湖南省长沙市2020高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解训练（49）

湖南长沙市2020高考英语（二轮）阅读理解训练（49）阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。George Gershwin，born in 1898，was one of Americas greatest composers.He published his first song when he was eighteen years old.During the next twenty years he wrote more than five hundred songs.Many of Gershwins songs were first written for musical plays performed in theatres in New York City.These plays were a popular form of entertainment in the 1920s and 1930s.Many of his songs have remained popular as ever.Over the years they have been sung and played in every possible wayfrom jazz to country.In the 1920s there was a debate in the United States about jazz music.Could jazz，some people asked，be considered serious music? In 1924 jazz musician and orchestra leader Paul Whiteman decided to organize a special concert to show that jazz was serious music.Gershwin agreed to compose something for the concert before he realized he had just a few weeks to do it.And in that short time，he composed a piece for piano and orchestra which he called Rhapsody in Blue.Gershwin himself played the piano at the concert.The audience were thrilled when they heard his music.It made him worldfamous and showed that jazz music could be both serious and popular.In 1928，Gershwin went to Paris.He applied to study composition (作曲)with the wellknown musician Nadia Boulanger，but she rejected him.She was afraid that classical study would ruin his jazzinfluenced style.While there，Gershwin wrote An American in Paris.When it was first performed，critics (评论家)were divided over the music.Some called it happy and full of life，to others it was stilly and boring.But it quickly became popular in Europe and the United States.It still remains one of his most famous works.George Gershwin died in 1937，just days after doctors learned he had brain cancer.He was only thirtynine years old.Newspapers all over the world reported his death on their front pages.People mourned the loss of the man and all the music he might have still written.【语篇解读】 本文讲述了George Gershwin 一位伟大的音乐家的一生，对音乐界及世界的影响。1Many of Gershwins musical works were_.Awritten about New YorkersBcomposed for Paul WhitemanCplayed mainly in the countrysideDperformed in various ways解析细节理解题。根据原文第二段末Over the years they have been sung and played in every possible wayfrom jazz to country.其中“they”指代Gershwins musical works，“in every possible way ”与 various ways属于同义替换，所以选D。答案D 。2What do we know about the concert organized by Whiteman?AIt attracted more people to theatres.BIt proved jazz could be serious music.CIt made Gershwin leader of the orchestra.DIt caused a debate among jazz musicians.解析细节理解题。根据原文第三段中In 1924, jazz musician and orchestra leader Paul Whiteman decided to organize a special concert to show that jazz was serious music .其中“show that jazz was serious music”和B选项是表达的一个意思，所以选B。答案B.3What did Gershwin do during his stay in Paris?AHe created one of his best works.BHe studied with Nadia Boulanger.CHe argued with French critics.DHe changed his music style.解析细节理解题。根据原文第四段中“It still remains one of his most famous works.”其中it指的就是An American in Paris，“one of his most famous works.”即A选项中的 one of his best works。答案A.4What do we learn from the last paragraph?AMany of Gershwins works were lost.BThe death of Gershwin was widely reported.CA concert was held in memory of Gershwin.DBrain cancer research started after Gershwins death.解析推理判断题。根据原文最后一段，“Newspapers all over the world reported his death on their front pages.”即说明了B选项“The death of Gershwin was widely reported.”故B正确。其它选项均没有涉及。答案B.5Which of the following best describes Gershwin?ATalented and productive.BSerious and boring.CPopular and unhappy.DFriendly and honest.解析主旨大意题。从全文看，这个人不可能用boring这样感情色彩负面的词来形容，故B错误；文中提到他popular，但没有说他unhappy，故C错误；friendly和honest在文中没有具体体现，没有根据，故D错误；A选项中talented有天分的，productive多产的，准确地描述了Gershwin作为一个作曲家所具备的素质。答案A.2020高考训练题。阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。People in the western state of California who are in the United States illegally can now request a drivers license. The law went into effect on January 1.California is not the first American state with such a law, but it has the largest of illegal immigrants. More than a million people began to request licenses shortly after the new state law went into effect. Among them was Christian Alvarado. Mr. Alvarado entered the United States from El Salvador. (萨尔瓦多）eight years ago without permission from the U. S. government. Some call such people illegal immigrants Others call them undocumented immigrants.Mr. Alvarado thinks it so exciting，for he has been waiting for the license for a long time. But some are worried that their personal information will be used to find them and deport them. Armando Botello is a spokesman for the California Department of Motor Vehicles，or DMV. He says people should not be afraid, for such information will not be shared.The new licenses are the same as licenses given to citizens except that they have the words Federal Limits Apply. That means the license cannot be used to travel on an airplane or enter a federal building. Ana Garcia, working at the Central American Resource Center，says some illegal immigrants fear those words will be used to abuse them. Civil rights groups say the police and others will not.Dan Schnur，a political scientist at the University of Southern California, said that the main argument against the new law is that it rewards illegal behavior. But Professor Schnur argued that young，white Americans generally support immigration reform, including giving drivers licenses to illegal immigrants.“Its simply because they grew up in a much more multicultural society than their parents or their grandparents did. ” Professor Schnur says he believes the changes in beliefs about illegal immigrants that have taken place in California will spread throughout the United States.1. Why did the new law make Mr. Alvarado excited?A. Because he got his driving license as a legal immigrant.B. Because he became a legal immigrant of California.C. Because a law went into effect for the new immigrants.D. Because he could seek a drivers license according to a new state law.2.What is the difference of the new licenses compared to those given to citizens?A. The words “Federal Limits Applys will abuse illegal immigrants.B. People are not permitted to travel on an airplane or enter a federal building using the new licenses.C. They can be used to act against the police and other people.D. With the words Federal Limits Apply, immigrants can enjoy special rights.3. What can we infer about the new license?A. Some undocumented immigrants have concern over it.B. It is intended to reward illegal behavior.C. It has come into effect throughout the United States.D. Dan Schnur believes that it is more acceptable to young Americans.4. Whats the publics attitude towards the new law released on January 1 in California?A.supportive B. debatable C. doubtful D. neutral参考答案14、DBAB阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Eating foods high in trans-fats (fats present in artificial form in industrially-produced cakes and fast food.) and saturated (饱和的) fats increases the risk of depression, according to a Spanish study, confirming previous studies that linked “junk food” with the disease. Researchers also showed that some products, such as olive oil, can fight against the risk of mental illness.Authors of the wide-reaching study, from the universities of Navarra and Las Palmas, followed and analyzed the diet and lifestyle of over l2,000 volunteers over six years. When the study began, none of the participants had been diagnosed with depression; by the end, 657 of them were new sufferers.“Participants with an increased consumption of trans-fats presented up to a 48 percent increase in the risk of depression when they were compared to participants who did not consume these fats,” the head study author said. “The more trans-fats were consumed, the greater harmful effect they produced in the volunteers.”The research team found, at the same time, that after assessing the effect of polyunsaturated fats made up of larger amounts of fish and vegetable oils and olive oil, these products are associated with a lower risk of suffering depression.The report, published in the online journal PLOS ONE, noted the research was performed on a European population that enjoys a relatively low intake of trans-fatsmaking up only 0.4 percent of the total energy taken in by the volunteers. “Despite this, we observed an increase in the risk of suffering depression of nearly 50 percent,” said researcher Miguel Martinez. “On this basis we think it of great importance to take this effect into account in countries like the United States, where the percentage of energy derived from these fats is around 2.5 percent.”The report pointed out that the current number of depression sufferers in the world is around l50 million people, and has increased in recent years. This rise is attributable, according to the authors, “to great changes in the sources of fats consumed in Western diets, where we have replaced certain types of beneficial fats in nuts, vegetable oils and fish with the saturated and trans-fats found in meats, butter and other products such as mass-produced cakes and fast food.”1. What s the best title of the text?A. Junk Food and DepressionB. Depression PreventionC. Types of Fats and DepressionD. Depression Research2. Which of the following increases the risk of suffering depression?A. Fish.B. Vegetable oil.C. Olive oil.D. Butter.3. The study tells us that _.A. 2.5% Americans suffer mental illnessB. l2,000 volunteers in Navarra took partC. a minority of participants became new sufferersD. l50 million Europeans enjoy a healthier lifestyle4. The underlined word “derived” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to_.A. obtainedB. chosenC. separatedD. preserved5. More and more Westerners are suffering depression because_.A. they have less time for exerciseB. they eat more nuts, vegetable oils and fishC. the sources of fats in their diets have changedD. less meat, butter, and cakes are included in their diets【参考答案】15、ADCAC阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。(2020湖北)Youve flown halfway around the world；youve sniffed out this place that nobody in Falongland or Thailand seems to have ever heard of；so what on earth is there to do here？You consider this question as you sink into an old wooden beach chair that holds you above the sand.It was a long journey from Bangkok to Huaplee.By the time you found the bus station and got yourself sorted out，it took almost as long as the flight from Falongland.Huaplee is located just south of Hua Hin，about two hundred kilometres from Bangkok，down the west side of the Gulf of Thailand.Not many tourists find this place，and the ones that do wonder if finding it has been their purpose all along.Theres an apparent laziness that surrounds you here.Its what this place offers，and its free of charge.The small waves that tap the shoreline seem to slow everything down.You settle into your beach chair in preparation for a long rest.You sit there and watch the sea.Its early afternoon，so the cook comes out and asks what youd like to eat this evening.Before long hes rushed off to the market to buy the ingredients for whatever it was that you orderedevery meal fresh and to order.No menu here.There is no poolside noise here but just that wonderfully warm，clear blue sea.Theres no street noise.The only sounds are the murmurs of nature.For now you just count your blessings (福祉)，listing them in the sand with your toe (脚趾)You dont have to worry about being late for work.You dont have to do anything.The beach to your right stretches off to the horizon (地平线)，slowly narrowing to nothingness only to reemerge again on your left，now steadily widening until it covers the chair beneath you.Sand to your left and sand to your right；its unbroken，endless.No start，no end，just sand，sun，and peace.Step off it，and you reenter the world of traffic，stress，work，and hurry.Normally youre the type who cant sit still for more than ten minutes，but youre on Huaplee Lazy Beach now and，in the right frame of mind，it stretches all the way around the world.“How could it take me so long to find it？”you wonder.【语篇导读】文章描述了 Huaplee Beach的大体位置、饮食和在这里度过的美好时光。1When the author first went to Huaplee Beach，_.Ahe found it unworthwhileBhe failed to sort himself outChe became sensitive to sme