讲练测2020年高考英语一轮复习 Unit 3-5（练）（含解析）新人教版选修8

Unit 3-5.词义辨析1People who cant _ between colors are said to be colorblind.Aaccumulate Bmonitor Cundertake Ddistinguish2Would it be _ for you to pick me up at four oclock and take me to the airport?Aapparent Bvacant Chandy Dconvenient3Television is such a means that it keeps us informed about_ events.Aopposite Btheoretical Ccurrent Dclumsy4Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without big changes in temperature，thus creating a _ environment.Apeaceful Bsensitive Ccommon Dstable5We are at your service. Dont _ to turn to us if you have any further problems.Abeg Bhesitate Cdesire Dseek6Eggs are _ by weight as Extra Large，Large， Medium，and Small.Aseparated BdistributedCarranged Dclassified7These details are easily _，so you should payattention to them.Aclassified BoverlookedCcompromised Dresist8As there is less and less coal and oil，scientists are exploring new ways of making use of _ energy，such as sunlight，wind and water for power and fuel.Aprimary Balternative Cinstant Dunique9It is generally _ that stress is caused by too much work.Aassumed Binterrupted Caccelerated Dpreserved10He will be put into prison if there is _ evidence to prove his guilt.Abrilliant Bhorrible Ceffective Dample【答案】1.D2.D 3.C 4.D5.B 6.D 7.B 8.B 9.A 10.D.形容词、副词和名词1.【浙江省建人高复2020届高三高考仿真模拟】Scientists said the smaller the airborne particles, the more _ they are to cause illness.A. possible B. likely C. probable D. perhaps【答案】B考点：考查形容词2.【浙江省奉化二中2020届高三上学期第四次月考】 She has already tried her best. Please dont betoo about her job.A. responsibleB. specialC. particularD. unusual【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：她已经很努力了。所以不要对她的工作太挑剔。responsible负责的，special 特别的，专门的， curious about好奇的；particular特别的，词组：be particular about对挑剔；根据句意说明C正确。考点：考查形容词3.【浙江省奉化二中2020届高三上学期第四次月考】-Are you pleased with what he has done?-It couldnt be _. Why didnt he put more effort into his work?A. any worse B. much better C. so bad D. the best【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：你对他的所作所为满意吗？一点儿也不满意。简直糟糕透了。他为什么不更加努力地工作呢？根据上文的回答“一点儿也不满意”说明“他的工作”不好，故排除BD选项。比较级用于否定句中往往有肯定的最高级含义。用B项的话，意思正好相反，即“他的工作十分令人满意”。选A。考点：考查形容词的辨析和比较等级的用法4.【浙江省鄞州区余姚市2020届高三5月模拟】Some plants are very _ to light; they prefer the shade.A. sensible B. available C. adjustable D. sensitive【答案】D【解析】试题分析:句意：有些植物对光很敏感；它们更喜欢阴凉。A明智的，通晓事理的；B可利用的，可得到的；C可调节的；D敏感的。固定短语：Be sensitive to “对敏感”，根据句意可知选D。考点：考查形容词辨析5.【浙江省绍兴一中2020届高三下学期回头考试题】Compared with other animals, snakes are believed to be below _ in intelligence.A. averageB. commonC. ordinaryD. usual【答案】A考点：考查形容词辨析6.【浙江省宁波市十校2020届高三三月联考】You look tired, Jack Whats wrong with you?Oh, 1 worked quite late last night Nothing wrong with me, A although B thoughC yetD still【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：-杰克，你看起来很疲劳。你怎么了？-昨晚我工作很晚，可是我没有什么问题。Though即可以做连词“虽然”，也可以做副词“可是，然而”，放在句中和句末，although连词“虽然”，yet 副词：“但是”，不能放在句末，也可以做连词：然而，但是，still“仍然”，所以选B。考点：考查副词辨析7.【浙江省绍兴县鲁迅中学2020届高三普通高等学校招生5月适应性考试】The machine has been used many years. Its no wonder that it doesnt work well_.A. regularly B. constantly C. occasionally D. frequently【答案】C【解析】试题分析：A. regularly定期地，B. constantly 连续地，不断地，C. occasionally偶尔地，D. frequently经常地，句意：这个机器已经被使用了很多年，难怪它偶尔不工作了。所以选C。考点：考查副词辨析8.【浙江省温州中学2020届高三上学期期中】 Now that you like the computer so much, why not buy one? Well, I cant afford _ computer at present.A. that expensive aB. a such cheap C. a so cheapD. that an expensive【答案】A【解析】试题分析： 考查副词用法。本句中的that是一个副词，相当于so ,such. That expensive a computer= such an expensive computer。如此昂贵的电脑。句意：既然你很喜欢电脑，为什么不买一台呢？我现在可买不起如此昂贵的电脑啊！故A正确。考点：考查副词用法9.【浙江省诸暨中学2020届高三上学期期中】Why must you strike the drum the whole night, the neighbors complained you thenA. no doubt B. no need C. no reason D. no wonder【答案】D考点：名词短语的辨析10.【浙江省宁波重点中学2020届高三上学期期中】Judging by the _ he keeps, Mark must be an extremely wealthy man.A. cooperationB. characteristicC. motivationD. company【答案】D【解析】试题分析：考查名词辨析。A合作；B特点，特征；C动机；D陪伴。句意：从他结交的朋友可以看出，马克一定是一个极其富有的人。故选D。考点：考查名词辨析III.短语填空fill in ; a matter of ; get through; in spite of ;look ahead; regardless of; apart from ; show you around; in need of ; in terms of1Kelly loved her husband _ the fact that he drank too much.2_，we must expect some changes to be made in our system of government.3They have sent us another form to _.4Planning a project is just _ working out the right order to do things in.5I dialed several times，but I just couldnt _.6The club welcomes all new members _ age and sex.7_ their house in London，they also have a villa in Spain.8If you come to London for a visit，I will _.9The house is _ a thorough clean before we move in.10The job is great _ salary，but it has its disadvantages.【答案】1.in spite of 2.Looking ahead 3.fill in 4.a matter of 5.get through 6. regardless of 7.Apart from8. show you around 9.in need of 10. in terms ofIV.完成句子1Between the outside and inside walls of the bowl there is some jelly，_ (这些果冻冷却后会冻结)(cool)2Follow it up，explore all around it，and _ (不知不觉中)，you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind.(know)3_(由于非常稳定)，it has proved invaluable in the design of bridges.(stable)4What other things show ones status in society _ (除了一个人的说话方式)? (speak)5We have been excavating layers of ash almost six metres thick，which suggests that they _ (可能整个冬天都在烧火) all winter.(keep)【答案】1. which freezes hard when cooled2. before you know it3. Being very stable4. apart from how one speaks5. might have kept the fire burningV. 单项选择1Only after you have had that recognition _ that you are truly an inventor.Acan you say Byou can say Csay you Dcan say you2_ with some research findings，I decided on three possible approaches.APreparing BHaving preparedCPrepared DTo prepare3But _ carefully，the snakes proved to be no trouble and all went according to plan.Amonitoring Bto monitorCbeing monitored DMonitored4Ill say you are the greatest teacher _ if you can pass her off as a lady.Aliving Balive Clively Dlive5I _ if Id known about this disgusting thing you want to do to me.Awould never have come Bwould never comeChad never come Dwill never come6Eliza，who is dirty and badly _，comes into the room shyly following Mrs.Pearce.Adressing Bdressed Cto be dressed Dbeing dressed7So we think it is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves，_ the cold.Aregardless of Binstead ofCin terms of Dby means of8We havent yet found any doors，but we think they might have hung animal skins at the cave mouth to _ the cold.Akeep off Bkeep out Ckeep away Dkeep to9_ about the preparations for her feast，Lala quickly turned for home with her collection of nuts and fruit.ATo worry BTo be worriedCWorried DHaving worried10Lala accelerated her walk up the path to the caves _ that there might be wild animals lying in wait for her.Afeared Bto fear Chaving feared Dfearing【答案】1.A 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.A 8.B 9. C 10.DVI语法填空The woman often called the First Lady of New York died in August. Brooke Astor was 105 years old. The extremely wealthy and famous New Yorker spent much of her life (1)_ (help) the needy in her beloved city.She was born in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. She was the only child of a high level military officer. After two earlier (2)_ (marry), she married Vincent Astor in 1953 again. He came from a family (3)_ had been rich for at least one hundred years .Among other things, he owned many buildings in New York City. Brooke Astor became one of the (4)_ (rich) women in the world when Vincent Astor died. She also became head of a huge charity organization which (5)_ (found) by her husband. He repeatedly had told her she would have fun giving (6)_ his money. And apparently she did. Brooke Astor gave tens of millions of dollars mainly to places and people in New York City. She said it was the sensible choice because that was (7)_ the money had been made. She gave financial support to the citys cultural centers as well as to many (8)_ smaller charities. When she died, the mayor of New York said (9)_ city would not be what it is today (10)_ her support.本文主要讲述了Brooke Astor积极从事慈善事业，为纽约这座城市作出了巨大贡献。1helping 固定句型sb.spend time (in) doing sth.意为“某人花时间做某事”。2marriages 从下文“she married Vincent Astor in 1953 again.”可知，她以前经历了两次“婚姻”。因为after是介词，故此处需要用名词。3that/which that/which引导定语从句，且在从句中作主语。4richest one of the形容词最高级。根据句意也可知是“最富有的”。5was founded 此处表示被动，且时态为过去时。6away give away意为“赠送；赠予；颁发”。7where where引导表语从句，且在表语从句中作地点状语。8other 根据前面的“She also became head of a huge charity organization”可知此处表示“其他”较小的慈善组织。9the 特指New York这座城市。10without “没有”她的支持，就成就不了现在的纽约市。VII完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one. The 1_ is that countries around the world have growing mountains of 2_ because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.How did we 3_ a throwaway society? First of all, it is now easier to 4_ an object than to spend time and money to repair it. 5_ modern manufacturing (制造业) and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and 6_.Another cause is our 7_ of disposable (一次性的) products. As 8_ people, we are always looking for 9_ to save time and make our lives easier. Companies 10_ thousands of different kinds of disposable products: paper plates, plastic cups, and cameras, to name a few.Our appetite for new products also 11_ to the problem. We are 12_ buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that 13_ is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we 14_ useful possessions to make room for new ones.All around the world, we can see the 15_ of this throwaway lifestyle. Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger. To 16_ the amount of rubbish and to protect the 17_, more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. 18_, this is not enough to solve our problem.Maybe there is another way out. We need to repair our possessions 19_ throwing them away. We also need to rethink our attitudes about 20_. Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.1.A. keyB. reasonC. projectD. problem2.A. giftsB. rubbishC. debtD. products3.A. faceB. becomeC. observeD. change4.A. hideB. controlC. replaceD. withdraw5.A. Thanks to B. As toC. Except for D. Regardless of6.A. safeB. funnyC. cheapD. powerful7.A. loveB. lackC. prevention D. division8.A. sensitive B. kindC. braveD. busy9.A. waysB. placesC. jobsD. friends10.A. donateB. receiveC. produceD. preserve11.A. adapts B. returnsC. respondsD. contributes12.A. tired of B. addicted toC. worried aboutD. ashamed for13.A. newer B. strongerC. higherD. larger14.A. pick up B. pay forC. hold ontoD. throw away15.A. advantages B. purposesC. functionsD. consequences16.A. show B. recordC. decreaseD. measure17.A. technology B. environmentC. consumersD. brands18.A. However B. OtherwiseC. ThereforeD. Meanwhile19.A. by B. in favour ofC. afterD. instead of20.A. spending B. collectingC. repairingD. advertising1.D 考查名词。A. key钥匙；B. reason原因；C. project工程；D. problem问题。文章主要讲的是堆积如山的垃圾给环境带来的问题和影响。随着社会的发展，人们倾向于扔掉用旧了的东西，以新物品取而代之。而且，包装盒等一次性产品给人们带来方便的同时，也给环境带来很大的压力。故选D。2.B考查名词。A. gifts礼物；B. rubbish垃圾；C. debt债务；D. products产品。句意：因为人们现在扔掉很多垃圾，因此，垃圾堆积成了山，故选B。3.B考查动词。A. face面对；B. become变得；C. observe观察，庆祝；D. change改变。根据first of all可知，这里讲的是乱扔垃圾的原因，故选B。4.C考查动词。A. hide躲藏；B. control控制；C. replace代替；D. withdraw撤退，收回。句意：与花时间和钱修理相比，现在更容易更换物品，故选C。5.A考查短语。A. Thanks to多亏；B. As to至于；C. Except for除了；D. Regardless of不管。句意：多亏了当代制造业和技术，公司能够更快地生产产品，成本也降低很多，故选A。6.C 考查形容词。A. safe安全的；B. funny滑稽的；C. ch