2020高考英语一轮复习 BookI Unit15教学案 人教大纲版

2020;2020高考英语一轮教学案大纲版Unit 15-Unit 16单元考查重点及热点Unit 15单词dormitory surely diamond explain recognize jewellery franc continue lovely debt precious positive attend earn besides ball lecture silly author outline quality短语call on bring back day and night pay lff at most act out句型1.否定转移2.表示“价值；花费”的句型Unit 16单词experiment glove gas liquid advantage disadvantage application engine nuclear comfort unnecessary successful conduct lightning thunderstorm string charge electric shock prove tear frame handkerchief control sharp foot fasten sense shampoo skin drug activist doubt cruel view conclusion短语a number of a great deal of pick out test on bring out try on come up with take care dream of doing build up belong to set free句型1.祈使句+and/then/or/otherwise+陈述句结构2.to do作表语的句型结构Unit 15理解:要点诠释单词1.explain讲： vi.& vt.解释；说明（原因）explain用作及物动词时，后面可跟名词，复合宾语，动词不定式和宾语从句作宾语。例：I was asked to explain to him the meaning of the sentence.我被要求向他解释那个句子的意思。How do you explain your rude behavior?你如何为自己的粗鲁行为辩解？She explained that she couldnt come because she was ill.她解释说因为生病所以她不能来了。链接提示(1)表示“向某人解释某事”时，sb.前必须使用介词to，即explain to sb. sth./explain sth.to sb.。(2)explain的名词为explanation。练：(1)(2020;2020天津模拟) You should understand the traffic rule by now.Youve had it _ often enough.A.explaining B.to explain C.explain D.explained提示:本题考查句型have sth.done。意思是:你应该明白交通规则了，你已经让人解释的够多的了。have sth.done这个结构有两个含义:(1)主语让别人做某事；(2)主语遭受到不好的经历，解题时应将两者区分开。还应注意have sb. do，have sb. doing和have sth. doing这几个结构。答案:D(2)(2020;2020云南统一检测) The maths problem remained confusing to the boy although _ over and over.A.explaining B.being explainedC.explained D.having explained提示:该题为状语从句的省略，补全后从句为although it was explained over and over。答案：C(3)Is this the reason _ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?A.he explained B.what he explainedC.how he explained D.why he explained提示:reason在定语从句中作宾语，故排除D项；what和how不能引导定语从句，故选A，省略关系代词that。答案:A2.recognize讲: v.认出；承认；分辨出例：Though she changed much,I recognized her at first sight.虽然她变化很大，我还是一眼就认出了她。They recognized him to be a great leader.他们承认他是一位伟大的领袖。He didnt recognize (=admit) that he had made a big mistake.他不承认自己犯下了大错。I recognize that he is cleverer than I am.我承认他比我聪明。链接提示(1)be recognized as.被公认为/承认是(2)recognize sb./sth.as/to be.认为某物是练：(1)We hadnt met for 20 years,but I _ her the moment I saw her.A.knew B.realized C.recognized D.met提示:本题考查词义辨析。recognize“认出；分辨出”;realize“意识到”；know“认识”。上文说“已经二十年没见面了”，接着说“但是一见面还是认出她了”。故选C。答案:C(2)I was dismissed.Only then did I _ that I had either forgotten or completely ignored my own black skin.A.realize B.regard C.recognize D.admit提示:本句话的意思为“我被解雇了，只有那时我才意识到我忘记了或者完全忽视了我黑色的皮肤”。答案:A3.continue讲:v.继续例：The exhibition continues until 25 July.展览要持续到7月25日。Are you going to continue with the project?你要继续做这个项目吗？链接提示(1)continue doing sth.=continue to do sth.=continue with sth.继续做某事(2)continue可以用作系动词，后接形容词或介词短语作表语The weather will continue fine in the weekend.周末仍是晴天。练：Although it was already dark,they _ to work in the fields.A.stopped B.failed C.continued D.went on with提示:如果选用stopped或failed，就会出现逻辑错误；go on with后不能接动词不定式。故选C。答案:C短语1.call on讲：该短语的义项有“拜访；看望(某人)”。call on后接人作宾语，指进行短暂的拜访。例：Please call on me next time you are in New York.下次来纽约时请来我家玩。He had come half a dozen times to call on his sister.他曾来过五六次看望他的姐姐。链接拓展(1)call at参观、拜访某地后接地点名词，表示到某人的家或其他场所去拜访某人。(2)call for要求；需要；去接某人；去拿某物(3)call up打电话；使想起；使回忆起(4)call in召集；请；要求退回；收回(5)call off决定取消；下令停止(6)call back叫回；再度访问；回电话练：(1)(2020;2020北京模拟) Its the present situation in poor areas that _ much higher spending on education and training.A.answers for B.provides forC.calls for D.plans for提示:本题是一个强调句式，强调主语the present situation in poor areas。句意为:贫困地区的当前形势要求更高的教育和培训经费。answer for“负责；保证”；provide for“预防；提供；规定”；plan for“为制订计划”；call for“要求；需要”。只有call for符合句意。动词短语是历年模拟的重点，平时应多注意知识的积累。答案:C(2)What time would you like me to _ this evening for the concert?I think 6:30 will be OK.A.pick up you B.call you forC.call on you D.call for you提示:A项结构错误，因为up是副词，要放在代词宾语you之后；call for中的for是介词，应放在宾语you前，因此，B项也是结构错误；C项与句意不符。故选D。call for sb.的意思是“接某人”。答案:D2.pay off讲:该短语的义项有“还清(债务等)；付清；合算；上算”。例：Ive now paid off all my debts.我现在已经全部付清债务了。He hoped he would have an opportunity to pay them off.他希望有机会把他们偿还掉。They doubted whether all this work would pay off.他们怀疑这样干是否合算。链接拓展(1)pay back偿还He paid me back the 100 dollars he owed me.他把欠我的那100美元还给我了。(2)pay for付款；受到报应Did you pay him 100 dollars for that old car?你付给他100美元买他那辆旧自行车了吗？Youll have to pay for your crime.你将为你的罪行受到惩罚。练：Since there was a rapid increase in his business,his efforts _.A.paid in B.paid off C.paid back D.paid for提示:短语pay off在此的意思为“带来好结果；成功”。答案:B句型1.否定转移讲：注意观察下面教材原句:I dont think I know you.我想我不认识你。英语中有些动词如think,believe,expect,feel,imagine,suppose等后面若跟否定意义的宾语从句，否定词要移到主句谓语动词的前面，这一现象被称为否定转移。注意其反意疑问句部分，当主句的主语是第一人称时，后面的反意疑问句根据从句而定；若为其他人称，则随主句而定。例：I dont believe he will come.我相信他不会来。I dont suppose anyone will believe him.我想没有人会相信他的话。He doesnt think it will rain,does he?他认为天不会下雨，是吗？链接提示当宾语从句中出现下列结构时，否定词不可移到主句中:(1)当从句中用cant help doing sth.时;I suppose everyone cant help laughing at your idea.我想大家会禁不住为你的想法发笑。(2)当从句中用not.until.时;I believe he wont come until late in the evening.我相信他晚上很晚才会来。(3)当从句中有neednt do sth.时;I think you needt do it again.我想你不必再做了。(4)当从句中有not do sth.yet时。I suppose they havent come back yet.我猜他们还没回来。练：I dont expect you can finish the work in three days,_?A.dont I B.do I C.can you D.cant you提示:本题考查否定转移结构中的反意疑问句。在否定转移的句子中，主句的主语是第一人称时，反意疑问句应根据宾语从句而定，若为其他人称，则随主句而定。答案:C2.表示“价值；花费”的句型讲：注意观察下面教材原句:It was worth five hundred francs at most.它至多值500法郎。It cost us thirty-six thousand francs.它花了我们三万六千法郎。A new dress costs over four hundred francs.一件新的晚礼服要花四百多法郎。例：How much did it cost to build the bridge?建这座桥花费了多少钱？It will cost you 500 dollars to repair the car.修理这部汽车你要花费500美元。Such a difficult job costs a lot of time and effort.这么困难的工作需要耗费极多的时间和精力。链接提示(1)be worth+money与sth.+cost+money的意思相同，表示“某样东西值多少钱”，而sth.cost sb.+money表示“某种东西花了某人多少钱”。(2)表示“花费”的句型还有:sb.+spend+money/time+on sth./(in)doing sth.；sb.+pay money+for sth.；It takes sb.some time to do sth.；sb.pay money for sth.；sb.buy sth.for moneyI spent my summer vacation(in)reading and fishing.我的暑假是在看书和钓鱼中度过的。It takes us thirty minutes to walk from here to the station.我们从这里步行去车站要30分钟。(3)be worth doing表示“值得”，该结构中需要用主动形式表示被动意思。This book is well worth reading.这本书很值得一读。练：(1)It will_ determination and hard work to master a foreign language.There is no doubt about it.A.spend B.cost C.pay D.take提示:it是形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语。故选D。答案：D(2)How long did you _ cleaning your room yesterday?A.cost B.spend C.pay D.take提示:主语为you，排除A项；依据cleaning确定答案为B。答案:B辨析1.join,attend,take part injoin,attend,和take part in都可译作“参加”，但搭配和含义均有所不同。join指加入某一组织或团体，成为其中一员，也可指加入正在从事某种活动的人们的行列，结构为join sb. in doing sth.。attend通常用于参加会议、听课、听报告等。还可指照顾、护理等。take part in通常指参加某项活动。即时练习:(1)Did your son _ school yesterday?(2)He _ the army when he was only sixteen and _ the Party a year later.(3)He _ the last Olympic Games and won a gold medal.(4)Her mother is ill.She has to stay at home to _ her.答案:(1)attend (2)joined,joined (3)took part in (4)attend2.go on doing,go on to do,go on with,continue(1)go on doing sth.指继续做同一件事。(2)go on to do sth.指接着做另外一件事。(3)go on with sth.指继续同一件事，此时with后能接名词、代词，不能跟-ing形式。(4)continue 继续同一件事，也可以是另一件事。该词有以下用法:continue+n.；continue doing/to do。即时练习:(1)The rain _ for three days.(2)They _ their game after lunch.(3)He _ writing/to write late into the night.(4)The weather_ (=remains)cold.(5)After a short rest,they _ working.(6)After finishing the words,they _ to go over the text.(7)Einstein _ his research.答案:(1)continued (2)continued/went on with (3)continued (4)continues (5)went on (6)went on (7)went on with诱思:实例点拨情态动词是第13、第14和第15单元的重点语法。对于汉语中不存在的情态动词，学生感到不好掌握；对于考查情态动词的选择题，学生也感到无处下手，但是模拟中却频繁出现考查情态动词的题目。因此，在平时要下大工夫去掌握情态动词的意义、结构和用法。【例1】 (2020;2020湖北模拟) If I _ plan to do anything I wanted to,Id like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible.A.would B.could C.had to D.ought to提示:条件状语从句的意思为:如果我能为我想做的事情做个计划。只有could符合句意。答案:B【例2】 (2020;2020湖南模拟) Lucy doesnt mind lending you her dictionary.She_ .Ive already borrowed one.A.cant B.mustnt C.neednt D.shouldnt提示:由下文可知，她不需要那样做。答案:C【例3】 (2020;2020全国模拟) John,look at the time._ you play the piano at such a late hour?A.Must B.Can C.May D.Need提示:本题考查情态动词的基本用法。句意为“约翰，看看时间，你非得这么晚的时间弹钢琴吗？”语句中含有诘问的语气，用must表示。答案:A【例4】 (2020