（精选幻灯片）比较级和最高级

英语专题：形容词的比较级和最高级,1,专题：形容词，副词比较级、最高级(一)1.形容词，副词比较级和最高级的概念。形容词和副词可以靠改变形式来表示程度的不同。我们把这种变化形式叫做比较等级。要比较两个或两个以上的人或物时，就必须用形容词的比较级和最高级。形容词、副词有三个级：原级(PositiveDegree)，比较级(ComparativeDegree)和最高级(SuperlativeDegree)。,2,写出下列词的反义词,tall-thin-long-funny-Sad-,short,heavy,short,serious,happy,3,形容词的比较级和最高级的构成方法：,单音节和少数双音节形容词、副词的规则变化情况：a.在原级的词尾加-er变为比较级，加-est变为最高级。e.g.short(原级)-shorter(比较级)-shortest(最高级)long(原级)-longer(比较级)-longest(最高级)b.如原级以e结尾，则比较级只加-r，最高级只加-st。e.g.large-larger-largestnice-nicer-nicestc.如原级以“辅音字母+y”结尾，要将y改为i，再加-er，-est。e.g.busy-busier-busiesteasy-easier-easiestd.原级以重读闭音节结尾，而且末尾只有一个辅音字母(不含字母组合er等)，要双写这个辅音字母，再加-er，-est。e.g.fat-fatter-fattestbig-bigger-biggest,4,2.其他双音节词和多音节词都在前面加more,most构成比较级及最高级：原级比较级最高级importantmoreimportantmostimportantdifficultmoredifficultmostdifficultinterestingmoreinterestingmostinterestingusefulmoreusefulmostuseful,5,有几个形容词有特殊的比较级和最高级形式：原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest小贴士:要注意有几个形容词的比较级和最高级有两种不同的形式，它们的意思也不同。e.g.old-older较旧，较老-oldest最旧，最老/old-elder较年长-eldest最年长far-farther较远-farthest最远(指距离)/far-further进一步-furthest最深(指程度),6,写出下列词的比较级形式,tallshortbigthincalmnice-,taller,shorter,bigger,thinner,calmer,nicer,happy-easy-heavy-hot-clean-dirty-,happier,easier,heavier,hotter,cleaner,dirtier,7,serious-beautiful-interesting-important-difficult-gooddelicious-,Moreserious,morebeautiful,moreinteresting,moreimportant,moredifficult,better,moredelicious,8,写出下列词的最高级形式,tall-bad-friendly-little-old-,tallest,worst,themostfriendly,least,oldest,9,3.形容词比较级的用法和相关句型。表示两者“相等”用“as+形容词原级+as+比较对象”。e.g.HeisastallashismotherEnglishisasinterestingasmath.表示“不如”或“不相等”用“not+asso+形容词原级+as+比较对象”。e.g.ItisnotsoascoldtodayasyesterdayJackisnotso/astallasTom.表示倍数，如“一半两倍/3倍4倍”等用“halftwicethreefourtimes+asas”结构。e.g.IstudytwiceashardasyouThisroomisthreetimesaslargeasthatone.用“形容词比较级+than引导的从句”进行两者的比较。e.g.TheearthisbiggerthanthemoonThisdressismoreexpensivethanthatone.,10,强调比较级超出比较程度时，形容词的比较级前可用much，far，alot，no，alittle，even，any,等状语来修饰。e.g.MybrotherismucholderthanI.Thisbikeisfarbetterthanthatone.由and连接同一个形容词的两个比较级，可以表示“越来越”。e.g.IthinkEnglishisbecomingmoreandmoredifficult.用“the+比较级+the+比较级”，表示“越就越”。e.g.Themoreyouread，themoreknowledgeyouwillgetThelessjunkfoodyoueat,thehealthieryoufeel.,11,比较级+ofthetwo表示两者中较的（比较级前加the）Johnisthecleverofthetwoboys.Ofthetwoboys,Johnistheclever.最高级+of或in表示中最的Eg:Jackisthetallestintheirclass.ChinaisthelargestoneofalltheAsiancountries.(注意一定地域空间用in，一类事物范围内用0f)a+最高级表示“非常”，the+最高级表示“最”。Thisisamostdifficultquestion.Thisisthemostdifficultquestion.,12,比较要同类，在同一范围内，排除自身的方法用other，在不同的范围内，不用other.ShanghaiislargerthananyothercityinChina.=ShanghaiisthelargestcityinChina.ShanghaiislargerthananycityinInida.,13,1.Mybrotheristwoyears_(old)thanme.2.Tomisas_(fat)asJim.3.-Isyoursister_(young)thanyou?-Yes4.Whois_(thin),youorHelen?Helenis.5.Lucyisthe_(good)studentinourclass.6.Maryshairisas_(long)asLucys.7.Whichis_(big),thesun,themoonortheearth?8.Whois_(tall),TomorSam?9.Fangfangisnotas_(tall)astheothergirls.10.Myfriendsare_(many)than_(she).,练习：单选题,fat,younger,thinner,best,long,thebiggest,taller,tall,more,older,hers,14,三单项选择。1.Alanis_thanLinda.A.tallB.tallerC.tallest2.-Sheis_thanhermother.-Hermotherisalsobeautiful.A.beautifulB.beautifulerC.morebeautifulD.themostbeautiful3.-Doyoualwaysgetupas_asyoubrother?-Notalways.A.earliestB.earlierC.theearliestD.early4.Heis_morebeautifulthanI.A.tooB.enoughC.muchD.very,B,C,D,C,15,5.Thisbookis_thatone.A.asbetterasB.asgoodasC.asbestas6.Theearthis_themoon.-Ialsosawitonthenewspaper.A.as49timesbigasB.49timesasbiggerasC.49timesasbigasD.asbigas49times7.-Itlookslikethatheisas_asyou.-Oh,no.Heis_thanI.A.tall,alittletallB.taller,alittletallC.tall,alittletallerD.taller,alittletaller8.-Thanksfortakingcareofthegarden,itisbecoming_.-Youarewelcome.A.morebeautifulandmoreB.morebeautifulandmorebeautifulC.moreandmorebeautiful,B,C,C,C,16,9.Theboxis_heavy.Icantmoveit.A.muchB.moreC.enoughD.too10.Herbrotheris_thanshe.A.sevenyearolderB.sevenyearolderC.sevenyearsoldD.sevenyearsolder11.The_youstand,the_youcansee.A.high;farB.higher;fartherC.highest;farthestD.morehigher;morefarther12.YoushouldstudyEnglishhard,becauseitsgetting_inourcountry.A.moreandmoreimportantB.moreimportantandmoreimportantC.importanterandimportanterD.importantandimportant,D,D,B,A,17,13._youlearn,_youwilllearn.A.harder,betterB.theharder,thegoodC.theharder,thebetter15.Whois_studentinyourclass?A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebest,C,D,18,改错,Lesson9ismoreeasierthanLesson10.Mymotherisyoungerthanyour.Heisoneoflongestboysinhisclass.Theboydoesntdrawmuchwell.Bettyistheyoungestonthethreegirls.Motheristhebusiestofmyfamily.Youcanjumpveryhigheronthemoonthanontheearth.,yo