宾语从句复习课件

Welcome,宾语从句,ObjectClause,了解宾语从句,宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。从句在全句中充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语。,什么是宾语从句？,主句中的宾语由完整的句子充当。,Hesaid(that)heboughtabookyesterday.主谓宾(宾语从句),宾语从句的类型:,I.当从句是陈述句时,用“that”引导.,1.Hesaid,“YouareyoungerthanI”.2.Hesays,“Tomisagoodstudent”.,HesaidthatIwasyoungerthanhim.,HesaysthatTomisagoodstudent.,注：that在句中无词汇意义,在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略,由that引导的宾语从句,宾语从句的类型:,Exercises:,由that引导的宾语从句,1.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.2.“Iwillcomeback.”Tomsaid.,Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.,Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.,当主句为过去时,从句要用相应的过去时态.,Hesaid,was,Tomsaid,would,宾语从句的类型:,Exercises:,由that引导的宾语从句,3.shesays,Shesawafilmyesterday.4.Ourteachertoldus,“Theearthgoesaroundthesun.”,Ourteachertoldustheearthgoesaroundthesun.,Shesaysthatshesawafilmyesterday.,当主句为现在时,从句时态不限.,当从句表达的是客观事实时,其时态不受主句的影响。,宾语从句的类型:,II.1.当从句是一般疑问句或反意疑问句时，用“if”或“whether”引导。,1.Shesaid,“Doyouoftencomeheretoreadnewspaper?”2.“WilltheygotovisittheGreatWall?”heasked.,Sheaskedif(whether)Ioftencameheretoreadnewspaper.,Heaskedif(whether)theywouldgotovisittheGreatWall.,由if或whether引导的宾语从句,1.Hewantstoknow,“YourefromAmerica,arentyou?2.“Tomhasfinishedhiswork,hasnthe?Themanagerasked.,HewantstoknowifwhetherIamfromAmerica.,ThemanageraskedifwhetherTomhadfinishedhiswork.,2.当从句是反意疑问句时，用“if”或“whether”引导。,Exercises:,3.Idontknow_ornot.（是否要下雨）,whetheritwillrain,*当句末为ornot时，只用whether而不用if.,1.Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus?Heasked.2.“Ishedoinghishomework?”Jimasked.,Heaskedifwhethertheylikedtomakefriendswiththem.,Jimaskedifwhetherhewasdoinghishomework.,由if或whether引导的宾语从句,III.当从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代词what,whom,whose,which,what及连接副词when,where,how,why引导,1.Heasked,“Wheredoyoulive?”2.“Howcanwegettothepost-office?”heasked.,HeaskedwhereIlived.,Heaskedhowtheycouldgettothepost-office.,由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句,1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.“HowcanIgettothestation?”Couldyoutellme?3.“Whenwillhecomeback?”Tomasked.,Exercises:,Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.,Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback.,CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?,由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句,1.Theteachertoldus.Dontplayonthestreet.,2.Shesaid.Openthewindows,please.,Theteachertoldusnottoplayonthestreet.,Sheaskedmeustoopenthewindows,当从句是祈使句时用动词不定式表示,nottoplay,toopen,引述动词有：tell,ask,order等,句型是:tell/ask/ordersb.(not)todosth.,宾语从句的时态:,主从句时态一致,当主句是现在时,宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态.,Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.Pleasetelluswhereheis.,Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.Idontknowhedidntcomeyesterday.,2.当主句是过去时,宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态.,宾语从句的时态:,*注意:当从句表达的是客观事实的时候,其时态不受主句的影响。,Heaskedwhattimeitwas.HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.,OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.,宾语从句的语序:,1.当从句是陈述句时,只需注意人称和时态的变化.,1.Lucyasked,“Couldyoudosomethingforme,Tom?”2.Hesaidtome,“Whatisyourname?”,陈述语序,LucyaskedTomifhecoulddosomethingforher.,Heaskedmewhatmynamewas.,宾语从句的语序:,陈述语序,2.当从句是一般疑问句或是特殊疑问句时,既要注意人称和时态的变化,更要注意把他们改为陈述语序.,CanyoutellmehowIcangettozoo?Pleasetellmewhenwellhaveameeting.,Iwanttoknowifwhetherhelivesthere.,Couldyoutellmewherebuysomestamps?,can,I,Couldyoutellmewhere?,is,thepostoffice,can,I,IdontknowwhatIshalldonext.,宾语从句与简单句的互换:,在以特殊疑问句词引导的从句中,有些句子可以转化成由“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”的形式.使句子由主从复合句变成简单句.,当主句中的主语与从句的主语一致时,直接变成简单句,Idontknowwhattodonext.,CanyoutellmehowIcangettothestop？Pleasetellhimwhichbookhewouldreadfirst.,Johndidntdecidewhichshirthewouldbuy.,2.当主句含有双宾语时,如间宾语和从句主语一致,也可变成简单句.,Canyoutellmehowtogettothestop.,Pleasetellhimwhichbooktoreadfirst.,Johndidntdecidewhichshirttobuy.,注意宾语从句中如果主句的谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,guess等,变否定句时,应把否定词前移到主句中;变疑问句时,应把主句变为疑问句。eg:,一般的宾语从句变否定式同其它的句子一样。ImafraidIcantgothere.恐怕我不能去那儿。,Idontguessyouknowtheanswertothequestion.,宾语从句的否定式:,Doyouknowsheisillinhospital?,我猜你不知道这个问题的答案。,你知道她生病住院了吗?,中考链接,单项选择-Couldyoutellme_thehospital?-Itsquitefar.YoucantaketheNo.1bustogothere.howIcangotoB.howcanIgettoC.howcanIreachD.whereis,A,单项选择-Couldyoutellme_?Iwanttopostaletter.whereisthepostofficeWherethepostofficeisC.howcanIgettothecinemaD.howIcangettothecinema,B,中考链接,【中考范例】1.(2004年北京市中考试题)MissGreendidnttellus_in2002.A.wheredoessheliveB.WhereshelivesC.wheredidsheliveD.whereshelived,【解析】答案：D该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。宾语从句应用陈述句的语序和时态，所以应选D。,2.(2004年上海市徐汇区中考试题)Wouldyoupleasetellme_?A.whendidhecomehomeB.wherehewouldplayfootballC.ifhehadseenthefilmD.whyhedidntwatchthegame,【解析】答案：D该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态.主句用的是现在时,宾语从句应陈述语序和一般过去时。,3.(2004年哈尔滨市中考试题)Idontknowwhen_.A.willthetrainleaveB.thetrainwillleaveC.wouldthetrainleaveD.thetrainleave,【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。只有B符合要求。,4.(2004年常州市中考试题)-Wedontknow_.-ItissaidthathewasborninSweden.A.whatheisB.ifheliveshereC.wherehecomesfromD.whichcountryishefrom,【解析】答案:C。该题考查宾语从句的语序。按照谈论的话题可知：他们说的是某人是哪里人.AB可排除,D语序不对,只有C正确。,翻译1.我不知道他什么时候来.Idontknowwhenhewillcome.2.你能告诉我他住在哪里吗?Canyoutellmewherehelives?3.你知道他为什么迟到吗?Doyouknowwhyheislate?,考考你,“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.“WilltheygotovisittheGreatWall?”heasked.3.“HowcanIgettothestation?”Couldyoutellme?4.Scientistsproved,“Lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound”.5.“Dontsmokeintheroom,”hesaidtome.,考考你,“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.2.“WilltheygotovisittheGreatWall?”heasked.,Hesaid(that)hewasdoinghishomework.,时态：am-was人称：I-hemy-his连词：that,Heaskedifwhethertheywouldgotovisitthe.,时态：will-would人称：they连词：ifwhether,考考你,3.“HowcanIgettothestation?Couldyoutellme4.Scientistsproved,“Lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound”.,时