讲练测2020年高考英语一轮复习 Unit 4 Earthquakes（测）（含解析）新人教版必修1

Unit 4 Earthquakes单元检测卷（时间50分钟；满分100分）班级_姓名_考号_得分_I 语言知识及应用 (共两节，满分45分)第一节 完形填空 (共20小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 【陕西省西工大附中2020届高三下学期模拟考试（一）】The measure of a mans real character is what he would do if he knew he would never be found out. Thomas MacaulayAbout thirty years ago, I was studying in a public school in New York. One day, Mrs. Nanette ONeill gave a math 1 to our class. When the papers were 2 , she discovered that twelve boys had made exactly the 3 mistakes throughout the test.There is nothing really new about 4 in exams. Perhaps that was 5 Mrs. ONeill didnt even say a word about it. She only asked the twelve boys to 6 after class. I was one of the twelve.Mrs. ONeill asked 7 questions, and she didnt 8 us, either. Instead, she wrote on the blackboard the 9 words by Thomas Macaulay. She then ordered us to copy these words into our exercise-books one hundred times.I dont know about the other eleven boys. Speaking for 10 I can say: it was the most important single 11 of my life. Thirty years after being introduced to Macaulays words, they 12 seem to me the best yardstick (准绳) now because they give us a way to 13 ourselves rather than others.14 of us are asked to make 15 decisions about nations going to war or armies going to battle. But all of us are called 16 daily to make a great many personal decisions. Should the wallet, 17 in the street, be put into a pocket or 18 to the policeman? Should the 19 change received at the store be forgotten or 20 ? Nobody will know except you. But you have to live with yourself, and it is always better to live with someone you respect.1. A. paper B. question C. test D. problem2. A. marked B. completed C. examined D. answered3. A. easy B. same C. funny D. serious4. A. lying B. discussing C. guessing D. cheating5. A. because B. when C. why D. how6. A. remain B. apologize C. leave D. come7. A. many B. certain C. no D. more8. A. excuse B. reject C. help D. scold9. A. above B. common C. following D. unusual10. A. herself B. ourselves C. themselves D. myself11. A. chance B. incident C. lesson D. memory12. A. still B. even C. always D. almost13. A. adjust B. control C. help D. measure14. A. All B. Few C. Some D. None15. A. quick B. wise C. great D. personal16. A. upon B. out C. for D. up17. A. finding B. found C. find D. founded18. A. turned up B. turned on C. turned over D. turned back19. A. small B. extra C. some D. necessary20. A. paid B. remembered C. shared D. returned1. C考查名词辨析。A. paper 试卷，纸；B. question 问题； C. test 测试； D. problem 问题；根据第一段末的test一词可以判断作者在进行考试，选C。2. A考查动词辨析。A. marked 判分；做记号；B. completed 完成；C. examined 检查； D. answered回答；从情理可知只有判完试卷后才会发现问题，选A。3. B考查形容词辨析。A. easy 容易的；B. same 相同的；C. funny 有趣的；D. serious严肃的；从下文内容可知作者和那些同学都作弊了，所以都错了同样的地方，选B。4. D考查动词辨析。A. lying 躺，说谎； B. discussing 讨论； C. guessing 猜想；D. cheating 作弊，欺骗；根据上文内容可知在作者的学校当时作弊是很常见的，选D。5. C考查连词辨析。A. because 因为； B. when 当时候； C. why 为什么； D. how如何；根据前后内容可知是因果关系，固定句型：That is why那就是为什么，选C。6. A考查动词辨析。A. remain 留下，保持；B. apologize 道歉； C. leave 离开； D. come 来；从下文可知放学后老师把这些学生留下来抄写句子，故选A。7. C考查代词辨析。A. many 许多B. certain 某些，确信； C. no 不； D. more更多；根据后句either可知此句是否定句，选C。8. D考查动词辨析。A. excuse 原谅； B. reject 拒绝； C. help 帮助； D. scold责怪；根据上句内容可知老师没有说什么话，也没有责怪他们，选D。9. A考查形容词辨析。A. above 以上的；B. common 常见的； C. following 接下来的； D. unusual不寻常的；从下文可知作者永远地记住了文章开始的话，也就是老师让他们抄写的句子，故选A。10. D考查代词辨析。A. herself 她自己；B. ourselves 我们自己；C. themselves 他们自己；D. myself我自己；固定短语：for oneself 为自己，代表自己；选D。11. C考查名词辨析。A. chance 机会； B. incident 事件； C. lesson 课，教训； D. memory记忆；从上文内容可知作者受到了教训，学到了人生中宝贵的一课，选C。12. A考查副词辨析。A. still 仍然； B. even 甚至； C. always 总是；D. almost几乎；从上文内容可知三十年后作者仍然记得那些话，故选A。13. D考查动词辨析。A. adjust 调整，适应； B. control控制； C. help帮助； D. measure测量；根据首句内容可知这句话是衡量一个人的标准，选D。14. B考查代词辨析。A. All 全部； B. Few 很少； C. Some 一些；D. None没有；根据空后内容可知很少人去对国家大事做出决定，选B。15. C考查形容词辨析。A. quick迅速的； B. wise 明智的； C. great 伟大的； D. personal个人的；从后面的nations going to war or armies going to battle可知这些是重大的决定，故选C。16. A 考查介词辨析。A. upon 在之上；B. out 在外面； C. for 为了； D. up 在上部；call upon to do sth要求做某事；call for sth需要； call up 打电话，召集；call out 大声叫唤 ，唤起；根据句意可知人们都需要做出一些日常的决定，而call for后面跟名词，故选A。17. B考查动词辨析。A. finding发现； B. found 发现，建立； C. find 发现； D. founded建立，成立；从结构可知此处是非谓语做定语，和被修饰词wallet之间是被动关系，用过去分词，选B。20. D考查动词辨析。A. paid 付款； B. remembered 记忆；C. shared 分享；D. returned归还；根据句意可知此处是指该退回多找的零钱还是忽略掉，选D。考点：考查故事类短文阅读第二节 语法填空 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)【广东省汕头市金山中学2020届高三上学期期中】After graduation from college, I started to sell. Soon I discovered that the worried expression I 21 (wear)since childhood meant sure failure. I knew it wasnt going to be easy to change that expression on my face left by so many years of 22 （hard）.It called for a complete change in my view on life. Here is the method I tried.Each morning during a fifteenminute bath, I determined to cultivate a big, happy smile. I found out, however, that it couldnt be a 23 (force) smile developed just for the purpose of putting dollars in my pocket. It had to be 24 honesttogoodness smile from down deep inside， an outward expression of happiness from within!Lets see 25 starting off with a good fifteenminute training of the smile muscles helped me during the day. 26 entering an office I would think of many things I had to be thankful for, work up a big smile and then enter. Seldom did it fail 27 (get) the same smile 28 return from the person I met. I also found that it pleased people when I passed them on the street to give them a cheerful smile.Give every living soul you meet the best smile you have ever smiled in your life, 29 see how much better you feel and look. Its one of the best ways I know to stop worrying, and start living. When I began doing this, I found 30 more welcome everywhere.【答案】had been wearinghardshipforcedanhowbeforeto getinandmyself句意：我知道要改变由于多年的辛苦导致的表情不容易。Of后面接名词hardship句意：这种微笑不能是强迫的笑容。Force和smile是被动关系，用forced句意：这应该是发自内心的诚实的友好的微笑。honest是元音开头的单词，用不定冠词an句意：让我们看看每天以十五分钟的微笑训练开始对我有什么好处。用疑问词how句意：在进办公室前，我会想一些让我感谢的事情。用连词before考查fail to do没能做，这个词组，填to get句意：很少情况我没有得到回报的微笑。In return做为回报句意：给每个你遇到的人你的微笑，看看你看起来和感觉有多么好，这两句话是并列的，用and句意：我发现自己到处都收到欢迎。填myself考点：考查短文填词II阅读 (共两节，满分30分)第一节 阅读理解 (共1小题；每小题2分，满分20分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIn the US and Britain, the slogan around colleges was “Save water. Shower with a friend.” Now, Wuhan University has come up with another system for the campus bathhouse. It charges students for the amount of time in a shower. Before entering the bathhouse, students pay for the amount of time they want in the shower with cash or their student ID card. The clock starts ticking the minute the tape is turned on. It pauses when a button is pressed for soap. An integrated circuit (IC) card reader at each tap shows the time. No money, no water. The benefits of the new system can be seen with the old system, which charged 1 Yuan for each person regardless of time in the shower. The university used about 320 tons of water daily under the old system, but only 160 tons now.Many students use the new system but opinions on it are divided. Some students say it is bad because bathing had become a sort of race. Many people using it for the first time are not sure how long they need to shower. Some might be embarrassed if their time is up and theyre still covered in soap. They have to ask the bathhouse worker to help them buy extra time.“Its a flaw in the system that you can not buy extra time on the ID card,” said Ren, a freshman in Wuhan University. The university is also considering some students suggestions that they be allowed to pay after theyve finished the shower. Not surprisingly, some are complaining about losing the hour shower. But many students say the move helps them develop a water-saving sense.Without the time limits, most students tended to shower for 30 to an hour in the bathhouse.Some even used the hot water to wash their clothes. “In my experience, 1020 minutes is enough,” said Dai Zhihua, a third-year student who usually takes 8 minutes.A similar system has been installed in other universities. Shanghai Normal University introduced it at its Fengxiang Campus in September. The bathing fee there is 0.2 Yuan per minute. One male student responded by setting a record with a two-minute shower.31. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A. Students buy the time of their showers.B. The clock times the students bathing except when the bather pauses for soap.C. If money runs out, there will be no water.D. Having finished bathing, the student has to pay for it.32. The underline word “flaw” (Paragraph 3) most probably means _.A. fault B. advantage C. pity D. perfection33. Since the new system has performed, _ of water can be saved.A. a quarter B. one third C. one half Dtwo thirds34. It can be inferred from the passage that _.A. the new operation can raise students environmental awarenessB. the new operation can solve the water crisisC. a similar operation has been set in other universitiesD. the university has saved a lot of water by using the new system35. In which column can you find this passage?A. Culture. B. Society. C. Campus Life. D. Lifestyle.【答案】DACAC试题分析：文章大意：本文是讲武汉大学为增加学生节约用水的意识而对澡堂采取的一项新措举：洗澡按时计费。A词义猜测题。根据后文you can not buy extra time on the ID card，说明flaw肯定为“缺陷，纰漏”之意，即fault“错误；缺陷”。C细节理解题。由第一段最后一句的两个数字进行比较The university used about 320 tons of water daily under the old system, but only 160 tons now.可得出答案C、水能节约一半。A推理判断题。由文章的前两句得知colleges这种新的措施是想让students 增强节约用水的意识。但并不能说解决水危机问题，所以答案选择A。C猜测题。猜文章的出处，本文主要介绍大学就洗澡用水问题采取的一种新举措。所以应出现于校园生活栏目，选择C。考点：考查日常生活类短文阅读BWhen times get tough, we all look for ways to cut back. When were hungry, we eat at home instead of going out. We take buses instead of taxis. And we wear our old designer jeans just a few months longer. With college expenses at all-time highs, high school students are eager to do anything to cut the cost of a university education.One cost-cutting proposal is to allow college students to get a bachelors degree in three years instead of four. Educational institutions have been actively exploring ways to make the learning process more efficient. But theres a question: Would the quality of undergraduate(本科生)education suffer? Few US universities have formally approved a “three-year degree” model.I doubt that mainstream North American colleges will carry out a three-year curriculum(课程) any time soon. For one thing, most universities already allow highly qualified students to graduate early by testing out of certain classes and obtaining a number of college credits(学分). In addition, at famous universities, the committee who determine which courses are required and which courses are electives are unlikely to suddenly “throw out” one quarter of the required credits. Professors will resist “diluting(稀释)” the quality of the education they offer.In my opinion, a quality four-year education is always superior to a quality three-year education. A college education requires sufficient time for a student to become skilled in their major and do coursework in fields outside their major. It is not a good idea to water down education, any more than its not a good idea to water down medicine. If we want to help students find their way through university, we should help them understand early on what knowledge and skills they need to have upon graduation. We should allow students to test out of as many courses as possible. We should give them a chance to earn money as interns(实习生)in meaningful part-time jobs that relate to their university studies, such as the five-year co-op program at Northeastern University.36The first paragraph serves as a(n)_A. explanation B. definitionC. introduction D. comment37We can learn from the passage that _.A. most American universities are against the “three-year degree” modelB. many famous US universities are considering adopting the “three-year degree” modelC. professors are willing to accept the “three-year degree” modelD. the “three-year degree” model can make college learning more efficient38In most US universities，_.A. college students are offered the co-op programB. electives credits make up one quarter of the required creditsC. all students are required to finish four-year education before graduationD. some excellent students can graduate ahead of time39We can infer that_.A. the author is a college professorB. the author thinks the cost of a university education is too high for people to affordC. the author considers the university education quality very importantD. the author pays special attention to the all-round development of college students40Which of the following can be the best title?A. Its time to shorten the learning process B. Best learning takes place over timeC. University education should be watered down D. College education calls for reform【答案】CADCBA细节理解题。根据第二段中的Few US universities have formally approved a “three-year degree” model可知几乎没有几所美国大学认可“三年本科学位”模式。D细节理解题。根据第三段中的most universities already allow highly qualified students to graduate early可知特别优秀的大学生可以提前毕业。C推理判断题。在第四段作者给出了自己的观点，从“A college education requires sufficient time for a student to become skilled in their major.”“It is not a good idea to water down education”等处可以看出作者非常看重大学教育质量。B主旨大意题。作者认为把大学四年的学制缩短为三年不是一个好主意，学好大学功课是需要付出时间的，故B项最佳。考点：考查议论文类短文阅读第二节 【北京市东城区2020届高三上学期期末教学统一检测】根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ReforestationAround the world there is an increase in the demand for reforestation. This is because the consumption of the forests has affected not only the animals living in the area but also the people. And reforestation is about the rebuilding of the forests that have been severely destroyed. It can offer a lot of benefits when the recreation is successful.41 This includes collecting seedlings(幼苗) that are native in the area to make sure that there is a natural reconstruction of the area. Some additional trees which are not native in the area also need to be planted. 42 The importance of having multiple species of trees is considered to make sure that the needs of other species that will live and grow in the area are met.Destroying a forest is easy but rebuilding it is really hard. 43 The plan must include accurate spacing on plants and trees. This is to ensure that they wont cover each other while they grow. 44The forest greatly helps in the reduction of the air pollution. Trees are responsible for the production of oxygen and absorption of carbon dioxide. 45 It is there for a reason just like everyone else on this planet.There cannot be a better way to restore the balance of nature than to increase the forest area. We must remember that the forest is a natural habitat of wide variety of animals and plants. In this manner, there is no substitute for reforestation.A. And global warming will speed up the destruction of forests.B. Keep in mind that you cant just plant the seedlings anywhere.C. Recreations wont work until all these details have been considered.D. So a good plan is needed to make the reforestation a successful one.E. The forest also protects us from typhoons and other natural disasters.F. There are many things to be done when it comes to this type of effort.G. It is important to make sure that they are suited to the climate and the type of soil.【答案】FGDBE考查上下文的语境理解。根据上文Some additional trees which are not native in the area also need to be planted. 一些额外的树，而不是土生土长的在该地区也还需要种植。再根据下文The importance of having multiple species of trees is considered to make sure that the needs of other species that will live and grow in the area are met. 拥有多个种类的树木的重要性被认为是确保满足的将生活和成长在该地区的其他物种的需要。这些都反应出其他树在该地区的成长很重要，故选G。考查上下文的语境理解。结合下文The plan must include accurate