2020届高考英语二轮专题复习 语法五、反意疑问句和省略

2020;2020届高考英语二轮专题复习精品语法五、反意疑问句和省略诊断与对策.选择括号内的词填空1.In our study，higherperforming companies with strategic speed always made changes when_(itnecessary/necessary).2.The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise，if _ (carrying out/carried out) regularly，can improve our health.3.Her parents wouldnt allow her to go to the party，but she still _ (hopes so/hopes to).4.He never cleans the room.It is unfair，_ (is it/isnt it)?5.He must have come here yesterday，_ (hasnt he/didnt he)?.单项填空1.If you talk nicely and politely，people listen to you.Ifyou shout，this is no good，_.A.do you B.dont you C.is it D.isnt it解析句意为：如果你亲切友好地谈，大家都会听你的；但如果你大喊大叫，就不是很好，是不是？反意疑问句中陈述部分有否定词no，附加疑问句用肯定形式；陈述部分的主语是this，附加疑问部分主语用it。2.He must be helping the old man to water the flowers，_？A.is he B.isnt he C.must he D.mustnt he解析句意为：他一定正在帮助那个老人浇花，是吗？陈述部分有表示推测的must，附加疑问部分的动词与must后的动词形式一致；根据题干中的be helping判断用isnt he。3.When youve finished with that book，dont forget to put it back on the shelf，_？A.do you B.dont you C.will you D.wont you解析句意为：你读完那本书后，别忘记把它放回架子上，好吗？否定祈使句后的附加问句应用will you来构成，故C项正确。4.Have you got any plans for the coming birthday?Yes._，Im going to try bungee jumping.A.If not B.If busy C.If anything D.If possible解析句意为：你对你马上到来的生日有什么计划吗？有的。如果可能的话，我打算去试一下蹦极跳。A“如果不”；“B如果忙”；C“若有区别”；D项相当于If it is possible(如果可能的话)。5.I dont think Ill be able to go mountainclimbing tomorrow._？A.And how B.How come C.How is it going D.How about it解析句意为：我认为明天我不能去爬山了。怎么会呢？How come？固定句式，意为“怎么会发生呢？”。备考策略1.掌握反意疑问句的构成规则，还应注意一些特殊情况下反意疑问句的构成。2.明确省略的条件和省略句的构成，尤其是状语从句省略为“连词非谓语动词”时，一定要分清主语与非谓语动词的逻辑关系。考点与考题考点一含有表推测的情态动词的反意疑问句如果陈述部分含有表“推测”的情态动词，那么在构成反意疑问句时，可将陈述部分改为没有情态动词的句子，其疑问部分就是含有情态动词的反意疑问句。根据下列括号内的部分就可以完成反意疑问句。It cant be Tom (It isnt Tom)，is it?He must be doing his homework now (He is doing his homework now)，isnt he?He must have finished his work (He has finished his work)，hasnt he?He must have finished his work last night (He finished his work last night)，didnt he?He must have finished his work by the end of last week (He had finished his work by the end of last week)，hadnt he?考题印证1.He must have learned 3,000 words by the end of last term，_？A.mustnt he B.hasnt he C.hadnt he D.didnt he解析将原句中的情态动词去掉，句子为He had learned 3,000 words by the end of last term.，故答案为C。2.Tom cant have known the truth，_？A.can he B.have he C.has he D.does he解析将情态动词去掉，原句可改为Tom hasnt known the truth.，故答案为C。考点二几种特殊的反意疑问句1.如果主句谓语动词是think，suppose，believe，imagine，expect等且主语是第一人称时，反意疑问部分要与宾语从句的人称和动词取得一致。We dont suppose that the news is true，is it? 我们认为那个消息不真实，是吗？2.如果陈述部分是祈使句，疑问部分常用will you，有时可用can you。但如果陈述部分Lets do.，疑问部分用shall we。Let us go home，will you？ 请让我们回家，好吗？Lets go home，shall we？ 咱们回家，好吗？3.当陈述部分谓语中含有used to时，疑问部分可用didnt或usednt。He used to get up early，usednt/didnt he? 他过去起床早，不是吗？4.如果陈述句含有带有否定前缀(un，il等)或否定后缀(less等)的词，并没有使此句变为否定句，故疑问部分仍用否定形式。The man is careless，is he？(改错)The man is careless，isnt he?5.注意以下几个句子的疑问部分：I wish to go home now，may I?He hasnt any sisters，has he/does he?Im very busy，arent I?How you will handle the matter is for you to decide，isnt it?He is a student and he studies hard，doesnt he？考题印证1.I dont suppose anyone will volunteer，_？A.do I B.dont I C.will they D.wont they解析句意为：我认为不会有人自愿，是不是？当陈述部分是“I dont think/suppose宾语从句”结构时，附加问句的主语与动词与从句一致且用肯定形式。2.Ilyumzhinow used to see aliens appear in a transparent tube on the balcony of his apartment in Moscow，_？A.didnt he B.used he C.didnt it D.usednt it解析句意为：伊柳姆日诺曾经看到过外星人搭乘一艘透明的太空船出现在他莫斯科公寓的阳台上，是吗？陈述句中含有情态动词used to，附加问句用didnt或usednt，且主语是人，故选A。3.Mum，please let us，Mary and me，go to Jacks birthday party tomorrow, _？A.can you B.will you C.shall we D.may we解析句意为：妈妈，请允许我们，我和玛丽明天去参加杰克的生日宴会，好吗？本句为祈使句的反意疑问句，应用will you。4.I wish I had gone to the cinema last night，_？A.dont I B.hadnt I C.may I D.maynt I解析当陈述部分是I wish.时，后面的疑问部分用may I。考点三关于省略应注意的几个问题1.以下是已被看成约定俗成的省略结构，为考查的重点：if so如果这样的话；if not如果不的话；if ever如果曾经有的话；if possible如果可能的话；if necessary如果有必要的话；How come.？怎么会这样呢？；What if.？倘若会怎样？；How/What about.？会怎样？；So what？那又怎么样？可能的话给我买些邮票。(翻译)If possible，buy me some stamps.2.当带to的不定式短语代表一个上文已经陈述过的动作时，为了避免重复，通常省略不定式短语中的动词，只保留不定式符号to。但当不定式中有be动词或助动词have或have been时要保留。John didnt come，but he ought to have.(完成句子) 约翰没有来，但他本该来的。3.介词but或except等前面如出现实义动词do，则其后的不定式省去to，如果没有实义动词do，则不定式符号to要保留。用wait的适当形式填空There is nothing to do but wait.I have no choice but to wait.I do have no choice but to wait.4.只有当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致或主语为it，从句有be动词时，才可以省略从句的主语和动词be。Work hard when (you are) young，or youll regret. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。考题印证1.It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine._ ，wed better take it to the garage immediately.A.Otherwise B.If not C.But for that D.If so解析if so“如果是这样的话”，so代替前面表示肯定意义的句子something is wrong with the cars engine。2.She could do nothing but _ her name under the circumstances.A.to change B.changing C.to be changing D.change解析but作“除了”解，前若有实义动词do，则后跟的不定式省去符号to。3.Is Mrs.Smith beautiful?No，but she _.A.used to B.used to do C.used to doing D.used to be解析句意为：史密斯夫人漂亮吗？不，但是她过去很漂亮。把句子补充完整是：but she used to be beautiful。当不定式中的动词为be时，不能省略be。故答案为D。4.Linda didnt invite us to the party._？ I dont care.A.For what B.So what C.Whats on D.Whats up解析句意为：琳达没有邀请我们参加聚会。那又怎么样？我不在乎。表示“那又怎么样？”用So what？。题点与题组命题点反意疑问句的运用1.It doesnt matter if they want to come to your party，_？A.doesnt it B.does it C.dont they D.do they解析陈述部分是否定形式，疑问部分用肯定形式，且疑问部分要与主句保持一致，故答案为B项。2.I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did，_ ？A.could he B.didnt I C.didnt you D.could they解析陈述部分的主句为肯定形式，疑问部分要与主句保持一致，故答案为B。3.There arent many cafs. Wed better stop at the next place，_？A.hadnt we B.wouldnt we C.had we D.d