2020高考英语暑假练习（4）

2020高考英语暑假练习（4）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳答案。It is reported that conservation groups in North America have been arguing about the benefits and dangers of wolves. Some groups believe wolves should be killed. Other people believe wolves must be protected so that they will not disappear from the wilderness (荒野) For Killing Wolves In Alaska，the wolf almost disappeared a few years ago，because hunters were killing hundreds of them for sport. However1aws were established to protect the wolves from sportsmen and people who catch the animals for their furSo the wolf population has greatly increased. Now there are so many wolves that they are destroying their own food supply A wolf naturally eats animals in the deer family. People in the wilderness also hunt deer for foodMany of the animals have been destroyed by the very cold winters recently and by changes in the wilderness plant lifeWhen the deer cant find enough food，they die If the wolves continue to kill large numbers of deer，their prey(猎物)will disappear some dayAnd the wolves willtooSo we must change the cycle of life in the wilderness to balance the ecologyIf we killed more wolves，we would save them and their prey from dying outWed also save some farm animals In another northern state，wolves attack cows and chickens for foodFarmers want the government to send biologists to study the problemThey believe it necessary to kill wolves in some areas and to protect them in places where there is a small wolf population Against Killing Wolves If you had lived long ago，you would have heard many different stories about the dangerous wolfAccording to most stories，hungry wolves often kill people for foodEven today，the stories of the “big bad wolfwill not disappear But the fact is wolves are afraid of peopleand they seldom travel in areas where there is a human smellWhen wolves eat other animals，they usually kill the very youngor the sick and injured .The strongest survive .No kind of animal would have survived through the centuries if the weak members had livedAnd has always been a law of nature. Although some people say it is good sense to kill wolves，we say it is nonsense! Researchers have found wolves and their prey living in balanceThe wolves keep the deer population from becoming too large, and that keeps a balance in the wilderness plant life The real problem is that the areas where wolves can live are being used by peopleEven if wilderness land is not used directly for human needsthe wolves cant always find enough food .So they travel to the nearest source, which is often a farmThen there is dangerThe “big bad wolf” has arrived! And everyone knows what happens next( ) 1. According to the passage，some people in North America favor killing wolves for all the following reasons EXCET that A. there are too many wolves B. they kill large numbers deerC. they attack cows and chickens for food D. they destroy the wilderness plant life选D根据文中小标题For killing wolves 第一段第三行“so the wolf population has increased”第三段第一句和第四段第一句话，可知选项D不是原因( ) 2. Some people are against killing wolves because A. wolves help to keep the ecological balance in the widenessB. there is too small a wolf population in the wildernessC. there are too many deer in the wildernessD. wolves are afraid of people and never attack people选A小标题Against killing wolves 中第三段最后一句( ) 3. According to those against killing wolves，when wolves eat other animals， A. they never eat strong and healthy onesB. they always go against the law of natureC. they might help this kind of animals survive in natureD. they disturb the ecological balance in the wilderness选C 小标题Against killing wolves 中第二段最后两行可知强者生存，弱者淘汰是自然法则( ) 4. The last sentence “And everyone knows what happens next” implies that in such cases .A. farm animals will be in danger and have to be shipped awayB. wolves will kill people and people will in turn kill themC. wolves will find enough food sources on farmsD. people will leave the areas where wolves can live选B 文中最后一段可知狼居住的地方被人类占据，它们就会跑到就近的农场等地吃人，那么人类就会反过来杀死它们。 Passage Three (Pop Stars Earn Much)Pop stars today enjoy a style of living which was once the prerogative only of Royalty. Wherever they go, people turn out in their thousands to greet them. The crowds go wild trying to catch a brief glimpse of their smiling, colorfully dressed idols. The stars are transported in their chauffeur driven Rolls-Royces, private helicopters or executive aeroplanes. They are surrounded by a permanent entourage of managers, press agents and bodyguards. Photographs of them appear regularly in the press and all their comings and goings are reported, for, like Royalty, pop stars are news. If they enjoy many of the privileges of Royalty, they certainly share many of the inconveniences as well. It is dangerous for them to make unscheduled appearances in public. They must be constantly shielded from the adoring crowds which idolize them. They are no longer private individuals, but public property. The financial rewards they receive for this sacrifice cannot be calculated, for their rates of pay are astronomical.And why not? Society has always rewarded its top entertainers lavishly. The great days of Hollywood have become legendary: famous stars enjoyed fame, wealth and adulation on an unprecedented scale. By todays standards, the excesses of Hollywood do not seem quite so spectacular. A single gramophone record nowadays may earn much more in royalties than the films of the past ever did. The competition for the title Top of the Pops is fierce, but the rewards are truly colossal.It is only right that the stars should be paid in this way. Dont the top men in industry earn enormous salaries for the services they perform to their companies and their countries? Pop stars earn vast sums in foreign currency often more than large industrial concerns and the taxman can only be grateful fro their massive annual contributions to the exchequer. So who would begrudge them their rewards?Its all very well for people in humdrum jobs to moan about the successes and rewards of others. People who make envious remarks should remember that the most famous stars represent only the tip of the iceberg. For every famous star, there are hundreds of others struggling to earn a living. A man working in a steady job and looking forward to a pension at the end of it has no right to expect very high rewards. He has chosen security and peace of mind, so there will always be a limit to what he can earn. But a man who attempts to become a star is taking enormous risks. He knows at the outset that only a handful of competitors ever get to the very top. He knows that years of concentrated effort may be rewarded with complete failure. But he knows, too, that the rewards for success are very high indeed: they are the recompense for the huge risks involved and if he achieves them, he has certainly earned them. Thats the essence of private enterprise.1.The sentence Pop stars style of living was once the prerogative only of Royalty meansA their life was as luxurious as that of royalty.They enjoy what once only belonged to the royalty.C They are rather rich.D Their way of living was the same as that of the royalty.2.What is the authors attitude toward top stars high income?A Approval.Disapproval.C Ironical.D Critical.3.It can be inferred from the passageA there exists fierce competition in climbing to the top.People are blind in idolizing stars.C Successful Pop stars give great entertainment.D The tax they have paid are great.4.What can we learn from the passage?A Successful man should get high-income repayment.Pop stars made great contribution to a country.C Pop stars can enjoy the life of royalty.D Successful men represent the tip of the iceberg.5.Which paragraph covers the main idea?A The first.The second.C The third.D The fourth.Vocabulary1.prerogative 权力，（尤指）特权2.chauffeur 受雇开车人，（尤指富人、要人的）司机3.entourage 随行人员，伴随者，近侍；建筑物周围4.astronomical 庞大的，天文的5.adulation 奉承6.gramophone 灌音7.colossal 巨大的8.exchequer 国库，财源 Exchequer Bond 国库债券9.begrudge 感到不快/不满，忌妒10.humdrum 平淡的，单调的11.moan 呻吟声 moan about 发牢骚难句译注1.the prerogative of Royalty或the royal prerogative 皇家的特权（再英国指国王名义上享有不经议会认可而采取行动的权力）。2.People turn out in their thousands to greet them.【结构简析】turn out露面、集合、出席。EX: A vast crowd turned out to watch the match.大批观众到场观看比赛。【参考译文】成千上万的人们出来欢迎他们。3.The great days of Hollywood have become legendry.【参考译文】好莱坞鼎盛时期成了神话。4.By todays standards, the excesses of Hollywood do not seem quite so spectacular.【参考译文】按今天的标准来看，好莱坞的奢华（过分的行为）似乎并不那么引人注目。5.A single gramophone record nowadays may earn much more in royalties than the films of the past ever did.【参考译文】今天单张录音唱片挣的版税要比过去一步电影还要多得多。写作方法与文章大意作者以对比、因果写作手法，写出歌星享受者贵族般生活方式，出门受千万人群欢迎，出入高级车、机，身后保镖、经纪人、新闻记者，来去都有报道，这一切是社会对高级演员的慷慨赠予。公司的高级人员享受高薪，歌星也应享受。再则顶尖歌星冒有很大风险。答案详解1.B 他们享受一度只属于贵族享用的一切。第一段集中谈了这些：他们走到哪里，成千上万人们出来欢迎，却中发疯地要看一眼穿着花哨的偶像的笑容。这些歌星坐着司机开动的Rolls-Royces汽车、私人直升飞机，高级长官飞机到处走，永远围着一批经纪人、报界记者和保镖随从人员。他们的照片定期登在报刊上，因为歌星象贵族一样是新闻人物。A.他们的生活和贵族一样奢侈。C.他们很富。D.他们的生活方式和贵族生活方式一个样。2.A 赞成。在第一段最后一句：“他们为他们的牺牲所获取的报酬难以计算，支付率惊人。”第二段一开始就点明“为什么不惊人？社会对高级表演者总是慷慨解囊。好莱坞的鼎盛时期名扬天下，著名歌星先手空前绝后的名、利、奉承。”第三段更明确指出：应该这样支付星族，这完全正确。企业中的顶尖人物因为他们为公司和国家所作的一切不也挣得高额工资？税务员应感谢他们每年为国库做出了巨大的贡献。所以谁会忌妒他们的报酬呢？最后一段进一步说明：欲成为星族的人冒着很大的风险，谁都知道只有一小撮人能成为顶尖人物，也可能多年的努力以彻底失败而告终，而成功的报酬确实很高，这是对他们冒险的补偿。这些内容都说明作者赞成巨额报酬。A.不同意。C.讽刺的。D.批评的。3.A 在攀登顶峰中存在着激烈的竞争。这在第三段最后一句明确指出：获取顶尖的流行歌星的称号竞争激烈，但其报酬确实惊人。最后一段的风险说。还有最后一段第二句：说忌妒话的人应记住：最有名的星族代表的只是冰山之巅人极少。每个成名的歌星身后就有成千上百个其他歌者为生存而奋斗。这都说明“竞争激烈”。B.人们盲目崇拜偶像歌星。C.成功的流行歌星演出给人极大的享受。D.他们支付的税收巨大。4.D 成功者只是冰山的顶尖少极了。A.成功的人应当获得高收入。B.流行歌星对国家做出巨大贡献。C.流行歌星能享受贵族生活。5.D 第四段。主旨句是倒数第一、二句，成功的报酬确实很高，这是对其高度风险的还报补偿，如果他成功了，他肯定挣得多。那就是私人事业的根本/本质。A.第一段。这段之对比了贵族和歌星的生活方式。B.第二段。这段讲了挣得多，但竞争激烈。C.第三段。歌星和企业顶尖人物对比。阅读理解-A Alex London Research Laboratory (ALRL) is part of Alex Co., Ltd., a major Australian medicine-making company. Opened in 1992, ALRL specializes in the development of new medicines for the treatment of heart diseases A position is now open for a Research Operations Manager(ROM) to support our growing research team at the new laboratories in Hatfield，due to open in the autumn of 2020 Reporting to the Director，you will help set up and run the technical and scientific support services of our new laboratories now under constructionYou will be expected to provide expert knowledge about and be in charge of all areas of ALRLS Health and Safety，and to communicate (沟通)with support employees at ALRLS laboratories based at University College LondonWorking closely with scientists and other operations and technical employees，you will manage a small number of research support employees providing services to help with the research activities to be carried out at the new laboratories Candidates(申请人) will have experience of both management and research supporttechnical servicesKnowledge of research operations and excellent communication skills are necessary. Education to degree level is also desirable If you are interested in this position，please send your CV(简历)to Alex London Research Laboratory，University College London，Hatfield，London，W1E 6B7 or by email to ALRLalex.co.uk For more Informationplease visit www.alex.co.uk( ) 1. What can be learnt about the new laboratories from the text? A. They have not yet been set up B. They are in Hatfield，Australia C. They belong to University College London D. T