江苏省宜兴市第二高级中学2020届高三英语一轮复习《阅读、完形》强化训练（无答案）

完形、阅读强化训练一、完形填空Organized volunteering and work experience has long been a vital companion to university degree courses. Usually it is left to _1_ to deduce(推断) the potential from a list of extracurricular adventures on a graduates resume, _2_ now the University of Bristol has launched an award to formalize the achievements of students who _3_ time to activities outside their courses. Bristol PLUS aims to boost(有助于) students in an increasingly _4_ job market by helping them acquire work and life skills alongside _5_ qualifications.Our students are a pretty active bunch, but we found that they didnt _6_ appreciate the value of what they did _7_ the lecture hall, says Jeff Goodman, director of careers and employability at the university. Employers are much more _8_ than they used to be. They used to look for _9_ and saw it as part of their job to extract(获取) the value of an applicants skills. Now they want students to be able to explain why those skills are _10_ to the job.Students who sign _11_ for the award will be expected to complete 50 hours of work experience or _12_ work, attend four workshops on employ-ability skills, take part in an intensive skills-related activity _13_, write a summary of the skills they have gained. _14_ efforts will gain an Outstanding Achievement Award. Those who _15_ best on the sports field can take the Sporting PLUS Award which fosters employer-friendly sports accomplishments.The experience does not have to be _16_ organized. Were not just interested in easily identifiable skills, says Goodman. _17_ , one student took the lead in dealing with a difficult landlord and so _18_ negotiation skills. We try to make the experience relevant to individual lives.Goodman hopes the _19_ will enable active students to fill in any gaps in their experience and encourage their less-active _20_ to take up activities outside their academic area of work.1. A. advisors B. specialists C. critics D. employers2. A. which B. but C. unless D. since3. A. divide B. devote C. deliver D. donate4. A. harmonious B. competitive C. resourceful D. adventurous5. A. artistic B. technical C. academic D. interactive6. A. consequently B. deliberately C. necessarily D. gracefully7. A. outside B. along C. over D. through8. A. generous B. considerate C. challenging D. demanding9. A. origin B. initial C. popularity D. potential10. A. relevant B. responsive C. reluctant D. respective11. A. out B. off C. away D. up12. A. casual B. elective C. domestic D. voluntary13. A. or B. thus C. so D. and14. A. Occasional B. Exceptional C. Informative D. Relative15. A. perform B. convey C. behave D. conduct16. A. roughly B. randomly C. formally D. fortunately17. A. For instance B. With regard C. In contrast D. Of course18. A. involved B. determined C. operated D. acquired19. A. device B. section C. scheme D. distraction20. A. attendants B. agents C. members D. classmates二、阅读理解1American universities are accepting more minorities than ever. Graduating them is another matter.Barry Mills, the president of Bowdoin College, was justifiably proud of Bowdoins efforts to recruit minority students. Since 2020 the small, elite liberal arts school in Brunswick, Maine, has boosted the proportion of so-called under-represented minority students in entering freshman classes from 8% to 13%. It is our responsibility to reach out and attract students to come to our kinds of places, he told a NEWSWEEK reporter. But Bowdoin has not done quite as well when it comes to actually graduating minorities. While 9 out of 10 white students routinely get their diplomas within six years, only 7 out of 10 black students made it to graduation day in several recent classes.If you look at who enters college, it now looks like America, says Hilary Pennington, director of postsecondary programs for the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, which has closely studied enrollment patterns in higher education. But if you look at who walks across the stage for a diploma, its still largely the white, upper-income population.The United States once had the highest graduation rate of any nation. Now it stands 10th. For the first time in American history, there is the risk that the rising generation will be less well educated than the previous one. The graduation rate among 25- to 34-year-olds is no better than the rate for the 55- to 64-year-olds who were going to college more than 30 years ago. Studies show that more and more poor and non-white students want to graduate from college but their graduation rates fall far short of their dreams. The graduation rates for blacks, Latinos, and Native Americans lag far behind the graduation rates for whites and Asians. As the minority population grows in the United States, low college graduation rates become a threat to national prosperity.The problem is pronounced at public universities. In 2020 the University of Wisconsin-Madison one of the top five or so prestigious public universities graduated 81% of its white students within six years, but only 56% of its blacks. At less-selective state schools, the numbers get worse. During the same time frame, the University of Northern Iowa graduated 67% of its white students, but only 39% of its blacks. Community colleges have low graduation rates generally but rock-bottom rates for minorities. A recent review of California community colleges found that while a third of the Asian students picked up their degrees, only 15% of African-Americans did so as well.Private colleges and universities generally do better, partly because they offer smaller classes and more personal attention. But when it comes to a significant graduation gap, Bowdoin has company. Nearby Colby College logged an 18-point difference between white and black graduates in 2020 and 25 points in 2020. Middlebury College in Vermont, another top school, had a 19-point gap in 2020 and a 22-point gap in 2020. The most selective private schools Harvard, Yale, and Princeton show almost no gap between black and white graduation rates. But that may have more to do with their ability to select the best students. According to data gathered by Harvard Law School professor Lani Guinier, the most selective schools are more likely to choose blacks who have at least one immigrant parent from Africa or the Caribbean than black students who are descendants of American slaves.Higher education has been able to duck this issue for years, particularly the more selective schools, by saying the responsibility is on the individual student, says Pennington of the Gates Foundation. If they fail, its their fault. Some critics blame affirmative action students admitted with lower test scores and grades from shaky high schools often struggle at elite schools. But a bigger problem may be that poor high schools often send their students to colleges for which they are undermatched: they could get into more elite, richer schools, but instead go to community colleges and low-rated state schools that lack the resources to help them. Some schools out for profit cynically increase tuitions and count on student loans and federal aid to foot the billknowing full well that the students wont make it. The school keeps the money, but the kid leaves with loads of debt and no degree and no ability to get a better job. Colleges are not holding up their end, says Amy Wilkins of the Education Trust.There once was a time when universities took pride in their dropout rates. Professors would begin the year by saying, Look to the right and look to the left. One of you is not going to be here by the end of the year. But such a Darwinian spirit is beginning to give way as at least a few colleges face up to the graduation gap. At the University of Wisconsin-Madison, the gap has been roughly halved over the last three years. The university has poured resources into peer counseling to help students from inner-city schools adjust to the rigor (严格要求) and faster pace of a university classroomand also to help minority students overcome the stereotype that they are less qualified. Wisconsin has a laserlike focus on building up student skills in the first three months, according to vice provost Damon Williams.1. What is the authors main concern about American higher education?A. The small proportion of minority students.B. The low graduation rates of minority students.C. The growing conflicts among ethnic groups.D. The poor academic performance of students.2. What was the pride of President Barry Mills of Bowdoin College?A. The reputation of its liberal arts programs.B. Its ranking among universities in Maine.C. The high graduation rates of its students.D. Its increased enrollment of minority students.3. What is the risk facing America?A. Its schools will be overwhelmed by the growing number of illegal immigrants.B. The rising generation will be less well educated than the previous one.C. More poor and non-white students will be denied access to college.D. It is going to lose its competitive edge in higher education.4. How many African-American students earned their degrees in California community colleges according to a recent review?A. Fifty-six percent.B. Thirty-nine percent.C. Fifteen percent.D. Sixty-seven percent.5. Harvard, Yale, and Princeton show almost no gap between black and white graduation rates mainly because _.A. their students work harderB. they recruit the best studentsC. their classes are generally smallerD. they give students more attention6. How does Amy Wilkins of the Education Trust view minority students failure to get a degree?A. Universities are to blame.B. Students dont work hard.C. The government fails to provide the necessary support.D. Affirmative action should be held responsible.2 （原创）Blind from birth, I have never had the opportunity to see myself and have been completely dependent on the image I create in the eye of the observer.There are those who assume that since I cant see, I obviously also cannot hear. Very often people will converse with me at the top of their lungs, enunciating each word very carefully. Conversely, people will also often whisper, assuming that since my eyes dont work, my ears dont either. For example, when I go to the airport and ask the ticket agent for assistance to the plane, he or she will invariably pick up the phone, call a ground hostess and whisper, “Hi, Jane, weve got a 76 here.” I have concluded that the word “blind” is not used for one of two reasons: Either they fear that if the dread word is spoken, the ticket agents retina will immediately detach, or they are reluctant to inform me of my condition of which I may not have been previously aware.On the other hand, others know that of course I can hear, but believe that I cant talk. Often, therefore, when my wife and I go out to dinner, a waiter or waitress will ask Kit if “he would like a drink” to which I respond that “indeed he would. This point was graphically(生动形象地) driven home to me while we were in England. I had been given a years leave of absence from my Washington law firm to study for a diploma-in-law degree at Oxford University. During the year I became ill and was hospitalized. Immediately after admission, I was wheeled down to the X-ray room. Just at the door sat an elderly woman elderly I would judge from the sound of her voice. “What is his name?” the woman asked the orderly who had been wheeling me.“Whats your name?” the orderly repeated to me.“Harold Krents,” I replied.“Harold Krents,” he repeated.“When was he born?”“When were you born?”“November 5, 1944,” I responded.“November 5, 1944,” the orderly intoned.This procedure continued for approximately five minutes at which point even my saint-like disposition(性格) deserted me. “Look,” I finally blurted out, this is absolutely ridiculous. Okay, granted I cant see, but its got to have become pretty clear to both of you that I dont need an interpreter.”“He says he doesnt need an interpreter,” the orderly reported to the woman.The toughest misconception of all is the view that because I cant see, I cant work. I was turned down by over forty law firms because of my blindness, even though my qualifications included a cum laude(以优等成绩毕业) degree from Harvard College and a good ranking in my Harvard Law School class. The attempt to find employment, the continuous frustration of being told that it was impossible for a blind person to practice law, the rejection letters, not based on my lack of ability but rather on my disability, will always remain one of the most disillusioning(幻想破灭的) experiences of my life.Fortunately, this view of limitation and exclusion is beginning to change. On April 16, 1976, the Department of Labor issued regulations that mandate equal-employment opportunities for the handicapped. By and large, the business communitys response to offering employment to the disabled has been enthusiastic.I therefore look forward to the day, with the expectation that it is certain to come, when employers will view their handicapped workers as a little child did me years ago when my family still lived in Scarsdale. I was playing basketball with my father in our backyard according to procedures we had developed. My father would stand beneath the hoop, shout, and I would shoot over his head at the basket attached to the garage. Our next-door neighbor, aged five, wandered over into our yard with a playmate. “Hes blind,” our neighbor whispered to her friend in a voice that could be heard distinctly by Dad and me. Dad shot and missed; I did the same. Dad hit the rim: I missed entirely; Dad shot and missed the garage entirely. “Which one is blind?” whispered back the little friend.I would hope that in the near future when a plant manager is touring the factory with the foreman and comes upon a handicapped and non-handicapped person working together, his comment after watching them work will be, “Which one is disabled?”1. What is the main idea of Paragraph 2?A. It is generally assumed that people who cannot see cannot hear.B. The way many people behave in the presence of the blind can be described as “silly”.C. Some people think it is impolite to use the word “blind” in the presence of blind people.D. Airline personnel use the number “76” to refer to blind people.2. In Paragraph 3, rather than telling what happened in his own words, the author usesa dialogue. He does this for all the following reasons EXCEPT _.A. to impress readers with his ability to recall the exact words in a conversationB. to help readers experience the situationC. to illustrate exactly how ridiculous the people wereD. to dramatize the frustration he felt3. It can be inferred from the passage that _.A. the author feels that he is greatly admired by the people who meet himB. the author feels that he can make his point more effectively with humor than with a serious lectureC. the author got good grades at Harvard Law School because he was given special privileges reserved for blind studentsD. Department of Labor regulations were enacted because the author complained publicly about the discrimination he experienced while looking for a job4. What is the central theme of the passage?A. The author leads a very fulfilling life as a lawyer despite his disability.B. Blind people often have difficulty finding jobs because employers prefer to hire sighted people.C. Handicapped people need to organize and campaign for better laws to protect them.D. People often assume that because blind people cannot see, they cannot hear, learn or work.3Most of us are taught to pay attention to what is saidthe words. Words do provide us with some information, but meanings are derived from so many other sources that it would hinder our effectiveness as a partner to a relationship to rely too heavily on words alone. Words are used to describe only a small part of the many ideas we associate with any given message. Sometimes we can gain insight into some of those associations if we listen for more than words. We dont always say what we mean or mean what we say. Sometimes our words dont mean anything except Im letting off some steam. I dont really want you to pay close attention to what Im saying. Just pay attention to what Im feeling. Mostly we mean several things at once. A person wanting to purchase a house says to the current owner, This step has to be fixed before Ill buy. The owner says, Its been like that for years. Actually, the step hasnt been like that for years, but the unspoken message is: I dont want to fix it. We put up with it. Why cant you? The search for a more expansive view of meaning can be developed of examining a message in terms of who said it, when it occurred, the related conditions or situation, and how it was said.When a message occurs can also reveal associated meaning. Let us assume two couples do exactly the same amount of kissing and arguing. But one couple always kisses after an argument and the other couple always argues after a kiss. The ordering of the behaviors may mean a great deal more than the frequency of the behavior. A friends unusually docile behavior may only be understood by noting that it was preceded by situations that required an abnormal amount of assertiveness. Some responses may be directly linked to a developing pattern of responses and defy logic. For example, a person who says No! to a s