人教版2020届高三一轮复习Unit 16 Finding jobs教案

Unit 16 Finding jobs考纲要求： 考纲规定的考试范围:重点单词与短语accountant; approve; adviser; chef; astronaut; supporter; outstanding; salary; staff; shortly; applicant; addition; receptionist; greengrocer; adore; vacant; assess; amateur; in touch with; up to date; hold back句型How can they achieve their ambition? achieve ones ambitionWhen David Beckham was a child, he dreamed of playing for Manchester United. dream of 的用法He achieved his ambition and made the red Number 7 shirt famous throughout the world. make +宾语+宾补Be honest, but dont hold back and be modest. hold back 的用法语法：语言综合技能学习 复习本章要达到的目标1. 掌握accountant; approve; adviser; chef; astronaut; supporter; outstanding; salary; staff; shortly; applicant; addition; adore; vacant; assess; in touch with; up to date; hold back等重点单词及短语的用法。2. 掌握hold back 的用法; make +宾语+宾补;apply的相关用法教材知识归纳知识归纳1. One of the students gets in touch with a career adviser.adviser n. 顾问 a financial adviser 财务顾问v. advise 建议相关归纳：advise sb against sth. / doing sth.I would advise against going out on your own. 我劝告你别单独外出。advise that ( should do )They advise that a passport be carried with you at all times.他们建议护照要随身携带。advise sb. on sth.We employ an expert to advise on new technology.我们聘用一位专家作新技术顾问。advise与suggest都可作“建议”讲，二者用法有同有异。(1) 相同点表示建议做某事，advise与suggest都可采用下列三种句型:+名词+动名词+that从句（从句中常用should加动词原形，should可以省略。）Headvised/suggestedanearlystart.Headvised/suggested(our)startingearly.Headvised/suggestedthatwe(should)startearly.(注：只要是用从句表示建议该做的事，从句中就可用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。)上面的第三句可转化为：Itwassuggestedthatwe(should)startearly.Whathesuggestedwasthatwe(should)startearly.Hissuggestionwasthatwe(should)startearly.(2) 不同点 advise后可以跟人称代词作宾语，而suggest后不可以跟人称代词作宾语。故可以说：advisesb.todosth.;advisesb.against(doing)sth.;advisesb.on/aboutsth.;suggest(tosb.)that.前三种结构中不可将advise改为suggest，如：他建议我们去参观博物馆。正Headvisedustogotovisitthemuseum.误Hesuggestedustogotovisitthemuseum.误Hesuggestedusthatwegotovisitthemuseum.suggest还有“暗示、表明、说、指出（一个事实）”的意思。此时从句中用陈述语气，不用虚拟语气。如：Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathewaspleased.Havingexaminedcarefully,thedoctorsuggestedthatthepatientwasseriouslyill.(句中suggest陈述了一个事实，故用陈述语气。)比较：Havingexaminedcarefully,thedoctorsuggestedthatthePatientbeoperatedonatonce.(句中suggest表示建议该做某事，从句中用should加动词原形，should在从句中省略。)2. Davids career took off almost immediately.take off脱下;移去He took off his raincoat and took out the key.他脱下雨衣,拿出钥匙。起飞The plane will take off soon.飞机马上就要起飞了。休假He took two weeks off in August.他在八月份休假了两个星期。3. Every time he plays football he is watched by thousands of adoring Becks fans all over the world.adore v. 热爱， 敬爱,崇拜(可接名词，代词，动名词, 没有进行时态。)She adores good books and the theatre.她很喜欢读好书和看戏。People adore him for his noble character.人们因他人格高贵而敬重他。We adore our sisters and brothers.我们爱自己的兄弟姐妹。She adores going to the theater.她就是爱看戏。注意：adoring可以作形容词用，意思是“崇拜的， 敬意的”He gave her an adoring look.他向她投以爱慕的目光。She refused to play the part of the blindly adoring wife.她不愿当个盲目崇拜丈夫的老婆。She looked at him with adoring eyes.她用崇敬的目光看着他。4. employers do not advertise that they have a vacant jobvacant adj.(1)未占用的, 空着的 ；空的;空白的By the end of the game, the stadium was almost vacant.到比赛结束的时候,体育馆几乎空了。A vacant apartment in New York City is very difficult to find.在纽约市内很难找到一所空的公寓住处。(2)空缺的When the post finally became , they offered it to Kate.这个职位最终空出来以后，他们给了凯特。(3)无神的, 呆滞的She has a vacant look.她脸上没有表情。5. Instead the employers find players with the right abilities and offer them employment.offer(1) offer有“主动提出”“提供”之意，表示提供一种东西或提出一项建议。The young man offered the old woman his won seat.那个年轻人要把自己的座位让给老大娘。They offered him a job at the factory, but he refused.他们提出在工厂给他安排工作，但他拒绝了。They offered a reward for the return of the jewel that had been lost.他们悬赏寻找失去的珠宝。It began to rain, so I offered her my umbrella, but she would not take it.天开始下雨，所以我把雨伞拿给她用，但她不要。(2) offer表示“出价”，与介词for连用，后接某事物。I offered him thirty thousand dollars for the house.我向他出价三万美元买这幢房子。They offered their boat for sale for 2000 dollars.他们把船拿来出售，索价两千美元。They offered him 3000 pounds for the computer.他们愿意出三千镑来买他这台计算机。They offered two hundred francs for the right to reproduce the painting.他们愿意出二百法郎取得这幅画的复制权。(3)offer既可作动词也可作名词用，不论作何种词，后面均可跟动词不定式。He offered to lend me some books.他主动提出要借一些书给我。Thank you for your kind offer to lend me some books.谢谢你好心借给我这些书。Thank you for your offer to help us.谢谢你表示愿意帮助我们。He offered to drive us to the station, but we preferred to walk there.他说他可以开车送我们去车站，但我们宁愿走着去。6. to play for a leading club they must be outstanding.(1)outstanding优秀的，杰出的an player/ achievement 杰出的运动员/ 成绩明显的，重要的the features of the landscape 这一风景的突出特征未支付的，未解决的She has outstanding debts of over $500.她拖欠的债务超过500美元。A lot of work is still . 许多工作尚未完成。(2)outstandingly adv.极其， 非常outstandingly successful 非常成功优异， 极好He performed well but not outstandingly.他表演得很好， 但算不上完美。7. David Beckham accomplished his aim, but what about the other children with the same dream?(1)accomplish 通常接 task, aim, journey, voyage等名词The explorers accomplished the voyage in five weeks.探险队在五周内完成了航程。They didnt accomplish the purpose desired.他们没有达到预期的目的。They have accomplished their mission successfully.他们成功地完成了任务。(2)complete比accomplish具体，可接建筑，工程， 书籍等名词， 指“按预期目的把未完成的工作经经过进一步的努力使之完成”Complete the sentences in the exercise by filling in the blanks.在空白处填充使练习中各句成为完整句。By the end of August we had completed the work.我们到八月底就完成了这项工作。(3)finish在许多情况下可与complete换用， 但不及complete正式When does he finish his college course?他何时大学毕业?I havent finished reading the book yet.我还没读完这本书。8. but it is not just what they do with their feet that counts.count 的用法：(1)起作用, 有价值Every vote counts in an election.在选举中每一张选票都起作用。What really counts is not what you say but what you do.A babys promise counts for nothing. 娃娃的诺言是不算数的。(2)认为， 视为，与 as , for, against 连用He said that he counted me as his dearest person.I count myself lucky to be here with you.我认为与你在一起很幸福。(3)数， 计数Count how many apples are in this box.数一数盒子里有多少苹果9. this is where the clubs assess athletes and find stars of the future.assess的用法：(1)评价，测定He can quickly assess a persons character.他对一个人的性格能很快作出评价。Sometimes its not easy to assess the political situation.有时政治形势不容易判断。(2)估计的价值或数量They assessed the value of the house at $ 250,000.他们估计房子的价值在二十五万美元。10. The salary is low and the job includes salary, income, pay, wages和 fee的区别：(1)salary 一般按月计算，常直接拨入领取者的银行户头。The company is offering a salary of $30.000 per year.那家公司招聘职员，年薪三万。(2)income 一个人或单位所得的收入， 不仅限于工资。Tony lives beyond his income.托尼的花费超出其收入。People on fixed incomes are hurt by price increases.收入固定的人受物价上涨之害最深。(3)pay 一般指雇主定期付给的工资.The miners went on strike for higher pay.矿工举行罢工,要求增加工资。(4)wages 一般指按星期或按日发放的工资， 通常为现款， 一般按小时，日，星期计算。We expect a fair days wage for a fair days work.我们做好一天的工作，就希望得到一天应得的工资。(5)fee (付给律师、医生等的)酬金,服务费Im afraid I cant afford the doctors fee.恐怕我付不起给医生的酬金。11. most children with the same wish will never have the opportunity to wear their favorite teams shirt.chance；occasion；opportunity(1)chance表示(情理上不一定发生而发生的) “偶然、意外的机会”，含有一时的运气和侥幸的意味，比opportunity具有更大的偶然性, 还可以作“冒险”。Let chance decides. 碰碰运气吧!We have a good chance of winning the game.我们很可能赢得这场比赛。He took a big chance when he made the investment.当时他投资时是冒了大风险的。(2)occasion“机会、时机”，是从“时刻，时节”的意思发展为“时机或机会”的，常指一般性的机会。如我们和别人谈话的occasion是随处可以有的，如果我们遇到了可以做某件事的occasion，而我们正希望做某件事，那么这个occasion就成了opportunity。He seized the occasion to invite her home for dinner.他抓住机会邀请她回家里吃饭。(3)opportunity“机遇，好机会”，是a favourable occasion或a good chance，往往是期待着的occasion或chance。Everyone shall have a fair opportunity to make the best of himself.每个人都应该有追求上进的公平机会。There may be an opportunity for you to see the chairman of the board tomorrow.明天你也许有机会见到董事长。Soon he had an opportunity of explaining that to her.不久他便有了向她解释那件事的机会。12. Be honest, but dont hold back and be honest.hold back(1)踌躇，退缩不前Because of the uncertain state of the market, buyers are holding back.由于市场不稳定状态， 买主们都踌躇不前。When danger came, no one held back.危险降临时,无人退缩。(2)阻止，抑制Jim was able hold back his anger and avoid a fight.They built banks of earth to hold back the rising flood waters.他们修筑堤坝来阻挡上涨的洪水。They are accustomed to holding back their emotions.(3)隐瞒， 扣留We were sure he was holding something back from us.我们确信他向我们隐瞒了什么东西。We must have the whole story; dont hold anything back.我们必须了解全部情况，你什么也不要隐瞒。(4)阻碍His poor education is holding him back.他的教育程度阻碍了他的发展。13. For example, an applicantor appealing information.(1)appealing adj. 有趣的， 吸引人的She does look in the dress.她穿着那件裙子确实很有魅力。She looked at him with eyes.她以有感染力的目光注视着他。(2)appeal v.恳求，请求 appeal to sb. for sth.They never appealed to us for mercy.他们从不向我们乞求怜悯。They appealed to him to give up the idea. 投合的心意Bright colors appeal to small children小孩子喜欢鲜亮的颜色.求助于To increase its vote, the party must appeal to the farmers.要想增加选票, 这个党必须求助于农民.14. You need to convince the reader that you understand convince vt. 使某人确信，说服派生词：convincedadj.（做定语）虔诚的convincingadj. 令人信服的，有说服力的convincibleadj. 可被说服的，可喻之以理的相关归纳：(1)convince sb. of sth.使某人相信(2)convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事(3)convince sb. that使某人相信，说服某人It took a long time to convince me of his guilt.花了很长时间才使我相信他是有罪的。How can I convince you of her honesty?我怎样才能使你相信她是诚实的呢？What convinced you to vote for them?究竟是什么使得你愿意投他们的票？We convinced him to go by car.我们说服他开车去。I convinced him to go to the movie.我说服了他去看电影。It was hard to convince you (that) we couldnt afford a new car.很难想使你相信我们买不起一辆新汽车。概念提示重点/热点1：now that; due to; because of; owing to; since; asnow that作“既然”讲时，相当于since。now that中的that 可省去。如：Now(that)you are well again, you can travel, 你既然恢复了健康，就能够旅行了。due to作 “起因于、归功于”时，常作表语或跟在名词后，如：His failure is due to the fact that he lacks experience.他的失败源于他缺少经验。Mistakes due to carelessness may have serious results.粗枝大叶造成的错误可能带来严重后果。The teams success was largely due to her efforts.该队的成功在很大程度上是由于她的努力。because of“由于、因为”，在句中作状语或表语。如：Lincoln is admired because of his good leadership.林肯由于其出色的领导而受到人们的赞赏。His anger is because of your bad deeds.他是因你的失礼行为而生气。owing to“由于、因为”，常在现代英语中与because of, due to换用。如：Owing to unfavourable weather, I was unable to carry on with it.由于天气不好，我不能把它进行下去。重点/热点2：nevertheless conj.然而, 不过adv.仍然, 不过She was very tired, nevertheless she kept on working.她虽然很疲倦，可仍在继续工作。Hes stupid, but I like him nevertheless.他是很笨，然而我喜欢他。We are going nevertheless we shall return.我们要走了, 不过我们还要回来。易混易错点1：as用法总结(1)as用作连词 作“当的时候”解，引导时间状语从句，表示从句动作与主句动作同时发生、同时进行。As he looked at her she made a face.他看她时，她作了个鬼脸。He sang as he walked.他一边走，一边唱。 作“由于”、“因为”解，引导原因状语从句，表示比较明显的原因。由as引导的原因从句通常放在主句之前。As he didnt know much English，he got out his dictionary and looked up the word.由于他不懂得多少英语，他拿出来词典查了这个词。 作“如 (不如)一样”解，引导方式状语从句或比较状语从句。He does not speak as the other people do.他不像其他人那样肯说话。He is not so diligent as you.他不如你勤奋。(soas只用于否定句。若为肯定句必须用asas)引导让步状语从句时，作“虽然”、“尽管” 解，这时，要将表语或状语提到主语之前，使句子部分倒装。如果表语是名词，放在句首时不能加冠词。Young as he is, he knows a lot.尽管年轻，他懂得很多。Old man as he is, he still works hard.尽管他是个老人，他仍然工作很努力。(2) as用作代词 作关系代词，引导限制性定语从句，先行词前常有such，the same与之呼应，构成such.as，the same () as。Well make such computers as are needed in different branches of science.我们将制造出科学的各部门所需要的那种计算机。Im reading the same books as you.我读的书与你读的书相同。引导非限制性定语从句，as常常作主语、定语、表语等，在这种情况下as指的是前面或后面的整个句子。The two cities are far away from each other, as you can see in the map.正如你在地图上看见的那样，这两座城市相距甚远。As everybody knows, all that glitters is not gold.大家都知道，闪光的东西不都是金子。(3) as if (as though) 用作连词，作“就像似的”“仿佛”解as if (as though)引起的方式状语从句或表语从句中动词一般用虚拟语气, be通常为were或was。如从句动作与主句动作同时发生，从句用一般过去时；若从句动作在主句动作之前发生，从句用过去完成时。Jane shouted in surprise as if she saw the land.珍妮惊喊着，好像看见了陆地。Tom is talking about China as if he had been there.汤姆正在谈着中国，好像他去过一样。若主句谓语动词为look，seem，taste，smell等词时，as if引导的表语从句常常使用陈述语气。It looks as if it is going to rain.看起来天好像耍下雨。This meat tastes as if it has already gone bad.这肉尝起来好像已变坏了。当从句中主语和句子主语一致，从句谓语又包含动词be时，这个主语和be可以省略。He glanced about as if (he was) in search of something.他四处打量着好像在搜寻什么。as if (as though)可以接一个不定式短语。He waved his hand to me as if to have something to tell me.他向我挥了挥手好像有事要告诉我。注意：as，when与while的区别as，when，while作为连词，都有“当的时候”的意思。* as常可与when或while通用，但它较强调主句和从句中的动作或事情同时发生。因此，常作“一面一面”解。 * while常表示一段较长的时间或一个过程，强调主句的动词和从句的动词所表示的动作或状态是同时发生的。用while引导的从句中用延续性动词。As (WhenWhile) I was walking down the street, l noticed a police car in front of Number 37. 我沿着大街往前走的时候，注意到37号门前停着一辆警车。When the clock struck twelve, all the lights went out.钟敲12下时，灯全熄了。When I went into the lab, the professor was doing an experiment.当我走进实验室时，那位教授正在做实验。Please keep quiet while others are studying.别人在学习的时候，请保持安静。While I was writing letters last night, he was watching TV.昨晚我在写信的时候，他在看电视。讲题组课内题例与课后题：课内题例1. According to a recent U.S. survey, children spent up to 25 hours a week _ TV.A. to watch B. to watching C. watching D. watch变式1. The boy spent the whole day _ in the room.A. locking B. locked C. being locked D. to lock解析：本题考查“spend time (in) doing”。答案：C变式1. 选A的话缺少宾语，并且意思不对； 正确答案为B 可以视为是形容词作状语表示伴随的用法。2. Theyve _ us 150,000 for the house. Shall we take it?A. provided B. supplied C. shown D. offered变式1. Thank you for your kind of help. A. offer B. afford C. award D. reward解析：本题考查动词的用法。Offer此处的意思为“出价”。答案：D解析：该句意思是“感谢你想给予帮助的好意。”offer 可以作名词“提供,提议”的意思。答案：A3. The boy must _ something from us because he ran away hurriedly.A. hold back B. hold up C. hold up D .hold on变式1. We _ until help comes.A. hold back B. hold up C. hold up D .hold out解析：3. 考查短语hold sth. back from sb. 意思是向某人隐瞒。答案：A变式1. 该句意思是“我们一直坚持到帮助到来的时候。”hold out 的其中一个用法是坚持，答案：D4.The teacher didnt approve of the students _ in class.A. sleeping B. to sleep C. slept D. having sleptThe building plan has been _ and the construction will begin next week.A. checked B. approved C. awarded D .agreed解析：4. approve of doing sth. 答案：A变式1. 建筑计划已经被批准，approve 作批准这一用法时为及物动词，符合题意。如选D应改为agreed to。答案：D5. What field will your son go into after graduation from Nanjing University? Im not quite certain, but he _ a good teacher of English.A. promisesB. becomesC. makesD. proves本题考查动词在具体语境中的意义。promise在此处的意思为“预示会成为”，其他三个选项的动词意义与本题语境不符。答案：A课后题：1. She adores _ to the cinema.A. to go B. go C. going D to going2. Some school authorities _ a teachers achievement or his ability by the number of his students who pass the public examinations.A. assess B. assign C. estimate D/ calculate3. The only _ of the plan is that it costs too much.A. drawback B. mistake C. fault D. shortcoming4. By the time you arrive home, I _, so please dont make any noise when you come in.A. shall have been sleeping B. shall have sleptC. shall sleep D. shall be sleeping5. Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores, and this is especially true _ it comes to classroom tests.A. before B. since C. when D. after解析：1. C. adore 后加doing sth. 作宾语。答案：C2. A该句意思是“一些学校的管理人员通过考上大学的人数来评价一个老师的成就或能力。”assess意思是“评价”符合题意。答案：A3. drawback 指某事物具有的不利之处符合题意。答案：A4. C when it comes to意为当提到或谈到。5. C 考查动词短语辨析，go off意为（食物等）变坏。课后练习题A组：1. The essay is due next Friday. I have done a rough _ but havent written it up yet.A. drought B. draft C. drainage D .drama2. These new books are a very welcome _ to the school library.A. addition B. arrival C. attitude D. audience3. He was rejected for the fob vacancy because he couldnt be _ even for the interview.A. responsible B. beneficial C. punctual D. regular4. The young lady prefers dressing up for a party to _ by others.A. be noticedB. being noticedC. having been noticedD. have been noticed5. Before the war broke out, many people _ possessions they could not take with them.A. threw awayB. put awayC. gave awayD. carried away6. _ the pressure from work, teachers have to deal with psychological problems caused by interpersonal relationship.A. As far asB. As long asC. As well asD. As soon as7. When he realized the police had seen him, the man _ the exit as quickly as possible.A. made upB. made forC. made outD. made off8. In the traffic accident, his father came close to _.A. be killedB. being killedC. killD. killing9. The heroic story that the university student had saved a peasants life hit the _ in “China Youth Daily”.A. resultsB. effortsC. rewardsD. headlines10. _ has recently been done to provide more buses for the people, a shortage of public vehicles remains a serious problem.A. ThatB. WhatC. In spite of whatD. Though what解析：1. draft 意为“草稿”符合题意。答案：B2. addition意为增加的人(或物).答案：A3. be punctual for 准时赶上。答案：C4. A 本题考查非谓语动词的用法。由句意可知，此处的非谓语在句中作目的状语，意思为“这位年轻的女子喜欢化妆是为了能被别人注意到”。5. B 本题主要考查对动词短语的意义辨析。选项A的意思是“扔掉”；选项B的意思是“把