贵州省息烽县2020高考英语一轮复习 语法填空和阅理训练（一）

贵州息烽县2020高考英语语法填空和阅理一轮训练(2020四川绵阳市高三二诊考试)Many teachers believe that handson experience is the _1_(good) way to learn. A group of students in the United States are putting that belief to the test. They _2_ (success) designed and built a robot for discovering unexplored mines _3_ the bottom of the sea. Students made the robot _4_(answer) a challenge from the US. Department of Defense.The students recently tested the underwater vehicle _5_(call) Perseus in a 95meterlong tank of water at the Stevens Institute of Technology.The robot costs about $15，000 to build. The students use a video game control to direct _6_(it) movements in the tank. Whats more，devices known as Japters _7_ (able) the robot to go up，down and toward its target in the water. Video cameras on the robot send images back to a computer through a 13meterlong cable. Perseus also has _8_ set of lasers (激光)，which are used to measure the size of an object.The robot is the creation of five undergraduate students. For over six months，they worked up _9_ 20 hours a week to design and build Perseus .DeLorme supervised the project from _10_(begin) to end. He says the specialized requirements of robots were demanding.【语篇导读】本文通过事实证明：亲身的实践经验是学习的最好方法。1best考查形容词最高级。此处表示“亲身的实践经验是学习的最好方法”，故用best。2successfully考查副词。副词修饰动词designed和built作状语，故用successfully。3at考查介词。at the bottom of表示“在的底部”，故用at。4to answer考查动词不定式。在这里to answer是动词不定式作目的状语，表示“制造这个机器人是为了回应美国国防部的一项挑战”。5called考查过去分词。此处应用过去分词作后置定语，表示“被叫作”，故用called。6its考查代词。由后面的movements可知，应用形容词性物主代词作定语。7enable考查动词和时态。分析句子结构可知，主语是devices，谓语是设空处，故应用动词enable，表示“使发生”。且此处是一般性的描述，故应用一般现在时。8a考查冠词。a set of表示“一系列”，故用a。9to考查固定短语。up to表示“达到”，故用to。10beginning考查固定短语。from beginning to end表示“从头到尾”。语法填空。阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Have you ever eaten snakes？Snake dishes have become popular 1._recent years. Snake meat in various flavors (风味) can 2._(see) in restaurant ads very often.3._(eat) snake seems to be now popular，and if you havent eaten snake yet，you are considered “out of date”But I wonder if all the trends are worth 4._(follow)Some people may defend themselves 5._saying that snake meat is nutritious.But these people dont realize that many parasites (寄生虫)，6._do harm to our health，are found inside snakes.According to a survey，about 1,000 tons of snakes are eaten every year in China and sometimes as 7._as 10 tons of snakes are served on dinner tables in Shenzhen in a single day!These figures warn us that if no action is taken，8._number of snakes will drop and make an increase in mice and worms population，which will result in a decrease of crop output. Who will see such tragedy 9._(happen)？So lets start not to eat snakes any more. To protect the snake is to protect 10._.【参考答案及解析】1inin recent years意为“在最近几年里”。2be seen主语snake meat与see之间为被动关系，故应用被动语态。3Eating此处用动名词短语eating snake作句子的主语。4following本句意为：但是我不知道是否所有潮流都值得跟随。be worth doing sth.意为“值得做某事”，为固定搭配。5by本句意为：一些人通过说蛇有营养来为自己辩护。by在此意为“通过的方式”。6which引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作主语，先行词为物，故应用which。7manyas many as意为“多达”，后跟可数名词复数。8the本句意为：如果不采取行动，蛇的数量就会大大减少。the number of.意为“的数量”。9happen这里应使用省略to的不定式作see的宾语补足语。see sb.do sth.意为“看见某人做某事”。10ourselves本句意为：保护蛇类也是保护我们自己。此处应用we的反身代词形式。2020高考训练题。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。An elderly carpenter was ready to retire. He told his 61 （employ）of his plan to leave the housebuilding business to live 62 leisurely life with his wife, 63 （enjoy）his extended family. He would miss the paycheck each week, but he wanted to retire.The boss was sorry to see his good worker go and asked if he could build just one more house as a personal favor. The carpenter said yes, but in time, 64 was easy to see that his heart was not in his work. It was an 65 （fortune）way to end a dedicated（专注的）career.When the carpenter finished his work, his boss came to inspect the house. Then he handed the front-door key to the carpenter and said, “This is your house . my gift to you.” The carpenter was _66 （shock）!What a shame! If he 67 （know） he was building his own house, he would have done it all so 68 （difference）.So it is 69 us. We build our lives, a day at a time, often putting less than our best into the building. Then, with a shock, we realize we have to live in 70 we have built. If we could do it again, we would do it much better. However, we cannot go back.语法填空：61.employer 62. a 63. enjoying 64. it 65. unfortunate66. shocked 67. had known 68. differently 69. with 70. what语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。【全国新课标卷题型】It was my first day in Hangzhou, the Chinese city famous for its natural beauty and history and I didnt have much time to spare. I wanted to see_1_much of the city as possible in the two days_2_I was to return to Guangzhou. My first task was to decide where to go and how to get there. I took out my guidebook_3_which there was a lot of information about the citys wellknown tourist_4_(attract) and started to read. At that moment an attractive young lady _5_noticed my book came up_6_me and introduced herself. She said her name was Miss Bai, and she kindly offered to show me_7_the city. I was delighted and was about to accept her proposal when she suggested we first_8_(go) to the West Lake and walk along the Broken Bridge. I quite liked the idea of visiting the West Lake but wasnt so sure about crossing the Broken Bridge. As it was_9_(break), did she expect me to jump across? And I couldnt swim, so if I fell in then I would be drowned. That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation，_10_(close) my book and walked away.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._6_ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._答案：1asas much as possible为常用搭配，这里指作者想尽可能多看看这城市。2before从文意推测作者想在返回广州之前的两天尽可能多看看这座城市。3inwhich是关系代词，指代guidebook，其前用in，表在手册“里面”。4attractionsattraction为名词，“旅游景点”。5who/that关系代词，指代那位女士。6tocome up to sb“向某人走来”。7aroundshow sb around“领某人参观”。8gosuggest后接宾语从句时，从句的谓语动词应用should do, should可以省略。9broken西湖的断桥是断了的。10closed故事发生在过去，用一般过去时；和declined，walked是并列谓语。广东省语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。There was once a guy who suffered from a cancer, one that can t be cured. He was 18 years old and he could die anytime. All his life, he was stuck in his house taken care of by _1_ mother. He never went outside but he was tired _2_ staying home and wanted to go out for once. So he asked his mother and she gave him _3_ (permit)He walked down his block and _4_(find) a lot of stores. He passed a CD store and looked through _5_ front door for a second. He stopped and saw a beautiful girl about his age. He opened the door and walked in, not looking at anything else but her. He walked _6_(close) until he was finally at the front desk _7_ she sat. She looked up and smiled, “Can I help you？” He said, “I would like to buy a CD.” He picked one out and gave her the money for it. “Would you like me to wrap it for you？” she asked，_8_(smile) again. He nodded and she went to the back. She came back with the wrapped CD and gave it to him. After that, he often bought a CD there. One day, he went there buying a CD like he did every day，and once _9_ she went to the back of the store _10_ came back with it wrapped. He took it and when she wasnt looking, he left his phone number on the desk and ran out.1解析被他的妈妈照顾。答案his2解析这是一个固定短语：be tired of“厌倦”。他一直呆在家里，从来没有出去过，但他讨厌这样。答案of3. 解析这是一个固定短语：give sb. sth。这里应用名词，故填permission，他母亲允许了。答案permission4解析and连接两个并列谓语，walked down表示过去，故后面的谓语也应用过去时：found。答案found5解析此处表特指，故填the，他路过一家CD店，透过前门望了一下。答案the6 解析从后面until he was finally at the front desk可知这里的意思是“走近”，故填closer。答案closer7 解析the front desk表示地点，_7_ she sat是定语从句，引导词在从句中作地点状语，故填where。答案where8 解析smiling在这里作状语，表伴随的动作。答案smiling9 解析once again“又一次”，女孩又一次为他包好CD。答案again10解析前后是两个并列的谓语，此处表示顺承关系，故用and。答案and阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。Irina，now 46，never imagined shed one day make a living as a balloon artist.The daughter of an engineer and a teacher，she won top academic awards in high school，went on to medical school and became an emergency room physician in a small city.“I loved the science of medicine，” she says today，“but being a doctor was very hard.I saw things people dont normally seewomen giving birth in the street，people getting drunk and killing someone.” Medications were scarce，making it very difficult to treat those in need.When Irina was 33，a girlfriend showed her a magazine photo of an American named Wes Patterson.They began exchanging letters，and married that December.Irina took a public relations job.Then，a few years ago，she watched a man at a party twist a skinny balloon into the shape of a dog.Kismet!Irina soon purchased a tiny pump and a supply of balloons and began practicing on the sidewalks.Observers challenged her to create all kinds of figures.Now，Irina says，“Theres nothing I cant make.”Many years ago，Irinas husband developed a serious disease which now keeps him homebound.“But he is a very wonderful man，” Irina says.Thanks to her new career，she is able to support them both，performing about five events weekly and earning as much as $2,000 per appearance.“Irinas a wonder，” says Marlene Berg，chief development officer for the Florida Heart Research Institute.“She turned the evening into magic.” “My whole life has become magic，” Irina says，“and its all come from a balloon.”1Whats Irinas job now?AAn emergency room physician.BA researcher.CA public relations worker.DAn artist.解析：根据文章第一段第一句“Irina，now 46，never imagined shed one day make a living as a balloon artist”可知，Irina目前的工作是“气球艺术家”。答案：D2We can conclude from the underlined word “kismet” that_.AIrina was lucky enough to meet the manBThe party was organized well by the manCKismet was the name of the mans dogDThe shape of a dog is easy to make into解析：上一句提到Irina曾经从事过公共关系工作，碰到这位气球艺人是她的人生转折点，从此她声名鹊起，从而可以推断，画线词是说她很幸运。答案：A3Which of the following statements about Irina is NOT true?AHer father and mother both received good education.BShe studied very well when she was in high school.CHer husband gave up his job in order to support her.DShes been busy and popular among people around.解析：文中只提到她的丈夫因患重病而不得不呆在家里，未提到他是为了支持妻子而放弃工作。根据第一段第二句可判断A、B两项正确；根据倒数第二段末句可知她每周大约要演出5次，因此会很忙碌，再结合最后一段的内容可知她很受欢迎，所以D项也是正确的。答案：C4All the following words below can be used to describe Irina except_.AProud BHardworkingCHonest DClever解析：根据第三段末句可判断她很“自豪”，根据第一句可知她很“刻苦”；她现在几乎可以用气球做成各种形状的东西，由此可推断她很“聪明”。答案：C5The main purpose of this passage is_.Ato introduce Irina and her wonderful workBto encourage people to work at the balloonCto tell readers to change their jobs if necessaryDto remind us of the importance of medicine解析：通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了Irina及她的出色的工作。答案：A。2020高考训练题。阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。In a room at Texas Children Cancer Center in Houston, eight-year-old Simran Jatar lay in bed with a drip (点滴) above her to fight her bone cancer. Over her bald head, she wore a pink hat that matched her clothes. But the third graders cheery dressing didnt mask her pain and weary eyes.Then a visitor showed up. “Do you want to write a song?” asked Anita Kruse, 49, rolling a cart equipped with an electronic keyboard, a microphone and speakers. Simran stared. “Have you ever written a poem?” Anita Kruse continued. “Well, yes,” Simran said.Within minutes, Simran was reading her poem into the microphone“Some bird soaring through the sky,” she said softly. “Imagination in its head” Anita Kruse added piano music, a few warbling (鸣,唱) birds, and finally the girls voice. Thirty minutes later, she presented Simran with a CD of her first recorded song.That was the beginning of Anita Kruses project, Purple Songs Can Fly, one that has helped more than 125 young patients write and record songs. As a composer and pianist who had performed at the hospital, Kruse said that the idea of how she could help “came in one flash”.The effect on the kids has been great. One teenage girl, curling (蜷缩) in pain in her wheelchair, stood unaided to dance to a hip-hop song she had written. A 12-year-old boy with Hodgkins disease who rarely spoke surprised his doctors with a song he called I Can Make It.“My time with the kids is heartbreaking because of the severity of their illnesses,” says Anita Kruse. “But they also make you happy, when the children are smiling, excited to share their CD with their families.”Simran is now an active sixth grader and cancer-free. From time to time, she and her mother listen to her song, Always Remembering, and they always remember the “really sweet and nice and loving” lady who gave them a shining moment in the dark hour.1Simran Jatar lay in bed in hospital because _.A. most of her hair had fallen outB. she was receiving treatment for cancer