaidthathewaskilledintheearthquake.据说他在地震中丧生了Itseems（happened/appears/doesn”tmatter/makesnodifference/）that如：Itseemsthattheywillwinthegame.看起来他们好像会赢得这场比赛Itmakesnodifferencewhetherhewillattendthemeetingornot.【典型例题】1、_ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.A. What is requiredB. What requiresC. It is requiredD. It requires【答案】C。【点拨】本句的结构为It is +动词的过去分词+that 引导主语从句。经常用于这种结构的动词还有say, report, think, hope, expect, consider, suggest等2._made the school proud was_ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.A. What; because B. What; that C. That; what D.That; because【答案】B。【点拨】what引导主语从句，在主语从句中作主语；that引导表语从句，在表语从句中起连接作用3、_she couldnt understand was _fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A. What.why B. That.what C. What.because D. Why.that【答案】A。【点拨】主语从句she couldnt understand缺少宾语，要用What引导。表语从句fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons是一个完整的句子，要用why引导，意思是“为什么越来越少的学生对她的课感兴趣”【实战演练】1. _ the 2020;2020 Olympic Games will be held in Paris is not known yetA. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That2. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey.A. while B. that C. if D. for3._ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A. There B. This C. That D. It4.The whole family were worried about Jane because no one was aware _she had gone .A. that where B. of the place which C. of what D. of where5._ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter6._ you have done might do harm to other people.A. That B. What C. Which D. This7._ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A. Anyone B. The reason C. Whoever D. Who8._ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.A. What B. That C. How D. Where9._ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever10.The question remains _the Party can win the majority of the people .A. that B. if C. whether D. /(参考答案)1-5CBDDA 6-10BCADCModule3unit4单元测试题第一部分 听力（共三节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍1. Where is the mans mother now?A. At home. B. In a hospital C. In her office2. What will the woman do on Friday?A. Go on a tour with the man.B. Take an examination.C. Study at home.3. What will the woman probably do?A. Call a repairman soon.B. Ask the man to fix her fridge.C. Wait to see if the problem will disappear.4. What do we know about the man?A. He likes his job very much.B. He will not give up his job.C. He has a large family to support.5. How will the guests go to New York?A. By train. B. By taxi. C. By plane.第二节 （共12小题，满分18分）听下面4段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项，听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6. What is Laura doing?A. Waiting for her father.B. Having her bicycle repaired.C. Working at the bicycle shop.7. Why does John want to buy a bicycle?A. To tour on a bicycle.B. To begin bicycling to work.C. To train for a bicycle race.听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题8. How long does the man often sleep at night?A. 3 hours.B. 5 hours.C. 7 hours.9. What is the main cause of the mans feeling bad?A. Too little exercise.B. Much worry about work.C. Strong desire for a better job.10. What does the woman give to the man?A. A new job.B. Medicine for sleep.C. Some advice.听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题11. What are the two speakers?A. First-year students. B. University teachers. C. Travel agents.12. Where did the woman go for her holidays last year?A. The mountain. B. The desert.C. The seaside.13. What will the two speakers probably do next?A. Finish their course work.B. Buy something for their trip.C. Surf the Internet.听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题14. What is the relationship between the two speakers?A. Manager and secretary. B. Husband and wife. C. Waitress and customer.15. Why wont the man give the woman the detail of the call?A. It is too long a story. B. It is something dull. C. It is about his business.16. How does the man feel?A. Worried. B. Sad. C. Tired.17. What will the man mostly probably do next?A. Ring his friends B. Continue to wait