2020年湖南省株洲四中高三英语《16.虚拟语气》复习教案

16.家庭法(17 .1)家庭法用于表达说话者的主观需要或假想，说话是一个条件。不一定是真的，或者与事实相反。假设法更多地用于条件语句中。18.2)条件语句可以分为两类，一类是实际条件语句，另一类是实际条件语句，而不是实际条件语句。非实际条件语句表示假设或实际可能性较小的情况，因此使用假设法。19.16.1实际条件语句用于陈述语气，有可能发生假设情况。有关各种结构，请参阅下表。20.句子条件子句主要句子21.通常是shall/will动词原型22.命令式情态动词一般是现在24.例如If he comes，he will bring his violin。他来的话，会带小提琴来的。25.典型的例子26.the volleyball match will be put off if it _ _ _。27 . a . will rain b . rails c . rained . is rained28.答案b .实际条件句的主要句子是未来，子句使用一般的现在。29.注意：30.1)在实际的条件语句中，不能用be going to表示未来，所以shall，will。31.(错误)if you leave now，you are never going to regret it。32.(右)if you leave now，you will never regret it。(33 .2)表示真理时，订购场谓语动词不使用shall (will)动词的原形，而是直接使用一般现时动词形式。34.16.2非事实条件句(35 .1)假设法可以表示过去、现在和未来的情况，时态的基本特征是时态向后推。36.a .与当前事实相反的假设37.条件子句的主要句子38.动词原形，如一般过去(were for be)should(would)39.例如：if they were here，they would help you。他们在这会帮你的。40.含义：they are not here，they cant help you。41.b .与过去事实相反的假设42.条件子句的主要句子43.过去完成时像should(would)这样的have过去分词44.例如：if he had come yesterday，I should/would have told him about it .如果他昨天来，我就把这件事告诉他。45.含义：he did not come yesterday，so I did not tell him about it。46.c .表示对未来可能发生的事情的假设47.条件子句的主要句子48.动词原形，如一般过去的should/would49.were不定式50.should动词原型51.示例：if you succeeded，everything would be all right。如果以后成功的话，一切都会好起来的。52.if you should succed，everyhing would be all right。53.if you were to succed，everyhing would be all right。54.含义：you are not likey to succed，everyhing will be what it is now。55.16.3混合条件句56.有时主节和节的动作发生在不同的时间。订购场谓语动词的假设语气形式因时间而异，因此这种条件语句称为混合条件语句。例如：57.if you had asked him yesterday，you would know what to do now。如果你昨天问他，你知道今天做了什么。58.(从句与过去的事实相反，订货单与现在的事实相反。)，以获取详细信息59.If it had rained last night(历史)，it would be very cold today(当前)。如果昨天晚上下雨的话，今天会很冷。60.16.4虚拟条件句的翻转61.如果虚拟条件子句的子句部分包含were，should，或had，则可以省略if，将were，should或had移到子句的句子开头，从而使其信服。例如：62.were they here now，they could help us。=if they were here now，they could help us。他们现在会帮我们的。63.had you come earrier，you would have met him。=if you had come earrier，you would have met him。你来得早一点的时候见了。64.should it rain，the crops would be saved。=were it to rain，the crops would be saved。下雨的话，农作物就会得救。65.注：在语气的子句中，动词be的过去时态总是在were ，而不是was的子句中，be被were代替。例如：66.if I were you，I would go to look for him。如果我是你，就会去找他。67.if he were here，everyhing would be all right。他在这一切都会好起来的。68.典型的例子69._ _ _ _ _ _ _ to do the work，I should do it some other day。70 . a . if were I b . I were c . were I d . was I71.答案c .如果虚拟条件副词中有were，should，had这个词，通常省略if，把主语提前，改成were，should，had主语的形式。但是要注意，在虚拟条件副词部分，省略连接词，形式的叙述句不能用动词的缩略形式写。我们可以说Were I not to do，但不能说Werent I to do。72.16.5特殊虚拟模态should73.1)在主题条款中的应用74.it is demanded/neceary/a pity that.等结构的主语，谓语动词用should加动词原形，should可以省略。75.It is可以使用的单词有三类：that (should)do76.suggested、ordered、required、proposed、demanded、requested、insisted等77.important、neceary、natural、imperative、strange等78.a pity、a shame、no wonder等79.2)在对象条款中的应用80.在表示命令、建议、要求等的动词后面的小节中，单击order、suggest、propose、require、demand、request、in sist、command，in sist(shoost例如：81.I suggest that we(should)hold a meeting next week。我建议下周举行会议。82.he insisted that he(should)be sent there。他要求送到那里。83.注：in sist(如suggest)在有人建议或坚持做某事时使用宾语。84.判断错误： (错误)you pale face suggests that you(should)be ill。85.(右)your palle face suggests that you are ill。86.(无效)I insisted that you(should)be wrong。87.(右)I insisted that you were wrong。88.3)表语从句、共句的应用89.suggestion、proposal、idea、plan、order、advice等名词后的表语从句，apposition子句中使用假设法，即(should)动词原形。例如：90.我的idea is that we(should)get more people to attend the conference。我的想法是让更多的人参加会议。91.I make a proposal that we(should)hold a meeting next week。我提出了建议。下周开会吧。92.使用16.6 wish93.1)wish后面的子句是指与事实相反的情况或今后实现的可能性不大的愿望。宾语从句的动词形式如下。94.主要句子部分95.子句的动作比咒语场动词动作(be的过去时态是were)现在过去了96.当我的动作和咒语场动作同时(had过去分词)过去时态完成的时候97.似乎以后不会实现的愿望以后would/could动词原型98.示例：I wish I were as tall as you。真希望有你这么高。99.He wished he hadnt said that。他希望他从没说过那样的话。100.I wish it would rain tomorrow。希望明天下雨。101.2)wish to do；Wish sb/sth to do。例如：102.I wish to see the manager。=I want to see the manager。希望见到经理。103.I wish the manager to be informed at once。(=I want the manager to be informed at once。)希望管理员能立即收到消息。104.16.7 if only和only if比较105.only if表示 ；If only表示.表示可以。If only也可以用于描述音调。例如：106.I wake up only if the alarm clock rings。只有闹钟响的时候我才会醒。107.If only the alarm clock had rung。那时候闹钟响就好了。108.If only he comes early。希望他早点回来。109.16.8 It is (high) time that110.It is (high) time that后面的子句谓词动词需要使用过去时态或should添加动词原形，但should不能省略。例如：111.it is time that the children went to bed。孩子们该睡觉了。112.it is high time that the children should go to bed。113.16.9 need不需要114.didnt need to do说他过去不需要做什么，事实上没有。115.neednt have done表示过去不需要做什么，但实际做到了。例如：116.John went to the station with the car to meet Mary，so she didn t need to walk back home。117.约翰开车去车站接玛丽，所以她不必步行回家。118.John went to the station with the car to meet Mary，so she needn t have walked back home。119.约翰去车站接玛丽，所以不必步行回家。玛丽步行回家，没有见到约翰的车。)，以获取详细信息120.典型的例子121.there was plenty of time。she _