上海市红桥区2020届高考英语 完形填空和阅理暑假选练（3）

上海市红桥区2020届高考英语 完形填空和阅理暑假选练（3）阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost certainly mention recycling. Recycling in the home is very important of course. However, being forced to recycle often means we already have more material than we need. We are dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the greenest way possible, but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place.The total amount of packaging increased by 12% between 1999 and 2020. It now makes up a third of a typical households waste in the UK. In many supermarkets nowadays food items are packaged twice with plastic and cardboard.Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment. The UK, for example, is running out of areas for burying this unnecessary waste. If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect. Recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy. The solution is not to produce such items in the first place. Food waste is a serious problem, too. Too many supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need. However, a few of them are coming round to the idea that this cannot continue, encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags, for example.But this is not just about supermarkets. It is about all of us. We have learned to associate packaging with quality. We have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality. This is especially true of food. But it also applies to a wide range of consumer products, which often have far more packaging than necessary.There are signs of hope. As more of us recycle, we are beginning to realise just how much unnecessary material we are collecting. We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture, but we have a mountain to climb.1. What does the underlined phrase “that over-consumption” refer to?A. Using too much packaging. B. Recycling too many wastes.C. Making more products than necessary. D. Having more material than is needed.2. The author uses figures in Paragraph 2 to show.A. the tendency of cutting household wasteB. the increase of packaging recyclingC. the rapid growth of supermarketsD. the fact of packaging overuse3. According to the text, recycling.A. helps control the greenhouse effectB. means burning packaging for energyC. is the solution to gas shortageD. leads to a waste of land4. What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?A. Unpackaged products are of bad quality.B. Supermarkets care more about packaging.C. It is improper to judge quality by packaging.D. Other products are better packaged than food.5. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. Fighting wastefulness is difficult.B. Needless material is mostly recycled.C. People like collecting recyclable wastes.D. The author is proud of their consumer culture.【参考答案】1-5 DDACA【 山东省菏泽市2020高考英语一模试题】完形填空。阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。When I was a small boy my family was very poor. My father always used his savings to 21 my mother to visit her parents who lived far away. There was just my younger brother and myself in the house. One evening Dad came home from 22 and there was no food in the house, not 23 a piece of bread. Although we were 24 , my brother and I went to bed without eating anything.My father had no money, but I knew from the 25 on his face that he could not let us have an empty stomach. He 26 the house and about two hours later returned and quickly 27 us up. He had in his hand two small potato pies, which he gave us to eat. I dont know where he got the 28 but somehow he 29 to get us something to eat.My father had not eaten and had worked all day 30 he sat there with great satisfaction watching us eat. This has 31 stayed in my mind and left more of an impression than any amount of 32 he may ever have given me.At that moment, I felt happy knowing that he was there and would not let us 33 .I guess the 34 I am trying to make is that in difficult times it is 35 not to show weakness but strength and character. If a 36 is the cement (粘合剂) that holds a family together, then the father is 37 that strengthens that cement.It is his values and 38 and memories that have carried me forward and helped me to 39 my own problems in life. In my own 40 I have learned that it is the valuable time you spend with your children and the values you give to them that will remain with them always.21. A. force B. encourage C. send D. teach22. A. hospital B. work C. school D. shop23. A. quite B. just C. only D. even24. A. nervous B. hungry C. sleepy D. busy25. A. worry B. pleasure C. disappointment D. surprise26. A. cleaned B. observed C. left D. searched27. A. brought B. put C. called D. woke28. A. chance B. food C. support D. recipe29. A. managed B. decided C. agreed D. waited30. A. so B. or C. but D. and31. A. normally B. always C. shortly D. softly32. A. cost B. time C. salary D. money33. A. suffer B. know C. leave D. cry34. A. decision B. promise C. point D. apology35. A. strange B. important C. difficult D. common36. A. father B. brother C. sister D. mother37. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing38. A. words B. records C. actions D. failures39. A. work out B. carry out C. run into D. look into40. A. opinion B. home C. order D. turn【参考答案】2125 CBDBA 2630 CDBAC 3135 BDACB 3640 DACAD第1模块 完形填空 模块导读（4）探究点三前制性、后制性和语篇性的设空完形填空答案有的由已读过的上文决定， 有的由未读过的下文决定， 还有的要综合上下文而定， 这三种设空方法分别称为前制性设空、后制性设空和语篇性设空。毫无疑问， 前制性设空难度低， 后制性设空难度较高， 语篇性设空难度最大。1前制性设空：答案由已读过的上文决定例1 I couldnt bear the pain of the bites.I woke up my cousin, who was sleeping peacefully in the bed next to mine.Unhappy for being _ she said, “There is nothing you can do”Ablamed Binterrupted Cmoved Dfrightened【解析】 B根据I woke up my cousin可以知道答案。例2 Being alone in outer space can be frightening.That is one reason why astronauts on solo space flights were given plenty of work to keep them _ .Atired Basleep Cconscious Dbusy【解析】 D既然Being alone in outer space can be frightening. 那么astronauts.were given plenty of work的目的就是使他们有事可做。2后制性设空：答案由未读过的下文决定例3 Ring up this lady.She wants a _ immediately.In fact, you would have to start tomorrow by cooking a dinner for ten people.ACook Bhelp Cteacher Dsecretary【解析】 A根据下文have to start tomorrow by cooking a dinner可以知道答案。例4 Liu Mei is among the _ ones. The Chinese University of Hong Kong granted Liu a full scholarship HK$500,000. Not all students are so fortunate.Apoor Bsmart Clucky Dsilent【解析】 C根据下文.granted Liu a full scholarship和Not all students are so fortunate.可以知道答案。例5 It had been a longstanding joke in our family that I wanted a piano so that I could _lessons. “Learn to play the piano, and Ill get you one.” was my husbands response.Agive Btake Cdraw Dteach【解析】 B根据下文Learn to play the piano, and.可以知道答案。3语篇性设空：综合上下文后敲定答案这种设题方式体现了“突出语篇”的命题思路。例6 I did very badly at school.My headmaster thought I was _ and when I was 14 he said, “Youre never going to be anything but a failure.”Abright Buseless Csimple Dhopeful【解析】 B根据上文.did very badly和下文Youre never going to be anything but a failure, 可知答案。例7 I played a racquetball game against my cousin Ed last week. It was one of the most _ games Ive ever had. When Ed suggested we play, I laughed quietly, figuring on an easy victory. .When the game finally ended, both of us were lying flat on our backs. In a way, I think we both won: I won the game, but cousin Ed won my respect.Aencouraging Bhopeless Csurprising Dregular【解析】 C此题并非考查四个词的区别， 而是考查对全文的理解。根据后文提到的作者预计的得分与实际得分相比较， 这场比赛的结果是出人意料的， 所以可以推断C项为正确答案。阅读理解。CoconutCoconut trees can be seen all over the tropical countries everywhere in the world. Coconut trees need warm weather and produce green coconuts which are filled with a colorless coconut juice. If the coconut is fresh, inside are almost all juice and little flesh. Coconut milk is white in color and is extracted from coconut. Green coconuts have the size of a small ball. They have to be opened on top with a knife. You will get the whole coconut in front of you and you drink the coconut juice with a straw(吸管). Once you finish you can ask to cut the coconut in pieces and eat the flesh inside.DragonfruitDragonfruits official name is Pitaya. Its a kind of fruit which is very tasteful despite its outside looks. The pink colored skin is not to be eaten. Cut the fruit in half and use a spoon to eat the grayish flesh. The black seeds can be eaten but they are not digestible.Cempedak(小木菠萝)Cempedak is a native kind of Malaysian fruit. The taste of the fruit is similar to the related Jackfruit(波罗蜜)with a hint of Durian(榴莲). A sweet, mild, and juicy flesh surrounds the peanutlike seeds in a thick layer. The outer cover of the fruit is slightly sticky. Cempedak can be eaten fresh.DurianDurian is one of those tropical fruits you love or hate. I was once told that the smell of durian is the “smell of hell” though I can not comment on this as I have never been to hell! I was also told that in many parts in Indonesia, Malaysia and Thai hotels, durian is not even allowed because of the smell. However, durian is a very popular tropical fruit in Malaysia. Durian is easy to recognize. They are huge green brownish fruits, usually sold at markets and on the roadside. It is k