2020高考英语 Unit1《Great scientists》单元强化训练 新人教版必修5

单元强化训练(一) (解析为教师用书独有).单词拼写1What made you suspect(怀疑)her of having taken the money?2The pollution(污染)is so severe that we have to take some measures to stop it.3Sophie learned to cook Chinese food with the help of expert chefs.4The role will be the biggest challenge of his acting career.5As a young man，he was strict with himself in everything，which led to his later success.单项填空1I always have so many things to _ when I come back to the company after a trip abroad.Aadd toBattend toCcontribute toDappeal to【解析】add to“增加”；attend to“处理；专心于(工作等)”；contribute to“贡献”；appeal to“吸引；上诉”。根据句意应选B。【答案】B2It has been _ that all the students should remain in their seats until the papers are collected.AannouncedBnoticedCinformedDlooked4_new cure for this disease that medical experts have recently developed proves to be_most effective，although it can not completely kill all the viruses.AA；aBThe；/C/；theDA；the【解析】句意为：科学家最近研制出的治疗这种病的新药证明非常有效。名词cure后有定语从句修饰，因此应该是特指，用定冠词the；当形容词前有most，如果不加冠词，含义是“非常”。【答案】B5_the fantastic painting，he didnt hear the announcement the broadcaster_.ALost to；tookBLost in；tookCAbsorbed to；madeDAbsorbed in；made【解析】空一be absorbed in.意为“专注于，全神贯注于”，由句子结构可知，空格处为分词作原因状语，相当于原因状语从句；空二是考查短语make an announcement“通知”。【答案】D6I clearly remember during that talk he_that people，young or old，get regular exercise every day and make it into a habit.AremindedBannouncedCinstructedDsuggested【解析】根据宾语从句中的谓语用动词原形get，make可以判断此处是虚拟语气，四个动词中只有suggest表“建议”时，后面跟的句子用虚拟语气。【答案】D7After a long discussion about the advantages and disadvantages of the plan，they finally came to a(n)_that it was practical.AdecisionBopinionCconclusionDimpression【解析】考查动词短语come to a conclusion“得出结论”。句意为：经过长时间讨论这个计划的利弊之后，他们最终得出一个结论它是切实可行的。【答案】C8After_to drive out of town，I began to acquire confidence.Ahaving been instructedBhaving instructedCinstructingDbeing instructed【解析】从题意来看，句子的主语I和instruct之间是被动关系，即：sb. be instructed to do sth.这一结构，而且动作发生在句子的谓语动词began表示的动作之前，所以应用完成时形式。【答案】A9_both sides accept the agreement will a lasting peace be established in this region.AOnly ifBUnlessCIf onlyDAs long as11After three days visit, Russias prime minister, Vladimir Putin _his visit and left Beijing on Thursday.AconcludedBreturnedCannouncedDpaid【解析】考查动词辨析。conclude“结束，总结”；return“归还”；announce“宣布，通知”；pay“支付”。句意为：三天的访问结束后，俄罗斯总理普京结束了他的访问并在星期二离开北京。根据题意可知答案为A。【答案】A12Hello, Kat. Would you please play table tennis with me this weekend?_. Mike, but I have promised my mother to help her clean the floor and garden.AMy pleasureBThanksCTake it easyDFound it【解析】考查情景交际。my pleasure“非常乐意”；thanks“谢谢”；take it easy“放轻松，慢慢来”；found it“知道了”。句意为：嗨，凯特。你想这周和我一起打乒乓球吗？非常乐意。迈克，但是我已经答应我母亲帮助她清理地板和整理花园了。根据题意，可知答案为A。【答案】A13The headmaster demanded the students in that class _ to H1N1 flu _separated and treated without delay.Aexposing；to beBwere exposed；shouldCexposed；beDwere exposing；was【解析】句意为：校长要求那个班里感染甲型H1N1流感的学生应该刻不容缓地被隔离治疗。空一考查be exposed to“暴露在，接触”的用法，在此题中是过去分词作定语；demand意为“要求”时，后面的that从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词要用(should)do形式，根据句意可知应用被动语态。【答案】C14 Why was it so noisy over there? The Twins were surrounded by their fans _ they stepped out of the hall.AuntilBthe momentCin caseDso that【解析】考查the moment用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“一就”。句意为：那边为什么那么吵？Twins组合一出大厅的门就被他们的粉丝围住了。until“直到”，引导时间状语从句；in case“以防万一”，引导条件状语从句；so that“目的是，结果是”，引导目的状语从句或者结果状语从句。【答案】B15. Now look at the trouble you are in; _ taken the teachers advice.Aonly if have youBif only you hadConly if you haveDif only have you【解析】考查if only引导的从句，“要是该多好！”。句意为：现在看看你所处的困境，要是你听取老师的建议该多好啊！if only引导的从句要用虚拟语气，但是不倒装。【答案】B.完成/翻译句子1不加任何保护，直接暴露在这些病毒下是十分危险的。Its very dangerous to be exposed to these viruses without any protection.2除了作为一种有趣而且有益的运动外，游泳还是一项很有用的技能。Apart from being fun and good exercise，swimming is a very useful skill.3这使他得出了她有罪的结论。This led to his conclusion that she was guilty.4四周的小城镇已并入这座城市。The surrounding small towns have been absorbed into the city.5你的话在某种意义上属实。(in a sense)What_you_said_is_true_in_a_sense.完形填空A land free from destruction，in addition to wealth，natural resources，and labor supplyall these were important _1_ in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution._2_ they were not enough.Something _3_ was needed to start the industrial process(进程)That “something special” was men_4_ individuals who could invent machines，find new _5_ of power，and establish business organizations to reshape society.The men who _6_ the machines of Industrial Revolution _7_ from many backgrounds and many occupations.Many of them were _8_ inventors than scientists.A man who is a _9_ scientist is primarily interested in doing his research _10_.He is not necessarily working _11_ that his findings can be used.An inventor or anyone interested in applied science is _12_ trying to make something that has a concrete _13_.He may try to solve a problem by using the theories _14_ science or by experimenting through trial and error.Regardless of his method，he is working to get a _15_ result：the construction of a harvesting machine，the burning of a light bulb，or one of _16_ other objectives.Most of the people who _17_ the machines of the Industrial Revolution were inventors，not trained scientists.A few were both scientists and inventors.Even those who have _18_ or no training in science might not have made their inventions _19_ the groundwork had not been laid by scientists years _20_.1A.casesBreasonsCfactorsDsituations【解析】本句列举了英国成为工业革命中心的因素。从句意和选项看，这些不是A“情况、例子”，B“原因”或D“形势”，而是天时地利等因素。【答案】C2A.ButBAndCBesidesDEven【解析】上文说“所有这些都是重要因素”，下文说“这些还不够”，显5A.productionBsourcesCbasesDdiscoveries【解析】短文第一句提到“自然资源”，此处提及“新的”，根据句意指开发新能源，也为下文的描述作铺垫。【答案】B6A.employedBcreatedCoperatedDcontrolled【解析】此空用create与上文的invent machines相呼应，指工业革命中的发明创造。【答案】B7A.cameBarrivedCstoppedDappeared【解析】指这些发明家的背景、职业不一样，他们来自各种背景及职业。【答案】A8A.lessBbetterCmoreDworse【解析】more 与后文的than相呼应，此处more.than 表示“是而不是”，“与其不如”的意思。“与其说是科学家不如说是发明家”。【答案】C9A.realBpracticalCpureDclever【解析】根据句意及上下文可知该句讲述的是一心埋头于研究的“纯粹的”科学家。【答案】C10A.happilyBoccasionallyCunwillinglyDwholeheartedly【解析】根据上下文，这种意义上的科学家一心一意地搞研究，不关心其研究成果的应用。因此选D，“全心全意地”。【答案】D11A.nowBandCallDso【解析】so that 引导目的状语从句，表示他工作的目的不一定是为了保证其成果能得到应用。【答案】D12A.seldomBsometimesCusuallyDnever【解析】四个选项均为频率副词，根据句意应选C，表示发明者总想制造有用的东西。【答案】C13A.planBuseCideaDmeans【解析】发明/制造有具体用途的东西，与上文的applied science(应用科学)相呼应。【答案】B14A.ofBwithCtoDas【解析】不是“把科学与理论结合起来”，而是“用科学理论解决问题”，因此用of而不是with。【答案】A15A.singleBonlyClimitedDparticular【解析】particular表示“具体的，特定的”；发明家在进行发明创造时是18A.littleBmuchCsomeDany【解析】have little or no training表示“很少甚至没有训练”。【答案】A19A.asBifCbecauseDwhile【解析】if 引导状语从句，表“假设”。【答案】B20A.agoBpastCaheadDbefore【解析】全句大意：如果没有科学家头几年打的基础，那些在科学领域没有受过训练的人就不可能有那些发明创造。显然科学家的groundwork在先。【答案】D厚积薄发在本篇文章的阅读过程中，你有没有发现自己尚未掌握的或比较重要的词汇、短语或者句型？赶紧动手，把它们记下来吧！单词：_短语：_句型：_.写作第一节短文填词阅读下面短文，根据以下提示：1)汉语提示，2)首字母提示，3)语境提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词，并将该词完整地写在右边相对应的横线上。所填单词要求意义准确，拼写正确。In our _ world，mobile phones are becoming more and more popular，1.modernbut students in America are not a_ to use them in 2.allowedclass because of many d_ and harms. 3.disadvantagesMobile phones have become a part of our life now. With mobile phones，we can _ (联系) 4.connectour friends and family conveniently and call for help easily when in _(麻烦). 5.troubleHowever, it also has a _ effect on our studies and minds. 6.badSome students are absorbed in using it to play g_ during 7.gamesclass so that they cannot _ (集