2020届高考英语（第一讲 冠词）语法精讲精练 学生版

冠词分为不定冠词（a, an），定冠词（the），和零冠词。1.指一类人或事，相当于a kind ofA plane is a machine that can fly.2.第一次提及某人某物，非特指A boy is waiting for you.有个男孩在等你。3.表示“每一”相当于every，oneWe study eight hours a day.4.表示“相同”相当于the sameWe are nearly of an age.5.用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith?Sorry, wrong number. There isnt_ Mr. Smith here.A. 不填 B. a C. the D. oneThat boy is rather a Lei Feng.（活雷锋）6.用于固定词组中a couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time7.用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后This room is rather a big one.8.用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.9.用于抽象名词具体化的名词前success(抽象名词)a success(具体化) 成功的人或事a failure 失败的人或事 a shame 带来耻辱的人或事a pity 可惜或遗憾的事 a must 必需必备的东西a good knowledge of 精通掌握某一方面的知识10.与序数词连用，表示“又一，再一”。In order to find a better job, he decided to study a second foreign language.为了找到一个更好的工作，他决定再学习另外一门外语。1.表示某一类人或物In many places in China, _ bicycle is still _ popular means of transportation.A. a; the B. /; a C. the; a D. the; the2.用于世上独一无二的事物名词前the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean3.表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事Would you mind opening the door?4.用于演奏乐器play the violin, play the guitar5.用于形容词和分词前表示一类人the reach, the living, the wounded6.表示“一家人”或“夫妇”（对比上文的不定冠词用法5）Could you tell me the way to _ Johnsons, please?Sorry, we dont have _ Johnson here in the village.A. the; the B. the; a C. /; the D. the; /7.用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前He is the taller of the two children.8.用于国家党派等以及江河湖海，山川群岛的名词前the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French9.用于表示发明物的单数名词前The compass was invented in China.10.在逢十的复数数词之前，指世纪的某个年代in the 1990s(二十世纪九十年代)11.用于表示度量单位的名词前I hired the car by the hour.12.用于方位名词，身体部位名词He patted me on the shoulder.13.与比较级和最高级连用比较级+ and +比较级表示“越来越”The harder he works, the happier he feels.表示两者间“较的一个”比较级前加the。Who is the older of the tow boys?三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“the + 最高级”的结构表示。这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three.1.专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名词前Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air2.名词前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this?3.季节，月份，星期，节假日，一日三餐前March, Sunday, National Day, spring4.表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前Lincoln was made President of America.5.表示球类，棋类等运动的名词前He likes playing football/chess.6.与by连用表示交通方式的名词前We went right round to the west coast by _ sea instead of driving across _ continent.A. the; the B.不填；the C. the; 不填D. 不填；不填7.以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night8.表示泛指的复数名词前Horses are useful animals.冠词一般放在名词之前，名词之前若有形容词，冠词放在形容词之前。下列情况例外：1.不定冠词用于下列副词加形容词之后：as, how, however, so, too等。如：He is as good a soldier as he was.他和以前一样是个好士兵。2.不定冠词置于such, what, many, not, too,much of等之后。如：Many a little pickle makes a nickel.积少成多。3.定冠词通常放在all, both, double, exactly, just等词之后。如：I offered him double the amount，but he still refused.4.不定冠词常用于quite和rather之后，但如果另有形容词修饰时，不定冠词既可放在第二位，也可放在第一位，但最常见的仍是第二位。如：She is quite a woman.她真是个女人。It was quite/rather a cold day.很冷的一天(同 It was a quite/rather cold day.)5.当名词前的比较级被no，all，far，much等修饰时，也要后置。如：He is no less a man than the President.6.定冠词要放在half, twice, much等之后。如：He paid twice the price for it. 他花了两倍的钱买了它。7.如果名词被副词hardly，scarcely，barely，exactly所修饰，或和一个形容词共同修饰时，冠词要放在上述副词之后、形容词之前。如：This is hardly a right thing to do. 这几乎是不能做的事。冠词是历年高考的常考点。主要考查冠词在具体语境中的运用，考查内容包括定冠词和不定冠词的用法区别，名词前不用冠词的情况，特指与泛指以及习语中的冠词用法。How about taking_short break? I want to make_call.A. the; a B. a; the C. the; the D. a; a【解析】Christmas is_special holiday when_whole family are supposed to get together.A. the; the B. a; a C. the; a D. a; the【解析】I looked under_bed and found books I lost last week.A. the; a B. the；the C. 不填；the D. the; 不填【解析】I like_color of your skirt. It is good match for your blouse.A. a; the B. a; a C. the; a D. the; the【解析】George couldnt remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it was Sunday because everybody was at church.A. /; the B. the; / C. a; / D. /; a【解析】Many people have come to realize that they should go on_balanced diet and makeroom in their day for exercise.A. a; / B. the; a C. the; the D. /; a【解析】Many people have come to realize that they should go on balanced diet and make room in their day for exercise.A.a;不填 B.the; a C.the; the D.不填; a【解析】How about _Christmas evening party?I should say it was _success.A. a; a B. the; a C. a; 不填 D. the; 不填【解析】We went right round to the west coast by sea instead of driving across continent.A. the; the B.不填;the C. the; 不填 D.不填;不填【解析】George couldnt remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it was Sunday becauseeverybody was at church.A./; the B. the; / C. a; / D./; a【解析】类似的词组：by day在白天 by the day按天计算in case of以防 in the case of就来说in charge of负责，管理 in the charge of由负责in office执政 in the office在办公室in sight(of)看见 in the sight(of)在看来go to sea去当水手 go to the sea到海边去out of question毫无疑问 out of the question不可能take advice征求意见 take the advice听从劝告be of age成年 be of all age同龄go to church去做礼拜 go to the church去教堂in prison坐牢 in the prison在监狱特别提示：当地点名词表示地点时，其前用定冠词；表示在这一地点所发生的活动时，其前不加冠词。如：He went to the bed and fetched me a magazine before he went to bed.他睡觉前到床边给我拿了本杂志。2020;2020年1.（安徽卷）We can never expect bluer sky unless we create less polluted world.A. a; a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; the【答案】【解析】2.（北京卷）The biggest whale is _ blue whale, which grows to be about 29 meters longthe height of _ 9-story building.A. the; the B. a; a C. a; the D. the; a【答案】【解析】3.（江西卷）Some people fear that _ air pollution may bring about changes in _ weather around the world.A.不填; the B. the; 不填 C. an; the D. the; a【答案】【解析】4.（海南卷）Lets go to cinema-thatll take your mind off the problem for whileA. the; the B. the; a C. a; the D. a ; a【答案】【解析】5.（陕西卷）What pity that you couldnt be there to receive prize!A. a; a B. the; a C. a; the D. the; the【答案】【解析】6.（四川卷）In order to find _ better job, he decided to study _ second foreign language.A. the; a B. a; a C. the; the D. a; the【答案】【解析】7.I dont understand what the engineer means, but Ive got _ rough idea of _ project plan. （浙江卷）A. the; a B. 不填; theC. the; 不填D. a; the【答案】【解析】8.（重庆卷）Washing machines made by China have won worldwide attention and Haier has become popular name.A. a; the B. 不填; a C. 不填; the D. the; a【答案】【解析】9.（全国卷II）What I need is book that contains ABC of oil painting.A. a; 不填 B. the; 不填 C. the; an D. a; the【答案】【解析】10.(辽宁卷)This area experienced heaviest rainfall in month of May.A 不填; a B a ; the C the ; the D the ; a【答案】【解析】2020;2020年1.(北京卷)First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get _ second chance to make_ first impression.A. a; the B. the; the C. a; a D. the; a【答案】【解析】2.(福建卷)Its good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai world expo that gives thempleasure.A.不填，a B. a,不填 C. the ,a D. a, the【答案】【解析】3.(江苏卷)The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that_ people from all walks of life are working hard for_ new Jiangsu.A.不填; a B. 不填;the C. the; a D. the; the【答案】【解析】4.(辽宁卷)There are over 58,000 rocky objects in _ space, about 900 of which could fall down onto _ earth.A. the; the B. 不填; the C. the; 不填 D. a; the【答案】【解析】5.(山东卷)If we sit near _ front of the bus, well have _ better view.A.不填; the B.不填; a C. the; a D. the; the【答案】【解析】6.(四川卷)In most countries, a university degree can give you flying start in life.A. the; a B. the; 不填 C.不填; 不填 D.不填; a【答案】【解析】7.(浙江卷)Many lifestyle patterns do such _ great harm to health that they actually speed up_weakening of the human body.A. a; 不填 B. 不填; the C. a; the D. 不填; 不填【答案】【解析】8.(重庆卷)Everything comes with price; there is no such thing as free lunch in the world.A. a, a B. the, 不填 C. the, 不填 D. a, 不填【答案】【解析】2020;2020年1.（新课标卷）It is generally accepted that _boy must learn to stand up and fight like _man.A. a; a B. a; the C. the; the D. a; 不填【答案】【解析】2.（大纲卷）As he reached _front door, Jack saw _strange sight.A. the;不填 B. a; the C.不填；a D. the; a【答案】【解析】3.（山东卷）Take your timeits just _ short distance from here to _ restaurant.A.不填；the B. a; the C. the; a D.不填；a【答案】【解析】4.（江西卷）Its said John will be in a job paying over $60,000 _ year.Right, he will also get paid by _week.A. the; the B. a; the C. the; a D. a; a【答案】【解析】5.（浙江卷）Experts think that _recently discovered painting may be _ Picasso.A. the ;不填 B. a ;the C. a; 不填D. the; a【答案】【解析】6.（四川卷）Dr. Peter Spence, headmaster of the school, told us, “ fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”A. 不填；A B.不填；The C. the; The D. a; A【答案】【解析】7.（陕西卷）As is known to all, Peoples Republic of China is biggest developing country in the world.A. the ;不填 B. 不填 ；the C. the ；the D. 不填；不填【答案】【解析】8.（重庆卷）In communication, a smile is usually_ strong sign of a friendly and _ open attitude.A. the, 不填 B. a, an C. a, 不填 D. the, an【答案】【解析】1.The report said that a bus went out of control on highway south of the city are rushed into a river.A. the; the B.不填; the C. the; 不填 D. 不填; 不填【答案】【解析】2.Because _ unemployment is very high at present, its not easy for a fresh graduate to find _ satisfying jobas he wishes.A. the; 不填 B.不填; a C. an; a D. an; the【答案】【解析】3.一My flight was delayed because of_ heavy rain.But you are just in_ time for the discussion.A. the; a B. a; the C.不填; 不填 D. the; 不填【答案】【解析】4.I dont think the experiment is _ failure. At least we have gained _ experience for future success.A.不填; the B. a; the C. a ; 不填 D.不填; 不填【答案】【解析】5.By _ nature, you are an adventurer, full of amazement and curiosity about _world bigger thanlife itself.A. a; the B. the; the C.不填; a D. the; 不填【答案】【解析】6.Jack had _feeling of excitement when hearing his article had been published in _school magazine.A. the; a B. a; theC. 不填; the D. the; 不填【答案】【解析】7.I got _bad toothache yesterday，which kept me awake _whole night.A. a; the B. 不填; aC. the; a D. a; 不填【答案】【解析】8.China is _vast country which is home to _ amazing variety of landscapes，plants and animals.A. the; the B. a; theC. the; an D. a; an【答案】【解析】9.Anyone in mind for this position？What about Jack?He may be a good friend, but business is business. He is not _ man for _job.A. a; a B. the; theC. a; the D. the; a【答案】【解析】10.We all hold _ belief that those who have _wonderful sense of humor are more popular.A. the; a B. 不填; 不填C. the; 不填 D. a; the【答案】【解析】11._World Expo is regarded as the Olympic Games of the economy, science and technology, _expert said.A. A; an B. The; anC. The; a D. A; the【答案】【解析】12. I was told that_1015 flight would take us to Shanghai in time to reach _Fudan University.A. the; 不填 B. the; aC. a; the D. 不填; the【答案】【解析】13.The students were studyi