上海市晋元高级中学2020学年高二英语上学期12月月考试题（无答案）上海新世纪版

2020年学第一学期晋元高级中学高二英语12月月考试II. GrammarSection ADirections: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with one proper word or the proper form of the given word to make the passage coherent Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct, (write the answers on the answer sheet)People often cringe(退缩) when they hear the word fat. That may be because they misunderstand it. Experts at Harvard University point out: The total amount of fat in the diet, _21_ high or low isnt really linked with disease. _22_ really matters is the type of fat in the diet.In fact, some types of fats,_23_(include) most unsaturated fats, reduce the level of cholesterol in ones blood. Plant products like vegetable oils, nuts and seeds all contain these good fats. Omega-3, a fatty acid _24_(find) in fish, may even reduce the risk of heart disease. The American Heart Association suggests eating two servings of fish a week for this reason._25_ types of fats should be avoided. Saturated fats increase blood cholesterol level, _26_ can increase ones risk of heart disease. Meat, dairy products and eggs all contain this bad fat and _27_ be consumed in moderation.Trans fats, which are processed, unsaturated fats found in deep-fried dishes, many baked goods and margarine, should be avoided completely. Trans fats carry an even _28_(great) risk of heart disease than saturated fats.So, replace the bad fats with the good gats in your diet, and enjoy a healthier life.Word Bankcringe v. 萎缩；因害怕而退却Matha is so shy that she always cringes when the teacher calls on her to talk in class.cholesterol n. 胆固醇Too much cholesterol in your blood can increase your risk of heart disease.moderation n. 适量；节制Coffee is best consumed in moderation. Dont drink too much.margarine n. 人造奶油；乳玛琳Gary uses margarine instead of butter on his toast.More Informationunsaturated fat n. 不饱和脂肪fatty acid n. 脂肪酸saturated fat n. 饱和脂肪whether What including found Other which should greaterSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. concentrated B. possible C. revised D. applications E. figuresF. connect G. benefits H. global I. contribute J. topsMore than two million people in Europe now have fiber broadband（光纤宽带）direct to their home, suggests a survey. The latest _29_ on superfast broadband delivered by fiber to the home (FTTH) show 18% growth over the last survey compiled in late 2020.The continued growth suggests that the _30_ economic decline has not hit plans to build fiber networks. Sweden _31_ the list of nations applying the technology, with 10.9% of its broadband customers using fiber. Karel Helsen, president of Europes Fiber-To-The-Home Council, said the growth matched predictions that were _32_ when the credit crisis started to make itself felt. “The numbers in 2020 are in line with the latest forecasts,” said Mr. Helsen.By 2020, the FTTH Council expects that 13 million people across 35 European nations will have their broadband delivered by fiber. Such services would start at a speed of 100 megabits per second (mbps), said Mr. Helsen. Around Europe more than 233 projects were underway to lay the fibers that would _33_ homes or buildings to the net, said Mr. Helsen. Many of those, he said, were being operated by local governments or smaller net firms. Local governments were interested in FTTH because of the economic and social _34_ it brought in its wake, said Mr. Helsen.The low delay in high-speed fiber networks made _35_ new uses of broadband, he said. “No delay is very important,” he said, “specifically if you talk about _36_ that are time-dependent such as personal communications, conference calls or video calls where delays cause a lot of trouble.” While early FTTH services were _37_ in cities, said Mr. Helsen, many more were reaching out to rural areas for e-health and e-learning projects.EHJCF GBDAReading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word 01* phrase that best fits the context.People think children should play sports. Sports are fun, and playing with others. However, playing sports can have _38 effects on children. It may produce feelings of poor self-respect or aggressive behavior in some children. According to research on kids and sports, 40,000,000 kids play sports in the US. Of these, 18,000,000 say they have been _39 at or called names while playing sports. This leaves many children with a bad _40 of sports. They think sports are just too aggressive. Many researchers believe adults, especially parents and coaches, are the main _41 of too much aggression ill childrens sports. They believe children _42 _ aggressive adult behavior. This behavior is then further strengthened through both positive and negative feedback. Parents and coaches are powerful teachers because children usually look up to them. Often these adults behave aggressively themselves, sending children the message that_43 is everything. Many parents go to childrens sporting events and shout _44 _ at other players or cheer when their child behaves _45_. As well, children arc even taught that hurting other players is _ 46 or are pushed to continue playing even when they are injured _47 , the media makes violence seem exciting. Children watch adult sports games and see violent behavior replayed over and over on television. As a society, we really need to_48_ this problem and do something about it. Parents and coaches _49 should act as better examples for children. They also need to teach children better_50 . They should not just cheer when children win or act aggressively. They should teach children to _51 , themselves whether they win or not. Besides, children should not be allowed to continue to play when they are injured. If adults allow children to play when injured, this gives the message that _52 is not as important as winning.38. A. restrictive B. negative C. active D. instructive39. A. knocked B. glanced C. smiled D. shouted40. A. impression B. concept C. taste D. expectation41. A. resource B. cause C. course D. consequence42. A. question B. understand C. copy D. neglect43. A. winning B. practicing C. fun D. sport44. A. praises B. orders C. remarks D. insults45. A. proudly B. ambitiously C. aggressively D. bravely46. A. acceptable B. impolite C. possible D. accessible47. A. By contrast B. In addition C. As a result D. After all48. A. look up to B. face up to C. make up for D. come up with49. A. in particular B. in all C. in return D. in advance50. A. techniques B. means C. values D. directions51. A. respect B. relax C. forgive D. enjoy52. A. body B. fame C. health D. spiritBDABC ADCAB BACDCSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read(A)What are feelings for? Most nonscientists will find it a strange question. Feelings justify themselves. Emotions give meaning and depth to life. They exist without serving any other purposes. On the other hand, many evolutionary biologists acknowledge some emotions primarily for their survival function. For both animals and humans, fear motivates the avoidance of danger, love is necessary to care for the young, and anger prepares one to hold ground. But the fact that a behavior functions to serve survival need not mean that. Other scientists have regarded the same behavior as conditioning and learned responses. Certainly reflexes(反射) and fixed action patterns can occur without feeling or conscious thought. A baby seagull pecks(啄) at a red spot on the bill(喙) of its parent. The seagull parent feeds its baby when pecked on the bill and the baby gets fed. The interaction need have no emotional content.At the same time, there is no reason why such actions cannot have emotional content. In mammals that have given birth including humans, milk is often released automatically when a new baby cries. This is not under intended control but it is reflex. Yet this does not mean that feeding a new baby is exclusively reflex and expresses no feeling like love. Humans have feelings about their behavior even if it is conditioned or reflexive. Yet since reflexes exist and conditioned behavior is widespread, measurable, and observable, most scientists try to explain animal behavior by using only these concepts. It is simpler.Preferring to explain behavior in ways that fit sciences methods most easily, scientists have refused to consider any causes for animal behavior other than reflexive and conditioned ones. Scientific orthodoxy (正统) holds that what cannot be readily measured or tested cannot exist, or is unworthy of serious attention. But emotional explanations for animal behavior need not be impossibly complex or unstable. They are just more difficult for the scientific method to check on in the usual ways, so cleverer and more skillful approaches are called for. Most branches of science are more willing to make successive evaluation of what may prove ultimately unknowable, rather than ignoring it altogether.53. The example of the baby seagull pecking the parents bill is used to support that _.A. it is an inborn ability for adults to look after the youngB. behaviors can be learned and involve no emotionsC. emotions are of great importance for survivalD. it takes time for animals to be conditioned54. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. Breast-feeding a baby is conditioned or reflective but have no emotional connection.B. Reflexes and conditioning will lead to a better understanding of animal emotions.C. Scientists usually apply reflexes and conditioning in explaining animal behaviors.D. Many evolutionary biologists believe that emotions are to some degree for survival.55. To study animal emotions, scientists should _.A. analyze human emotionsB. distinguish what is emotionalC. set up improved experimentsD. learn from animal behaviorists56. What is the authors main purpose of writing this passage?A. To illustrate that emotions are worth our attention.B. To compare human emotions with animal emotions.C. To discuss the importance and usefulness of emotions.D. To explain what reflexive and conditioned behaviors are.57.If the use of a new word is known to only a restricted group of people, it will D .A. stand the test of timeB. have a decent history of useC.be included in the dictionaryD. be rejected temporarily58.Which of the following is not a necessary step of the new word Inclusion process?A. Researching the word.B. Consulting users.C.Crafting the entry,D, Sourcing new words.59.What is the purpose of presenting this graph?。A.To encourage people to use the online database.B.To promote the new version of dictionary.C.To respond to peoples request about the word inclusion process.D.To inform people of the new words to be included in the dictionary.(C)Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paid leave from work to care for a newborn child. Last spring one of the two, Australia, gave up that dubious distinction by establishing paid family leave starting in 2020. I wasnt surprised when this didnt make the news here in the United Stateswere now the only wealthy country without such a policy.The United States does have one explicit family policy, the Family and Medical Leave Act, passed in 1933. It entitles workers to as much as 12 weeks unpaid leave for care of a newborn or dealing with a family medical problem. Despite the modesty of the benefit, the Chamber of Commerce and other business groups fought it bitterly, describing it as “governmentrun personnel management” and a “dangerous precedent.” In fact, every step of the way, as (usually) Democratic leaders have tried to introduce workfamily balance measures into the law, business groups have been strongly opposed.As Yale law professor Anne Alstott argues, justifying parental support depends on defining the family as a social good that, in some sense, society must pay for. In her book No Exit: What Parents Owe Their Children and What Society Owes Parents, she argues that parents are burdened in many ways in their lives: there is “no exit” when it comes to children. “Society expectsand needsparents to provide their children with continuity of care, meaning the intensive, intimate care that human beings need to develop their intellectual, emotional, and moral capabilities. And society expectsand needsparents to persist in their role for 18 years, or longer if needed.”While most parents do this out of love, there are public penalties for not providing care, What parents do, in other words, is of deep concern to the state, for the obvious reason that caring for children is not only morally urgent but essential for the future of society. The state recognizes this in the large body of family laws that govern childrens welfare, yet parents receive little help in meeting the lifechanging obligations society imposes. To classify parenting as a personal choice for which there is on collective responsibility is not merely to ignore the social benefits of good parenting; really, it is to steal those benefits because they accrue(不断积累)to the whole of society as todays children become tomorrows productive citizenry(公民). In fact, by some estimates, the value of parental investments in children, investments of time and money (including lost wages), is equal to 20-30% of gross domestic product. If these investments generate huge social benefitsas they clearly dothe benefits of providing more social support for the family should be that much clearer.52.What do we learn about paid family leave from the first paragraph?A)America is now the only developed country without the policy.B)It has now become a hot topic in the United States.C)It came as a surprise when Australia adopted the policy.D)Its meaning was clarified when it was established in Australia.53.What has prevented the passing of work family balance laws in the United States?A)The incompetence of the Democrats.B)The existing Family and Medical Leave Act.C)The lack of a precedent in American history.D)The opposition from business circles.54.What is Professor Anne Alstotts argument for parental support?A)The cost of raising children in the U.S. has been growing.B)Good parenting benefits society.C)The U.S. should keep up with other developed countries.D)Children need continuous care.55.What does the author think of Americas large body of family laws governing childrens welfare?A)They fail to ensure childrens healthy growth.B)They fail to provide enough support for parents.C)They emphasize parents legal responsibilities.D)They impose the care of children on parents.56.Why does the author object to classifying parenting as a personal choice?A)It is regarded as a legal obligation.B)It relies largely on social support.C)It generates huge social benefits.D)It is basically a social undertaking.52. A） America is now the only developed country without the policy.由第一自然段最后一句Were now the