广东省汕头市2020届高三英语第一次模拟考试试题（含解析）

广东省汕头市2020届高三英语第一次模拟考试试题（含解析） 试卷类型：A本试卷8页，满分120分。考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。 因笔试不考听力，选择题从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题序号从“21” 开始。2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答 案信息点涂黑；如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。答案不能 答在试卷上。3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指 定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案； 不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4. 考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AA Brief Introduction to Some DictionariesNorman Merriam Webster BES1850 DictionaryThis handy translator provides you with 5,000,000 total translation to and from Spanish and English! This dictionary is specially designed for all levels of language skill from beginner to advanced.Brand V7 Dictionary / TranslatorThis special model features the largest and most complete Russian-English dictionary. Advanced English speech, accent correction function and specialized terms database will help you communicate. Business organizers will allow you to stay in touch with the world through all kinds of advanced features.Seiko WP1500 Rogets III Thesaurus DictionaryIt is the nearest word finder. It is also great for cross word puzzles. It will show you the time, day and date of local time zone and the same for over 100 cities throughout the world by simply entering the first letter of the name of the city.Ectaco KD-800 Dictionary / TranslatorThis advanced talking handheld translator features the following dictionaries: the general English-Korean dictionary for 215,905 entries（词条）；popular Korean-English dictionary for 183,279 entries, and the dictionary of Chinese traditional characters for 7,744 entries.The Lingo Traveler 18It is a great value as well as an International translator. Draw on over 96,000 words and 8,000 useful phrases. Equipped with a powerful databank, The Lingo Traveler 18 allows you to store all of your appointments, telephone numbers, and addresses.1. Which dictionary can Bettys mother buy to help her daughter improve her Spanish?A. Norman Merriam Webster BES1850 DictionaryB. Ectaco KD-800 Dictionary / TranslatorC. Seiko WP1500 Rogets III Thesaurus DictionaryD. Brand V7 Dictionary / Translator2. What is the function of The Lingo Traveler 18?A. It provides you with 96,000 phrases and 8,000 words.B. It shows you the time, day and date of local time zone over 100 cities.C. You can store your appointments, telephone numbers and addresses in it.D. It will allow you to stay in touch with the world through all kinds of advanced features.3. What can we learn about the dictionaries from the text?A. The Lingo Traveler 18 is a popular Korean-English and Chinese dictionary.B. Norman Merriam Webster BES1850 Dictionary is the nearest word finder.C. Ectaco KD-800 Dictionary / Translator is designed for all levels of language skill.D. Brand V7 Dictionary / Translator is the most complete Russian-English dictionary.【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D【解析】本文为说明文，简要介绍了几本词典。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段This handy translator provides you with 5,000,000 total translation to and from Spanish and English!可知，Norman Merriam Webster BES1850 Dictionary可以帮助提高西班牙语水平，故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据The Lingo Traveler 18 allows you to store all of your appointments, telephone numbers, and addresses.可知，你可以将您的约会、电话号码和地址存储在其中。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据This special model features the largest and most complete Russian-English dictionary.可知，Brand V7 Dictionary / Translator是最完整的俄语英语词典。故选D。BMake way, good people, make way, in the Kings name! cried he. Open a text; and, I promise you, Mistress Prynne shall be set where man, woman, and child, may have a fair sight of her brave clothing, from this time till an hour past noon. A blessing on the moral Colony of the Massachusetts, where immorality is dragged out into the sunshine! Come along, Madam Hester, and show your scarlet （鲜红色的；罪孽深重的）letter in the market-place!A lane was at once opened through the crowd. Led by the beadle （狱吏），and attended by an irregular procession of serious-looking men and unkind-looking women, Hester Prynne set forth towards the place appointed for her punishment. A crowd of eager and curious schoolboys, understanding little of the matter in hand, except that it gave them a half-holiday, ran before her progress, turning their heads continually to stare into her face, and at the winking baby in her arms, and at the shameful letter on her breast.It was no great distance, in those days, from the prison-door to the market-place. Measured by the prisoners experience, however, it might be considered to be a rather long journey; for, though her manner was proud, she perhaps underwent an extreme pain from every footstep of those who thronged to see her, as if her heart had been thrown into the street for them all to step upon. In our nature, however, there is a condition that the sufferer should never know the intensity of what he endures by its present suffering, but chiefly by the pain that rankles （使痛心）after it. With almost a calm manner, therefore, Hester Prynne passed through this portion of her suffering, and came to a sort of scaffold （刑台），at the western end of the market-place. It stood nearly beneath the eaves of Bostons earliest church, and appeared to be a fixture there.4. What can we know about the schoolboys?A. They knew a little of the matter.B. They were full of curiosity and eagerness.C. They were happy for having a one-day holiday.D. They like Hester Prynne and her baby very much.5. What does the underlined word “thronged in paragraph 3 mean?A. Gathered.B. Happened.C. Pretended.D. Regretted.6. What can we know from paragraph 3?A. The prison was really far from the market-place.B. The scaffold is at the eastern end of the market-place.C. Hester Prynne was thrown into the street for people to step on.D. The sufferer mainly knows the intensity of the pain after the suffering.7. What would probably happen to Hester Prynne according to the text?A. She would be set free.B. She would give a public speech.C. She would put on a performance.D. She would receive serious punishment.【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. D【解析】本文为记叙文，摘自名著红字，描述了Hester Prynne被当做异教徒赶赴刑场时的情节片段。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第2段第三句A crowd of eager and curious schoolboys, ran before her progress, turning their heads continually to .可知，人们充满了好奇并且急不可待。故选B。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据though her manner was proud, she perhaps underwent an extreme pain from every footstep of those who thronged to see her, as if her heart had been thrown into the street for them all to step upon.描述了她在众目睽睽之下的内心感受，每迈出一步都感受到一阵巨痛，似乎她的心给抛在街上，任凭他人吐唾沫和踩踏。因此可知此时，人群在大街上聚集，故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段In our nature, however, there is a condition that the sufferer should never know the intensity of what he endures by its present suffering, but chiefly by the pain that rankles (使痛心)after it.可知，人们对痛苦的感知往往后知后觉，故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据故事情节发展可知，Hester Prynne被当做异教徒带到了市场西头的刑台，因此她将受到严厉的惩罚。故选D。CIn areas like the Central United States that get lots of tornadoes, theres a common piece of celestial （天上的）fortune-telling that green skies mean a tornado is on its way. Research has shown that it isnt quite as simple as that, but scientists have found that if you see a green sky, you should probably go inside. As far as most scientists can tell, the green skies around powerful thunderstorms are usually a combination of red sunsets and water droplets.Daytime skies are blue because blue shorter wavelengths of visible light tend to bounce off （反 射）air molecules better than red longer wavelength light. So the blue light gets bounced all over the sky and looks like its coming from everywhere. Meanwhile, around sunset sunlight travels through so much atmosphere that just about all the blue is bounced away from the horizon, leaving all those reds and oranges behind. The sunset might look exclusively （独有的）red and orange, but theres still some green and even blue light hidden in there, just far less than the other colors. But for us to notice the remaining green light, it needs to hit something that reflects green light much better than red. Thats where water comes in.Big tall threatening storm clouds are made of water droplets, and even though water is best at reflecting blue light, it can still reflect green pretty well, much better than reds and oranges, so under just the right conditions, the water in and around a cloud can bounce the green light hidden in the sunset right into our eyes making the sky look green.Still, none of the conditions that can turn skies green are unique to the clouds that produce tornadoes. Sometimes they just lead to lots of rain, and maybe some hail. So if you see huge storm clouds rolling in and a green tint （色调）in the sky, it doesnt necessarily mean theres about to be a tornado, but it does mean you should probably head indoors.8. What can be the best title for the text?A. Why Do the Central United States Get TornadoesB. Do Green Skies Mean a Coming TornadoC. A Common Piece of Celestial Fortune-tellingD. Green Skies Are Unique to Clouds9. Why are the skies blue in the daytime?A. Because only blue light can be bounced in the daytime.B. Because there is more blue light than light of other colors.C. Because blue light is bounced all over the sky.D. Because red light is weaker than blue light.10. What does the underlined word it in paragraph 2 refer to?A. The sunset.B. Red light.C. Blue light.D. Water.11. What can we learn about from the text?A. Storm clouds are made of water droplets and green light.B. Water can reflect red light as well as blue light.C. There are only red and orange lights in the sunsets.D. If you see a green sky, there will be a tornado.【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. B【解析】本文为科普文。科学家发现天空呈现绿色并不是产生龙卷风的云层所独有的，有时它们会导致大量降雨，甚至冰雹，待在室内或许是最好的选择。【8题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段theres a common piece of celestial （天上的）fortune-telling that green skies mean a tornado is on its way.和最后一段Still, none of the conditions that can turn skies green are unique to the clouds that produce tornadoes. Sometimes they just lead to lots of rain, and maybe some hail.可知，本文主要话题是关注绿色的天空是否意味着即将来临的龙卷风展开的，故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据Daytime skies are blue because blue shorter wavelengths of visible light tend to bounce off （反 射）air molecules better than red longer wavelength light.可知，白天的天空是蓝色的，因为蓝色较短的可见光波长比红色较长的可见光更容易从空气分子中反射。故选C。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据上一句The sunset might look exclusively （独有的）red and orange, but theres still some green and even blue light hidden in there, just far less than the other colors.可知，夕阳里面还有一些绿色甚至蓝色的光。但是为了让我们注意到剩下的绿光，它需要击中一些能反射绿光的东西。故这里的it指前句中的“夕阳”，故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句But for us to notice the remaining green light, it needs to hit something that reflects green light much better than red. Thats where water comes in.可知，水既能反射蓝光，也能反射红光，故选B。DThe Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge, the worlds longest sea-based project, comprises four parts: a 22.9-kilometer steel bridge, two artificial islands, a submerged sea tunnel extending for 6.7 kilometers, as well as leading bridges that connect the bridge to the cities.For a bridge project, designers prefer to build all the structure on the ground, and only choose the tunnel when there is no alternative. However, for the HZMB, the most practical design is to integrate bridge, island and tunnel to form a complete cross-sea channel.The Pearl River Estuary （河口）holds a world-level shipping channel. Smooth traffic should be guaranteed. And the location is near the Hong Kong International Airport. With about 2,000 flights taking off and landing at the airport, the bridge cannot be built too high for safety reasons/5 said Meng Fanchao, chief designer of the project. “But you cannot have a submerged sea tunnel without any support. That forced us to build the artificial islands.”Chinese engineers declared a trail in installing deep-immersed tunnel tubes. 6tThere is no model for us to refer to as all the cases are shallow-buried tubes,9, said Meng.For lack of experience, the installation of the first tube lasted for 96 hours, said Yin Haiqing, deputy manager of the Project Management Department. Everyone was exhausted when we made it.”The 6.7-kilometer tunnel is the worlds longest submerged sea tunnel.Two artificial islands, covering an area of 200,000 square meters, help create a smooth transition between bridge sections and tunnels. Different from traditional island, the engineers put 120 steel cylinders （圆柱）with a 22-meter diameter （直径）into the seabed, make out the shape of an island, and fill the island with soil. It is an innovative way they adopted to build the artificial island, making it firmer, more efficient and friendly to the marine ecology.The HZMB provides a fixed link between the two Chinese economic centres Hong Kong and Macau and the mainland of China at Zhuhai.12. Why isnt the bridge built too high?A. The bridge hasnt any support.B. It isnt safe to build it too high.C. The engineers lack experience.D. The engineers want to make it special.13. What can we know about the HZMB from the text?A. All the structure of the HZMB is built on the ground.B. The 6.7-kilometre tunnel is the worlds longest tunnel.C. The HZMB is the first to install deep-immersed tunnel tubes.D. The installation of the first tunnel tube failed for the first time.14. Whats the function of two artificial islands?A. To declare a trail in building a sea-based bridge.B. To prevent the pollution from affecting the marine ecology.C. To ensure smooth traffic between bridge sections and tunnels.D. To guarantee the safety of the ships going through the estuary.15. What type of writing is this text?A. An advertisement.B. Science fiction.C. An announcement.D. A news report.【答案】12. B 13. C 14. C 15. D【解析】本文是说明文，介绍了珠港澳大桥的建设构造等方面的知识。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段With about 2,000 flights taking off and landing at the airport, the bridge cannot be built too high for safety reasons/5 said Meng Fanchao, chief designer of the project.可知，由于大约有2000个航班在机场起降，出于安全考虑，这座桥不能建得太高。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第4段There is no model for us to refer to 和第5段For lack of experience, the installation of the first tube lasted for 96 hours，可知，没有可供参考的模式，珠港澳大桥是第一个安装深埋隧道管的工程，故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段But you cannot have a submerged sea tunnel without any support. That forced us to build the artificial islands.可知，人工岛的建设是为了确保桥段与隧道之间的交通畅通，故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。本文讲述了珠港澳大桥的建设，属于新闻报道，故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Tipping is part of everyday life in many parts of the world. Its usually an informal charge thats paid on top of the bill to show appreciation to the person who has provided you a service.Tipping culture can vary from place to place. In the Middle East, people who serve usually try to be more helpful. _16_. An example is the tour guides of Egypt. When a tourist goesaround a famous site in Egypt like the pyramids, they11 often be accompanied by a very qualified tour guide. Thanks to the guide, a tourist will certainly know more about the pyramids than he orshe did at the start. _17_ .In some places, tipping doesnt exist at all. Tips arent part of life in China, South Korea or Japan. But in other places in Asia, not leaving a tip can lead to trouble. An American travel agent told Conde Nast Traveler that in India, for example, a person who doesnt leave a tip after a meal in a restaurant will often be chased down the street. _18_ , he said.Many people only give tips on a subjective （主观的）basis. But its this subjective aspect to tipping that can cause problems. On the one hand, they dont want to be mean; on the other hand, they dont want to pay too much and feel that theyve been cheated. _19_ .A common solution for this problem is to offer a guideline on the check. _20_.This can prevent the awkwardness when its time to pay up.A. Tips are then given to appreciate the expertise of the guideB. If you tip badly, people think less of youC. Theyll run after you and scream for moneyD. It will suggest that a certain percentage of the bill should be paid on top as a tipE. Very often people who travel to the United States forget to tipF. After all, a tip isnt part of the billG. But they may expect a little extra in return【答案】16. G 17. A18. C 19. F20. D【解析】本文为说明文，在世界上许多地方，给小费是日常生活的一部分，小费文化因地而异。【16题详解】根据空格前一句可知，提供服务的人通常试图提供更多的帮助，来期望得到一点额外的回报。故选G。【17题详解】该段通过举例可知，游客参观埃及著名的景点，如金字塔时，通过非常合格的导游的陪同，游客对金字塔的了解了更多，因此会付一些小费来感激导游的服务。故选A。【18题详解】根据上文可知，在亚洲某些地方，不留下小费可能会导致麻烦。一位美国旅行社告诉Conde Nast Traveler杂志，例如，在印度，一个人在餐馆用餐后不给小费，常常会被沿街追赶。所以，他们会追着你，尖叫着要钱，故选C。【19题详解】有些人给小费是基于自觉主动，但是这也引起一些问题。由上句on the other hand, they dont want to pay too much and feel that theyve been cheated.可知，他们不想付出太多，觉得自己被骗了。毕竟，小费不是账单的一部分，故选F。【20题详解】本段提出解决这一问题的一个常见方法。本句为提出建议，即建议以账单的一定比例作为小费支付，这样避免在该付钱时的尴尬，故选D。第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。My head was so full of digital noise that my brain was about to explode. As a writer, I was _21_ to admit my love of books had been replaced by a brain that simply could not sit _22_ . So, this year I _23_ to return to books before the Internet broke my brain.My goal was 52 books. It seemed like an impossible _24_. A 400-page book will take the _25_ person around eight hours to read. Finding the time to read was a challenge but I _26_ it anyway. I treated my mind like a misbehaving child who needs some rules laid down. Then I read for an hour or two at a time without _27_ each day. It was something I hadnt done in years.