上海市黄浦区2020届高三英语上学期期末调研考试试题（含解析）

黄浦区 2020 -2020学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试 英语试卷(完卷时间: 120 分钟 满分: 140 分)2020 年 12 月 14 日第 I 卷(共 100 分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.音频A. Waiter and guest. B. Trainer and trainee.C. Policeman and driver. D. Teacher and student.【答案】C【解析】【分析】M: Madam, why didnt you wear your seat belt?W: Im sorry, sir. Will I have to pay a fine?Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。2.音频A. At Susan Bakers. B. At the computer company.C. In his own office. D. In a restaurant.【答案】D【解析】【分析】W: Good morning. This is Susan Baker at Sunshine Computer Company. Is Michael Smith there?M: Sorry, he is out for lunch. May I take a message?Q: Where is Michael Smith most probably now?【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。3.音频A. Line 1. B. Line 2. C. No. 952. D. No. 925.【答案】C【解析】【分析】M: Could you tell me the best way to get to Shanghai Grand Theater?W: Yes. You can go there by subway, Line 1 or 2. You can also take Bus No. 952.Q: Which bus gets to Shanghai Grand Theater?【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。4.音频A. He acted in the drama at the last minute. B. He finally decided to quit the drama.C. He hesitated to play a role in the drama. D. He made up his mind to see the drama.【答案】B【解析】【分析】W: Wasnt Steve supposed to take part in this new drama?M: Yes, but he backed out at the last minute.Q: What do we learn about Steve?【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。5.音频A. She isnt sure whether Jessica will come. B. She cant speak to Jessica now.C. Jessica is always late for activities. D. She cant bear Jessicas being late.【答案】A【解析】【分析】M: Jessica is already 40 minutes late. Do you think she changed her mind about coming to join us?W: Actually, I cant say for sure.Q: What does the woman imply?【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。6.音频A. Frank moved to the suburbs recently. B. John bought a new house in the suburbs.C. Frank is a friend of the Wilsons. D. The Wilsons bought a new house at a good price.【答案】D【解析】【分析】W: Frank, did you hear about the house that the Wilsons bought in the suburbs?M: Yes, their friend John said that they got a very good deal on it.Q: What can we learn from this conversation?【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。7.音频A. The exam was easier than Jane had expecteB. Its easy for Jane to do better in the next exam.C. Jane failed to do well in the last exam.D. Jane has just forgot about the exam.【答案】C【解析】【分析】M: Listen to me, Jane, the exam is already a thing of the past. Just forget about it.W: Thats easier said than done.Q: What can we infer from the conversation?【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。8.音频A. Buy some new furniture. B. Complain to the landlord.C. Hunt for a new apartment. D. Change the content of a rent contract.【答案】C【解析】【分析】W: Have you got a chance to talk to your landlord about your rent contract yet?M: Not yet. Dont you think he will let me go away?Q: What will the man most probably do next?【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。9.音频A. She didnt feel like going. B. She didnt think it would be fun.C. She hadnt been invite D. She wasnt feeling well last night.【答案】A【解析】【分析】M: Why didnt you show up at Sandys party last night? We missed you a lot.W: I just didnt think I was in a party mood.Q: Why didnt the woman attend the party?【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。10.音频A. Invest in the old model. B. Have the old washing machine fixed.C. Buy a new washing machine. D. Design a new style model.【答案】C【解析】【分析】W: My washing machine is more than fifteen years old and it wouldnt work last night.M: I dont think it worth repairing. So it might be time to invest in a new model.Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions are based on the following passage.音频11.A. It is only famous for being Americas backyard.B. Quebec is its largest province, which is eight times larger than UK.C. The area of Ontario is larger than that of Spain and France combined.D. All of the Canadians will speak French while they are in Ottawa.12.A. Enjoy the Pacific Ocean on the western coast of Canada.B. Breathe fresh air in the beautiful mountains.C. Experience incredible hiking and limitless wildlife.D. Visit the city of Vancouver on Vancouver Island.13.A. Niagara Falls is the oldest natural wonders of the world.B. Rainbows can be easily seen above the mists from miles away.C. Visitors can appreciate breathtaking views of the Falls from different angles.D. Newly married couples visit the Falls after the wedding.【答案】11. C 12. D 13. C【解析】Canada is not just Americas backyard, but a world of all its own as well. This land of unspoiled nature and European-style cities is a country that warms tourists souls with its many beautiful treasures.Quebec is Canadas largest province. Seven times the size of the UK, it offers beautiful scenery and modern cities with European charm. Ontario is Canadas second largest province. Its larger than Spain and France combined. The Ontario landscape varies greatly, and it offers many outdoor activities for travelers. Ottawa is Canadas capital. Youll hear a lot of Canadian French spoken here. People enjoy natural lifestyles and seem happy to jog or cycle to work.British Columbia shoulders the Pacific Ocean on the western coast of Canada. This province offers fresh air, beautiful mountains, incredible hiking and limitless wildlife and whale adventures. British Columbias capital city, Victoria, is at the southern tip of Vancouver Island. Despite its name, the city of Vancouver is not on Vancouver Island, but on the Canadian mainland.As one of the greatest natural wonders of the world, Niagara Falls has attracted visitors from around the world for hundreds of years. On sunny days, rain bows rise just above the mists. The loud noise of the Falls can be heard from miles away and visitors can board a boat, a cable car, or a helicopter for more breathtaking views of the Falls. Among the 12 million annual tourists to Niagara Falls are some 50,000 honeymooning couples. It is something of a tradition in the northeastern United States and Canada for newly married couples to visit the Falls.Which of the following is TRUE about Canada?What are you not likely to do in British Columbia province?Why is Niagara Falls so attractive?【11题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【12题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【13题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。Questions are based on the following passage.音频14.A. To prepare the students for the next reading assignment.B. To provide background information for a class discussion.C. To review material from a previous lesson.D. To prepare for a quiz on chapter six.15. A. Insurance companies. B. Sailors. C. Manufacturers. D. Merchants.16.A. They include features similar to earlier policies.B. They are totally different from the ones in the Middle Ages.C. They contain only four earlier policies in chapter six.D. They dont provide shipping protection any more.【答案】14. B 15. D 16. A【解析】I hope youve all finished reading the assigned chapter on insuranceso that you are prepared for our discussion today. But, before we start, Id like to mention a few things your text doesnt go into.Its interesting to note that insurance has existed in some form for a very long time. The earliest insurance policies provided shipping protection for merchants as far back as 3000 B.C.In general, the contracts were often no more than oral agreements. They granted loans to merchants with the understanding that if a particular shipment of goods was lost at sea, the loan didnt have to be repaid. Interest on the loans varied according to how risky it was to transport the goods. During periods of heavy robbery at sea, for example, the amount of interest and the cost of the policy went up considerably.So, you can see how insurance helped encourage international trade. Even the most cautious merchants became willing to risk shipping their goods over long distances when they had this kind of protection available.Generally speaking, the basic form of an insurance policy has been pretty much the same since the Middle Ages. There are four points that were marked then and remain important in all polices today. These were outlined in chapter six and will serve as the basis for the rest of todays discussion. Can anyone tell me what one of those points might be?Why does the speaker give such a talk?Who were the first insurance contracts designed to protect?What does the speaker say about current insurance policies?【14题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【15题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【16题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。Questions are based on the following passage.音频17.A. He just has no time to buy one. B. He grew up after it became common.C. He thinks a good one costs too much. D. He doesnt think it does good to life.18. A. A computer. B. A video camera. C. An FM radio. D. A fax machine.19.A. He thought telephone bills might be a burden.B. He was disappointed at the telephones on each street corner.C. He believed he simply didnt need it for anything.D. He would contact his friends with the help of his computer.20.A. He gets great enjoyment when he goes on the Internet.B. He regards the jet plane as the only modern form of media.C. He links up with people from foreign countries by the Internet.D. He thinks the international communication wont develop without the jet plane【答案】17. D 18. C 19. C 20. B【解析】W: Robert, I know you have special feelings about the media.M: I do. Ive never had a television in my life. I grew up before television was really common and I just dont have time for it. I think you have to look at the trade-off for whatever you do.W: What do you mean by trade-off?M: What it costs, not only in money, but in terms of whether it does good to your life. I have no real machines in my apartment. Well, I do have an FM radio.W: Yeah, what do you listen to?M: Oh, weather reports, good music. And I have a telephone now, but I lived for eight years without one.W: Eight years without a telephone?M: Well, I discovered there were telephones on every street corner and I really didnt need one for anything.W: Do you have a computer?M: I do not own a computer. Because when I go on the Internet, Im always disappointed. You see, I think modern technology destroys all the beauty and meaning in life. Thats not the way I want to live my life.W: Arent there any good things that the modern media brings us?M: Well, the only modern form of media I really like is the jet plane. I mean, I know its not “the media,” but I really consider it to be a form of communication. It has allowed me to travel all over the world. I get great enjoyment out of traveling. I link up with people from foreign countries, I meet them, I talk to them, and so in that way, the jet plane has improved international communication, much more than fax or email will ever do.W: What an interesting idea! Thank you, Robert.Why has Robert never had a television in his life?Which type of modern machine does Robert have now in his apartment?According to Robert, why didnt he have a telephone for eight years?Which of the statements is TRUE about Robert according to the conversation?【17题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【18题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【19题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【20题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Just How Buggy is Your Phone?What item in your home crawls with the most germs? If you say _21_ toilet seat, youre wrong. Kitchen sponges top the list. But cell phones are pretty dirty too. They contain around 10 times as many germs as toilet seats. People touch their phones, laptops, and other digital devices all day long, yet rarely clean them.In one incident, a thief paid a terrible price for stealing a germy cell phone. He stole it from a hospital in Uganda during a widespread of the deadly disease Ebola. The phones owner reported the theft before _22_(die)from the disease. Soon, the thief began showing symptoms and finally _23_(confess)to the crime._24_ in that unusual case a cell phone carried dangerous bacteria, not all germs are bad. Most cause no harm. In fact, they could provide helpful information. Look at the surface of your phone carefully. Do you see some dirty mars? “Thats all you,” says microbial ecologist Jarrad Hampton-Marcell. “Thats biological information.”It turns out that the types of germs that you apply all over your phone or tablet are different from _25_ of your friends and family. Theyre like a fingerprint that could identify you. Some day in the future, investigators may use these microbial fingerprints to solve crimes. Phones and digital devices may be one of the best places to look for buggy clues.In a 2020 study, researchers sampled a range of surfaces in 22 participants homes, _26_ countertops and floors to computer keyboards and mice. Then they tried to match the microbial fingerprints on each object to its owner. The office equipment was easiest to match to its owner. In an _27_(early)study, a different group of researchers found that they could use microbial fingerprints to identify the person who _28_(use)a computer keyboard even after the keyboard sat untouched for two weeks at room temperature.One day, microbial signatures might show _29_ people have gone and what they have touched. They could prove _30_ an unmarked device is yours. So, sure, your phone is pretty germy. Does that inspire you, or does it just bother you?【答案】21. the22. dying 23. confessed24. Although/Though25. those 26. from27. earlier28. had used29. where 30. that【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。手机等电子产品携带者大量的危险细菌，但是另一方面，并不是所有的细菌都是危险的，手机等电子产品携带的病菌能够像指纹一样确定人们的身份。【21题详解】考查冠词。句意：如果你说马桶座圈，那你就错了。the表示特指，表示马桶不是家居中细菌最多的物品。故填 the 。【22题详解】考查省略句。句意：手机的主人在死于疾病前报告了失窃事件。本句为before引导的时间状语从句，从句中省略了he was ，还原回来为：he was dying。故填 dying 。【23题详解】考查一般过去时。句意：不久，小偷开始出现症状，最后认罪。and并列连接begin的过去式began和confess的过去时confessed。故填confessed 。【24题详解】考查连词。句意：虽然在这种不寻常的情况下，手机携带着危险的细菌，但并非所有的细菌都是有害的。分析句子可知，句子缺少从属连词，根据主从句的转折意思，判断出从句填从属连词Although/Though。故填Although/Though 。【25题详解】考查代词。句意：事实证明，在你手机或平板电脑上的细菌类型与你的朋友和家人的细菌类型不同。根据句意可知，是两种细菌类型不同，所以这里的those指代的是 the types of germs。故填 those。【26题详解】考查介词。句意：在2020年的一项研究中，研究人员对22个参与者家中的一系列表面进行了取样，从台面和地板到电脑键盘和鼠标。from.to.“从到”为固定短语。故填 from。【27题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：在一项早期的研究中。由前文的“In a 2020 study”可以判断出，本空所表示的时间比2020年早，所以用early的比较级earlier。故填 earlier 。【28题详解】考查过去完成时。句意：在一项早期的研究中，一组不同的研究人员发现，即使键盘在室温下未动过两周的情况下，他们也可以用微生物指纹来识别使用电脑键盘的人。分析句子可知，use所表示的动作发生在过去动作identify之前，所以用过去完成时。故填had used 。【29题详解】考查连接词。句意：总有一天，微生物特征可能显示人们去了哪里，接触了什么。及物动词show后接宾语从句，宾语从句中缺少地点状语，所以填连接词where。故填where 。【30题详解】考查连接词。句意：他们可以证明一个没有标记的装置是你的。prove后接宾语从句，宾语从句句子成分完整，所以填连接词that。故填 that。【点睛】状语从句中的主谓省略 在以if、when、before、though、unless、as、as if等连词引导的从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致,而且从句中的谓语动词是be，可以将状语从句中的主谓省略。 如果从句主谓语是it is或it was，可以省略主谓结构， if it is possible, when it is necessary 等都是这种结构。本句为before引导的时间状语从句，从句中省略了he was ，还原回来为：he was dying。故小题2填dying。Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The NileThe ancient Greek writer Herodotus once described Egypt-with some envy-asthe gift of the Nile. The Egyptians depend on the river for food, for water and for life. The Ancient Egyptians were able to control and use the Nile, creating the earliest irrigation systems and developing a prosperous _31_.Snaking through the deserts, the Nile would flood almost _32_ each year in June. Once the water subsided, a rich deposit of sand was left behind, making an excellent topaoil. Seeds were sown, yielding wheat, barley, beans, lentils and leeks. Drought could spell disaster for the Egyptians, so during the dry seasons, they dug basins and channels to deliver water to their land. They also devised simple channels to transfer water at the peak of the flood.An early system of _33_ a Nilometer, was used to de determine the size of the floods. Later, during the New Kingdom, a lifting system called a shaduf was used to raise water from the river-_34_ to the way in which a well is used today.The Egyptians took up some of the earliest trading missions. Without a(n) _35_ system they exchanged goods, bringing back timber, precious stones, pottery, spices and animals. Their efforts in medicine were also _36_ advanced: surgeons performed operations to remove cysts(囊肿). Mummification gave them great understanding of the human body-yet they also relied heavily on various medicines to prevent disease, and discoveries were often confused with superstition(迷信). And while a great deal of time was dedicated to _37_ the Egyptians thought the stars were gods.By the 16th century Egypt was u