2020年高考英语 专题-名词性从句

专题六 名词性从句名词性从句指在复合句中起名词作用的从句，它在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语或同位语。名词性从句既是中学英语教学的重点，也是高考考查的热点。一、名词性从句的分类名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。其连接词有that, if, whether；连接代词who, what, which；连接副词when, where, how, why等。考查热点一：对主语从句的考查主语从句在复合句中充当主语，它可以放在主句谓语动词之前。但为了保持句子平衡，多数情况下可用it作形式主语，而把主语从句置于句尾。考查热点二：对宾语从句的考查宾语从句在句子中作及物动词或介词的宾语。如果主句的谓语动词是及物动make, find, see, think等，则把宾语从句置于宾语补足语之后，用it作形式宾语。另外，某些作表语的形容词，如sure, happy, glad, certain等之后也可以带宾语从句。考查热点三：对表语从句的考查表语从句在句子中作表语，位于主句中的系动词之后。考查热点四：对同位语从句的考查同位语从句一般跟在某些抽象名词之后，进一步说明该名词所表示的具体内容。可跟同位语从句的名词主要有：fact, idea, news, promise, belief, condition, doubt, fear, hope, problem, proof, question, reply, report, suggestion, thought, truth等。二、对名词性从句的考查应注意以下几点：考查热点五：考查名词性从句的语序和主从句时态名词性从句均应用陈述句语序，其时态要保持主从句时态一致性。考查热点六：从语境和句子结构需要出发，选择合适的连词（I）连词that和what：that无实际意义，在从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接主从句的作用；如that引导宾语从句，常可省略；如引导主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句，that不能省略。What引导名词性从句，具有双重功能（既是连词又在句中充当成分），它既可指人，也可指物。用于人时，what=the person(s)that，用于物时，what=the thing(s)that。What可以引导主语从句、宾语从句或表语从句。（II）连词whether和if：通常whether和if都可以引导宾语从句；但在引导主语从句、表语从句和同位词从句和介词后面的宾语从句以及后面跟or not时只能用whether而不能用if。（III）连词whoever,whatever和whichever：这三个词均可引导主语从句、宾语从句和表词从句，且在句中充当一定的成分。Whoever=no matter who (anyone who); whatever=no matter what (anything that); whichever= no matter which(anything that)/ anyone who.（IV）考查其它的连接副词连接副词在主语从句中起连词作用，同时又在从句中充当一定的句子成分。选用这些连接副词的关键是：所选的这个词必须符合句子的逻辑要求。考查热点七：名词性从句中对it的考查为了保持句子平衡，多数情况下可用it作形式主语或宾语，而把主语从句或宾语从句放到后面。考查热点八：名词性从句中的强调句型和感叹句考查热点九：名词性从句中的插入成分（I）用于陈述句的插入语结构含think, suppose, guess, say, imagine, expect, believe等动词的插入语，直接疑问放在句子中间，不用逗号隔开。（II）用于疑问句的插入语结构含think, suppose, guess, say, imagine, expect, believe等动词的疑问句，后接含疑问词的宾语从句时，要将疑问词放在句首。考查热点十：名词性从句中的否定转移现象当主句的主语为第一人称，且主句的及物动词为表示感知的动词，如：think, suppose, guess, say , imagine, expect, believe等时，常把对宾语从句的否定放在主句中，如主句中的主语是第一人称单数I时，其反意疑问句应跟从句变，并且主句中的否定转移到从句。考查热点十一：名词性从句中的虚拟语气在“It is suggested/ required/ ordered/ a pity/ a shame/ no wonder/ necessary/ strange/ +that从句”结构中，that从句谓语有时用(should)do这样的虚拟语气形式。【巩固性练习】从下列选项中选择最佳答案。1 is known to us all is that China has launched Shenzhou VII spaceship successfully.A. It B. AsC. What D. That2. What was he had at school made him a great success?A. that; that B. it; thatC. that; which D. this; which3. the teacher says seems reasonable to me. is why I have made up my mind to remember the teacher teaches me.A. Whatever; This; whicheverB. No matter what; That; whateverC. Whatever; That; no matter whatD. What; That; whatever4. Darcy left word with my secretary he would call again in the afternoon.A. who B. thatC. as D. which5. I remember this used to be a very small village.A. when B. how C. where D. what6. After five hours drive, they got to they thought was the place they had been dreaming of.A. where B. thatC. which D. what7. Several weeks after the accident, the patient was able to carry outseemed to be a normal talk.A. what B. whichC. that D. it8. Wuliang, as a Party member, always thinks of he can do more for the people.A. what B. whyC. how D. if9. If you feel tired and sick of fat food, that is you have to go to the hospital for a medical examination.A. why B. whenC. whether D. What10. Some people are bom with the belief they are masters of their own while others feel they are at the mercy of others.A. what; that B. that; whatC. that; / D. /;that11.How do you think I can make up with Jack?Set aside you disagree and try to find you have in common.A. what; what B. where; whatC. what; whether D. where; whether12. Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the classhe had to meet his uncle at the air port.A. why B. thatC. where D. because13. He studied hard and later became a professor in a well,known university, his mother had expected.A. that was what B. what was thatC. and which was D. which was what14. Was it he said or something he did that made her cry so sadly?A. that; which B. that; whatC. what; that D. what; what15. Is Beijing-Tianjin intercity railway plays an important role in Chinas railway history the topic that he is coming to?A. what B. it C. this D. thatKeys: 1-5 CBDBA 6-10 DACBC 11-15 BBDCD【巩固练习】1. The fact has worried many scientists the earth is becoming wamer and warmer these years. (2020;2020江西)A. what B. whichC. that D. though2. We should consider the students request the school library provide more books on popular science. (2020;2020重庆)A. that B. whenC. which D. where3. The last time we had great fun was we were visiting the Water:Park. (2020;2020天津)A. where B. howC. when D. why4. was most important to her, she told me, was her family. (2020;2020山东)A. It B. ThisC. What D. As5. News came from the school office Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University. (2020;2020四川)A. which B. whatC. thatD.where6. The companies are working together to create they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century. (2020;2020北京 )A. which B. thatC. what D. who7.Is there any possibility you could pick me up at the airport?No problem. (2020;2020浙江)A. when B. thatC. whether D. what8. She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do it takes to save her life. (2020;2020湖南)A. whichever B. howeverC. whatever D. whoever9. At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see it got any better. (2020;2020 北京)A. when B. how C. why D. if10. It is not immediately clear the financial crisis will soon be over. (2020;2020上海)A. since B. whatC. when D. whether【完成句子】1.The news (那栋房子被烧毁) last night surprised everyone. (burn)2. （他是否出过国）doesnt make much difference. (he, abroad)3. What I recommended is (他应该采取措施) in time. (measure)4. No one can be sure (人类看上去将会是什么样) in million years.(look)5. It is obvious to the students (他们应该为将为做好充分的准备)their future. (prepare)6. , (我们是否去野营) tomorrow depends on the weather. (camp)7. The school of the future will probably be quite different from(现在的样子). (what)8. His suggestion is (我们要保护当地的环境) while developing economy is highly thought of by government.(protect)9. (他们所拥有的共同之处) is that they are all independent. (common)10. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is(我们不同意之处). (disagree)Keys: I, 1-5 CACCC 6-10 CBCDDII. 1. that the house was burnt down2. Whether he has been abroad or not3. that he (should) take measures4. what man will look like5. that they should get well prepared for6. Whether well go camping7. what they are today8. that we (should) protect local environment9. What they have in common10. where I disagree1. (09天津卷,7) It is obvious to the students they should get well prepared for their future.A. as B. which C. whether D. that2. (09 北京卷, 31 ) At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see it got any better.A. when B. how C. why D. if3. (09陕西卷, 17) The how-to book can be of help to wants to do the job.A. who B. whomever C. no matter who D. whoever4. (09上海卷, 40) As a new diplomat, he often thinks of he can react more appropriately on such occasions.A. what B. which C. that D. how5. (08, 北京卷 ) The companies are working together to createthey hope will be the best means of transport in the 21 th century.A. which B. that C. what D. who6. (06, 全国卷)See the flags on top of the building? That waswe did this morning.A. when B. which C. where D. what7. (08, 湖南卷)When asked they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved!A. what B. why C. whom D. which8. (06, 北京卷) Could you do me a favor?It depends on it is.A. which B. whichever C. what D. whatever9. (07, 全国卷II) matters most in learning English isenough practice.A. What B. Why C. Where D. Which10. (06, 上海春季)Doris success lies in the fact she is co-operative and eager to learn from others.A. which B. that C. when D. why参考答案：15DDDDC 610DACAB1. (09全国卷I ,24) Could I speak to is in charge of International Sales please?A. who B. what C. whoever D. whatever2. (09 江苏卷,34) Many young people in the West are expected to leavecould be lifes most important decisionmarriage-almost entirely up to luck.A. as B. that C. which D. what3. (09 安徽卷,27) A good friend of mine from I was bom showed up at my home right before I left for Beijing.A. how B. whom C. when D. which4. (09四川卷,7) News came from the school office Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.A. which B. what C. that D. where5. (09 浙江卷，12)Is there any possibility you could pick me up at the airport ?No problem.A. when B. that C. whether D. what6. (09重庆卷,31) We should consider the students requestthe school library provide more books on popular science.A. that B. when C. which D. where7. Would you please tell me you know is good at typing?A. whom B. whomever C. whose D. whoever8. she was ill, I was expected to take her place greatly surprised me, for I didnt have much work experience.A. That if B. That C. If that D. If9. That art centre is used to be a factory, millions of tractors were made.A. what; where B. where; whereC. what; which D. where; which10. makes the school famous is more than 90% of the students have been admitted to universities.A. What; because B. That; becauseC. That; what D. What; that11. There is much chance Bill will recover f