【精品】2020高三英语第一轮复习 第三单元学案 外研版选修8

.单词聚焦1_ v应给予2_ n. 毒药3_ adv. 贪婪地4_ adj. 臭名昭著的，声名狼藉的5_ n. 方式；方法6_ n. 要求owepoisongreedilyinfamousmannerrequirement7_ adj. 固定的8_ adj. 无法辨认的9_ v. 招待，款待；请客10_ v. 谈到，说起11_ n. 后果12_ adj. 逐渐的；逐步的13_ n. 趋势，趋向14_ adj. 人造的；人工的fixedunrecognisableentertainremarkconsequencegradualtrendartificial15_ adj. 丰富的；充裕的16_ adj. (水果或庄稼)成熟的17_ v. 煎；炸；炒18_ adv. 总的说来；总而言之19_ adj. 充足的；充裕的20_ adv. 在头顶上；在空中abundantripefryaltogetherampleoverhead.短语扫描1no _难怪2end _结束3make _看出，理解4have._ common 与有共同点5set fire _放火烧wonderupoutinto6whats _而且7go _违反；违背8be _ with 受欢迎9be _ on 以为基础10transform._ . 把转变为moreagainstpopularbasedinto.原句突破1_ _ _ _ _ _ _(我第一次看到一个三岁大的孩子) cheerfully chewing a chickens head I had bad dreams for weeks.【答案】The first time I saw a threeyearold kid2But_ _ _ _ _(让我的确佩服的是) is the polite manner in which British people eat，even if it is just a potato.【答案】one thing I do admire3_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _(难怪跟我一起的客人每道菜也就浅尝几口)；they knew what was still to come.【答案】No wonder my fellow guests had had only a few bites of each dish4The barbecue is_ _ _ _ _ (不仅仅是一件烧烤设备)but the word the Australians use for a popular way of entertaining friends.【答案】not just a piece of cooking equipment5I had eaten Chinese food often，but I_ _ _ _(从没想到) how fabulous a real Chinese banquet could be.【答案】could not have imaginedowe vt.欠(钱、物、债等)；应给予owe.to.把归功于owe sb.sth.owe sth.to sb.欠某人某物owe it to sb.that.I owe it to you that I finished my work in time.亏得你帮忙，我才及时完成了工作。Dont forget you still owe 150 yuan to the wine shop.别忘了，你还欠酒店150元钱呢。He owes his success to hard work and practice.他把他的成功归功于努力工作和实践。If I have improved in any way，I owe it all to my teacher.如果说我有一些进步，这应该全部归功于我的老师。You owe me an apology.你得向我道歉。We should do the duty which we owe to our country.我们应对国家尽我们应尽的义务。owing to because of 因为，由于，后接名词、代词、动名词作宾语，构成介词短语，表原因。Owing to our joint efforts，the task was fulfilled ahead of time.由于我们的共同努力，任务提前完成了。1.The old man said the accident_careless driving，so the driver_the money for the repairs.Aowing to；owed him toBwas owing to；owed himCcaused by；owed to himDwas caused by；owing him【解析】句意为：这位老人说事故是由于开车粗心造成的，因此司机欠他修车的钱。第一空应为谓语部分，故排除A、C；第二个空为短语owe sb.sth.作谓语，故排除D。【答案】Btaste link.尝起来，后面通常接形容词These oranges taste nice.这些橙子味道很好。(1)vt.& vi.品尝，尝出味道This cake is delicious，would you like to taste it?这种蛋糕很好吃，你想尝一尝吗？Ive got a cold so I cant taste what Im eating.我患了感冒，所以吃东西尝不出味道。(2)vt.体验My children have never tasted the delights of country life.我的孩子从来没有体验过乡村生活的乐趣。(3)n.味觉，喜好have a taste for喜欢to ones taste合口味，合的意，根据的品味I dont like the taste of chocolate.我不喜欢巧克力的味道。You can add some salt to your taste.你可以随自己的口味加盐。Even at a young age he had a taste for books.他在很小的时候就喜欢上读书了。2._ good，the roast duck was sold out soon.ATasted BTastingCBeing tasted DHaving been tasted【解析】考查taste作为系动词的用法。句意为：由于尝起来很好，这烤鸭很快就卖光了。用good也可看出，taste为系动词，而系动词无被动形式。【答案】Bremark v谈论，评论；对发表看法remark on ment on sth.对发表看法，评论remark that.说/评论I couldnt help remarking on her youth.我脱口而出说她那么年轻。A local newspaper remarked that crime was on the decrease.一家地方报纸评论说犯罪在减少。Could you please remark on what happened just now?对于刚才发生的事，请谈谈你的看法好吗？(1)make a remark评论She made a number of rude remarks about the food here.关于这里的食物她作了许多无礼的评论。(2)remarkable adj.值得注意的；显著的；非凡的He has made remarkable progress in English.他的英语已有明显的进步。3.It is said that he has a habit of making humorous_.Aremarks BmarksCsparks DRemarkably【解析】句意为：据说他有一个进行幽默点评的习惯。make remarks 进行评论，符合句意。make marks 留下痕迹；make sparks 发出火花，均与句意不符；remarkably为副词与结构不符。【答案】Aconsequence n结果，后果，影响(常用复数形式)；重要性Climate change could have disastrous consequences for farmers.气候变化可能会给农民带来灾难性的后果。She ever lived in France，and as a consequence speaks French fluently.她曾住在法国，因此法语说得很流利。Your views are of no consequence in this matter.在这件事上，你的观点并不重要。In consequence of her bad work I am forced to dismiss her.她工作干得太糟了，我不得不解雇她。As a consequence of being in the hospital Xiao Xin decided to become a nurse.由于在医院的缘故，晓欣决定当一名护士。consequently adv. 结果，因此My car broke down and consequently I was late.我的汽车坏了，所以我迟到了。4.Many houses were completely destroyed in the hurricane which struck the area last week._，the victims had to live in the temporary shelters offered by the Red Cross.AAs a result of BAs a consequenceCAs usual DAs for【解析】as a result of由于的原因，其后要接宾语；as a consequence因此，表结果；as usual通常，像往常一样；as for至于，就而言。句意为：许多房子在上周的飓风中被完全毁掉了，因此，灾民们只能住在由红十字会提供的临时住所中。【答案】Btransform vt.改变，改造；使改观，使转化o.把改变成transform from.从中转变The arrival of electricity transformed peoples lives.电的出现改变了人类的生活。In only 20 years the country has been transformed into an advanced industrial power.这个国家只用了20年就变成了一个先进的工业强国。A caterpillar is transformed into a butterfly.一只毛毛虫变成了蝴蝶。transfer vt.转移，迁移transmit vt.传播，播送transport vt.运输，传送Mr Xi has been transferred from Shanghai to Beijing.习先生已从上海调到北京。The signal for start of war has been transmitted.战争开始的信号被发送出去了。5.The coming of the railways in the 1830s _our social and economic life.Atransformed BtransportedCtransferred Dtransmitted【解析】transform改变；transport运输；transfer转移；迁移；transmit传送；传达。【答案】Amake out 看出，理解，领悟；声称，把说成I can scarcely make out his writing.我几乎辨认不出他的笔迹。I could hardly make out anything in the thick fog.在浓雾中我几乎什么也看不见。He cant make out what she wants.他不知道她想要什么。She always makes out shes the only one who does any work.她总是声称她是唯一干了点活的人。make up化妆；构成；组成，编造；凑数；弥补；(临时)搭床make up for sth.弥补，补偿make fun of取笑make.out of.用做成(改成)make use of利用The bus drive was speeding to make up for lost time.那个公共汽车司机正在加速行驶以补回失去的时间。How can we make it up to them for what they have suffered?我们如何能补偿他们所遭受的损害？That boy made an airplane out of a piece of paper.那个男孩用一张纸做了一架飞机。6.He swallows his words so much that I can never_what he is saying.Amake out Bcatch upCdeal with Dlisten to【解析】考查动词短语辨析。make out 理解，辨认出，符合句意。catch up (with) 赶上；deal with 处理；listen to 听，均不合题意。【答案】Ahave.in common (with)与有共同点Mr Smith and I have nothing in common.(I have nothing in common with Mr Smith.) 史密斯先生和我没有共同之处。They have a lot in common with one another.他们彼此之间有诸多共同之处。(1)in common with 与一样In common with many people，he prefers classical music to pop.和许多人一样，他喜欢古典音乐，而不喜欢流行音乐。(2)in common 公有，共有Real friends should have everything in common.真正的朋友应该不分彼此。Mr and Mrs Smith own the store in common.史密斯夫妇共有这家商店。7.Though British and American English have some differences in spelling，pronunciation，they have much _.Ain general Bin commonCin place Din words【解析】have much in common有很多共同之处；in general 一般来说；in place 适当；in words 用言语。【答案】Bin short 总之，简言之In short，Im in favour of your plan.总之，我赞成你的计划。(1)in general 大体上，一般而言In general，people in the south like rice.一般而言，南方人喜欢吃大米。(2)on the whole总得看来，大体上on the whole，Im satisfied with her progress.总的来说，我对她的进步是满意的。8.Learning a foreign language calls for your memory，time，patience and emotions._it is not a simple thing.AAs a result of BIn shortCIn generally DIn the conclusion【解析】考查词语辨析。in short 总之，用于总结归纳，符合句意。若选A应去掉of；若选C应用in general；若选D应去掉the。【答案】BA group of youths set fire to an old truck.一群年青人放火烧了一辆旧卡车。The police were looking for who set fire to the building.警察正在寻找谁放火烧了那座建筑物。make/start/light a fire点火play with fire玩火catch fire着火(动作)be on fire着火(状态)put out the fire灭火Suddenly，a pan of oil caught fire.突然一锅油着火了。9.The building _ fire suddenly yesterday afternoon.Aset on Bset toCcaught Dbroke out【解析】句意为：昨天下午，大楼突然着火了。set sth.on fire与set fire to sth.都表示“使着火”，在此显然不符题意。catch fire 着火；break out应用fire作主语。【答案】CNo wonder my fellow guests had had only a few bites of each dish；they knew what was still to come.怪不得跟我一起的客人每道菜也就浅尝几口；他们知道还有什么菜要上呢。(Its) no wonder后接that从句，that常可省略，意为“怪不得、难怪；不足为奇；很自然”。No wonder they are so familiar with each other，you know，they are old friends.怪不得他们互相那么熟，你知道，他们是老朋友。Its no wonder that they look similar；they are sisters.怪不得她们长得像，她们是姐妹。Its no wonder (that) he refused my help.难怪他拒绝了我的帮助。(1)wonderU 惊异，惊叹；C 奇迹，神奇的人或事物We looked at the diamond in wonder.我们惊奇地看着那颗钻石。The Great Wall is one of the seven wonders in the world.长城是世界七大奇迹之一。Its the working people who always work wonders.劳动人民创造奇迹。(2)wonder vt.& vi.觉得好奇，想知道(后面可接介词宾语do或从句)Hes always wondering at /about everything.他总是对什么都好奇。I wonder whether/if I can ask you a question.不知能否问你一个问题。I wondered that he couldnt answer such an easy question.他竟然回答不出这样简单的问题，真让我感到奇怪。10.(2020年湖北卷)He hasnt slept at all for three days._ he is tired out.AThere is no point BThere is no needCIt is no wonder DIt is no way【解析】此题考查的是固定搭配。It is no wonder.表示“难怪”。A项“没用”。如：There is no point in getting angry.B项“不需要”，没有D项这种结构，但可以说：(There is) no way.没门儿。【答案】C11(2020年重庆诊断)Did you call Ben？He was on the Net the whole night._I wasnt able to get through.AIn case BNow thatCOn condition DNo wonder【解析】考查短语用法。Ben彻夜都在上网，“难怪”无法与他接通电话。前三项分别表示“万一”“既然”“只要”，都与所给语境不符。【答案】D.单词拼写1There have only been six c_in the shop today.【答案】customers2Any kind of energy can be t_into electricity.【答案】transformed3The people of the village held parties to celebrate another a_harvest.【答案】abundant4Some people say that selfishness is a p_in our society.【答案】poison5The i_traitor was sentenced to death.【答案】infamous6The cook_(尝) the soup and put some more salt into it.【答案】tasted7Owning a private car is the_(趋势) of modern living.【答案】trend8The product contains no_(人造的) colours，flavours or preservatives.【答案】artificial9His illness is the_(结果；后果) of overwork.【答案】consequence10In order to meet the_(要求) of the International Olympic Committee，Beijing has built a lot of equipment.【答案】requirements.短语运用hold ones head high，with the aim of，in reply to，lead to，in no way，be on strike to，go against，be on good terms with，in terms of，make a beeline for11_your inquiry，we have sent you our latest price list.【答案】In reply to12He_and walked p