高二英语Module 5The Great Sports personality外研社知识精讲

高二英语 Module 5 The Great Sports personality 外研社 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： Module 5 The Great Sports personality 教学目标： 本模块的中心话题是学生比较感兴趣的体育名人。教材涉及的体育明星包括体操王 子李宁，拳王阿里，球王贝利等。通过介绍，要求学生学习他们在体坛以及其他领 域不畏艰难，奋勇拼搏的精神。 单词、短语： athleticsrugbybatclubnetpitch ringstadiu7mtracktracksuittrainer retire performretirement background brandsportswear logo on the increaseadvantage guaranteepurchasedesigner gymnast sloganspecificsymbolmarathonscoreministry finalChampaign qualityultimaterise to ones feet victorydramaticallyprotestdeclareborough competitor tough 重点词语： pitchringstadiumtrackretire perform retirement background sportswearon the increaseadvantage guaranteepurchasedesignerspecificsymbol scoreministryfinalqualityultimate rise to ones feetvictorydeclare competitor tough 词语要点归纳： 1. They call him the prince of gymnasts. 译：人们称他为体操王子。 析：call sb. sth. 称某人为，can 后跟双宾语 例：（1）Tom is very tall and strong, so his friends always call him“Tarzan”. 汤姆又高又壮，所以朋友们总叫他“泰山” 。 （2）I think I could call this kind of flower dandelion. 我觉得可以称这 种花为蒲公英。 练一练 （1）Einsteins most famous theory is _ we call the Theory of Relativity . A. whatB. thatC. which D. why （2）After climbing this hill, well get to _ we call “the Great valley”. A. whatB. thatC. whichD. why 知识拓展 call on sb 拜访某人 call at sp 拜访某地 call back 回电话；叫回 call on 号召；请求 call for 需求 call.off 取消 call.after 追在后面喊；以（某人的名字）命名，以命名 例：（1）Today I called on my previous teacher in senior High. 今天我拜访了我的高中老师。 （2）The situation calls for prompt action. 形势所迫，必须立即采取行动。 练一练 （l）由于天气不好，比赛被取消了。 The match _. （2）最后他们决定以那个宇航员的名字给孙子命名。 Finally, they decided to _. 2. When sports Journalists met in 1999 to make a list of the greatest sportsmen and sportswomen of the twentieth century. Li Nings name was on it, together with footballer Pele and boxer Muhammad Ali. 译：1999 年体育新闻记者评选出了 20 世纪最伟大的男女运动员，李宁名列其中， 一起入选的还有球王贝利和拳王阿里。 析：make a list 列出，togetherwith “与一起” “还有” 。 例：He made a list of the pop stars he liked. 他列出了自己喜欢的明星。 知识拓展 shopping list 购物单 stand first on the list 列居首位。 （2）togetherwith 与一起，还有 例：He lost his family, together with his house after the fire. 大火之后，他失去了家庭，还有房子。 注意 together with 等短语以及部分介词与单数主语连用时，谓语动词应与前面 的主语保持一致；若与复数主语连用，谓语动词则与前面主语保持一致。 例：My father together with my sister and mother has been to the Great Wall. 我爸爸还有妈妈、妹妹都去过长城。 知识拓展 alongwith 同一道 as well as 不但，而且 in addition to 除之外 except / besides 除之外 like像一样 including 包括 例：（1）Tom as well as his friend is crazy about football. 汤姆和他朋友都喜欢足球。 （2）We, like you, are puzzled about his failure. 我们像你一样对他的失败 很迷惑。 练一练 （l）The recent stories including one of yours, _ published on the newspaper. A. have been B. has been C. have D. has （2）_ the names on the list, there are six other applicants. A. Except B. In addition to C. But for D. with 3. He was disappointed because he had not performed well in the 1988 Seoul Olympics. 译：他很失望，因为他在 1988 年汉城奥运会上他发挥不理想。 析：disappoint vt. 使失望 例：His bad behavior disappointed his parents a lot. 他的坏行为让他父母 很失望。 知识拓展 disappointed adj 失望的 disappointing 令人失望的 disappointment n. 失望 tired, tiring adj 疲惫的令人疲倦的 短语：be disappointed with 对感到失望 be disappointed at / about + doing sth to ones disappointment 令人失望的是 in disappointment 失望地 练一练 （1）Mr. Smith, _ of the _ speech, started to read a novel. A. tired; boring B. tiring; boredC. tired; boredD. tiring; boring （2）Hearing the news , he stood there silently, _. A. disappointB. disappointed C. disappointingD. disappointment 4. The bright red logo is made up of the first two pinyin Letters of Li Nings name, L and N. 译：那个红色商标是由李宁名字的两个开头字母组成，LN。 析：be made up of 由组成 知识拓展 make up 和好，虚构，铺床，化妆打扮 make up ones mind 下决心 例：Our class is made up of 63 students. 我们班是由 63 名学生组成。 练一练 （1）本故事纯属虚构。 The story is _. （2）她花很多时间用来起床后化妆。 She spends _. （3）最终，他决心和疾病抗争到底。 Finally, he _ to the end. 5. Li Nings sports clothes came into the market at just the right time. 译：李宁的运动服装在最佳时机上市。 析：at the right time 在适当时候 例：When Im lonely, he always calls me at the right time. 在我感到孤独时，他总是适时地给我打电话。 知识拓展 at the same time 同时 at a time 一次 at times 有时；不时 at one time 曾经；一度 all the time 总是 many a time 多次；屡次 in good time 及时地 in no time 立即；很快 练一练 （1）Chamber Lain was so excellent that _ the NBA changed the rules of the game to try to stop him.（曾经，一度） （2）The NBA star players are“selfish”, and they want the ball _. （总是） （3）Ive tried to find you _（很多次）, but I cant. （4）Lily was absorbed in reading, _（同时）, her little sister was busy with building blocks. 6. But even though he had won everything it was possible for him to win, Li Ning retired with the feeling that he had failed. 译：尽管已经赢得了自己在运动项目上所能赢得的一切，李宁还是带着一种失败感 退了役。 析：本句是一个复合句，even though 引导让步状语从句，it was possible to win 是定语从句，修饰 everything；主句中的 that he failed 是 feeling 的同 位语，that 引导一个同位语从句。 （1）even though / if ，即使，尽管 例：1）Ill support you and help you to try to achieve the goal, even though / if I am not confident. 尽管我没信心，我还是支持你并帮你尽力完成这个目标。 （2）We decide to visit the writer even if / though the weather is not fine. 即使天气不好，我们仍决定拜访那个作家。 练一练 （1）There was never any time for Kate to feel lonely , _ she was an only child. （2020 辽宁） A. ever sinceB. now thatC. even thoughD. even as （2） She doesnt consider marrying him, _ he is very rich. A. ever sinceB. now thatC. even ifD. even as 例：（l）He was surprised at the news that he had failed. 他失败的消息让 他很吃惊。 （2）I have no idea that Lens has gone abroad. 我不知道兰斯已经出国了。 练一练 （l）他带着找到一份工作的希望去了浙江。 He _. （2）我有一种再也见不到他的感受。 I have a feeling _. 7. But it was this sense of failure that made him determined to succeed in his new life. 译：但就是这种失败感，使他决心在新的生活中取得成功。 析：这是一个强调句，It was 强调部分：this sense of failure that 剩余 部分：made him determined to succeed in his new life. 例：It was in 1999 that he went back to his homeland. 是在 1999 年他回的 国。 知识拓展 It was / is not until 强调部分that 其它 例：It was not until last night that the police found the lost boy. 直到昨晚警察才找到那个失踪的男孩。 练一练 （l）It was not until nearly a month later _ I received the managers reply. （2020 全国） since B. whenC. asD. that （2）It was one month _ he gave in to his father. A. since B. whenC. thatD. before 例：（l）I determine to leave you. 我决心离开你。 （2）My uncle is a determined leader of a small factory. 我舅舅是一个小厂的有决心的领导人。 练一练 （l）Mark Twain left school early, and as an adolescent, _ in south America. （决心发财） （2）你决心去美国开始新生活吗？ _. 8. 高考经典题赏析与预测 1）赏析 Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which _ the Pacific, and we met no storms. （ 2020 辽宁） A. was calledB. is calledC. had been called D. has been called 指点迷津：这是 which 引导的非限定性定语从句，which 指 this open sea, “这 片广阔的海域被叫作太平洋”, the sea is Called the Pacific，这是一个客观 事实，所以用 is called 而不是 was called。 答案：B 2）预测 The meeting was _ because lots of people were so busy that they couldnt attend. A. called on B. put down C. called off D. called back 答案：C 9. 正误辨析，超级纠错 （1）正：He decided to launch a new brand of sportswear, competing with global giants like Nike and Adidas. 译：他决定开创一个新的运动品牌，与阿迪和耐克竞争。 误：He decided to launch a new brand of sportswear, competed with global giants like Nike and Adidas. 纠错分析：competingwith 是现在分词短语作伴随状语，不是独立句子（因为缺 少连词） ，主语是 He ，主语发出动作“He competes”主语与动词 compete 是主谓 关系，所以用 competing 现在分词形式。 （2）正：Li Ning discovered that the work of a great sportsman doesnt finish when he retires from the sport. 译：李宁发现一个运动员的事业并不是在退役时就结束了。 误：Li Ning discovered that the work of a great sportsman doesnt finish when he retire the sports. 纠错分析：retire vi.，隐居，退休，退役，不能直接加 n. 例：He retired from school at the age of 55. 他 55 岁从学校退休。 语法知识： 状语从句的用法： 状语从句，在句中起状语的作用，根据其意义可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结 果、条件、让步、方式、比较九种，本册主要复习时间、条件和让步状语从句。 1. 时间状语从句 （l）表示“当时候” ；when, while, as , whenever 如 When you come here , bring your son. 你来时把你儿子带上吧。 （2）表示“一就” as soon as, the moment / minute / instant, immediately, directly, instantly, hardly / scarcelywhen , no soonerthan 等，如： Hardly had they arrived, the train pulled away. 他们一到火车就开走了。 He paid back the money the minute he saw her. 他一见到她就把钱还给她了。 注意 when, while, as 的区别 （1）when 既可指“时间点” ，与短暂性动词连用，也可指“时间段” ，与延续性动 词连用（这时可与 while 互换） 例：When the phone rang, I was watching TV. 电话铃响时，我正在看电视。 When I was in university, I did part-time jobs very often. 我上大学时常作兼职。 （2）while 只表时间段，因此 while 从句的谓语动词要与延续性动词连用。 例：Dont go out alone while I am not at home. 我不在家时不要独自外出。 Tom is reading while I am writing. 汤姆读书时我在写字。 （3）as 与 when 的用法相似，但 as 强调主句动作与从句动作同时发生，有“随 着”或“一边一边”之意。 例：As you grow older, youll learn the meaning of love. 随着你慢慢长大， 你会领悟爱的真谛。 练一练 翻译句子： （1）每次你离开，我都会流泪。 _. （2）他一听到这个坏消息就一言不发地走了。 _. （3）当你在邮局时给我带几张邮票好吗？ _. （4）他一直不肯向父亲低头直到自己意识到错误。 _. 2. 条件状语从句除 if, unless，suppose 引导以外，还可用 so/ as long as（只 要）, only if（只有）引导 例：Ill buy the MP3 only if you permit. 只有你点头我才买 MP3. If the weather is fine, well go for a picnic. 如果天气好我们就去野餐。 练一练 （1）这些动物不会灭绝的，只要人们学会保护自然。 _. （2）我不在乎你是谁，从哪里来，只要你正直、善良、并且爱我。 _. （3）除非有人邀请，否则我不会去的。 _. 3. 让步状语从句除可用 though , although, however, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever 引导以外，还可用 even if / though（即使）, no matter + how / what / which / when / where / who 等引导，表示“无论怎样什么哪 个什么时候哪谁” 。此外也可用 as 引导，但用倒装， “adj / n / v + as 主+V 谓” 例：（l）Even if he had won everything it was possible for him to win, Li Ning retired with a feeling that he had failed. 尽管李宁已经赢得了自己能赢得的一切，李宁还是带着一种失败感退了役。 （2）No matter where you go, Ill go with you. 不管你去哪儿，我都会相随。 倒装：（3）Try as she might, she failed to open the door. 尽管她尝试了还是没打开门。 练一练 翻译句子： （1）不管他说什么，我们都不愿再相信他。 _. （2）他还是离开了，即使不舍得这个地方。 _. （3）不管谁违法都要受惩罚。 _. 注意当 though 引导的状语从句是系表结构，而且从句的主语和主句的主语相同时， 从句中的主语和 be 动词可以省略。 例：Though he is poor, the man is happy. 尽管这个男的不富有，但他很快乐。 可以写为 Though poor, the man is happy. 【模拟试题】 单项填空 1. Would you please show me how to use the software ? Sorry ,Im busy right now .Just and practise. A. wait B. come alongC. keep up D. go ahead 2. Dont speak in such a manner, youll get into trouble. A. thatB. orC. as ifD. and 3. I dont think you enjoy plays . I but I now . A. didnt; canB. did; doC. usednt to; do D. usednt;do 4. A computer only does you have instructed it to do. A. howB. afterC. whatD. when 5. What caused the accident ? It was my fault ,sir .I to the left. A. ought not to have turnedB. neednt have turned C. shouldnt turnD. couldnt turn 6. Can you finish fixing it on time ? Only when skilled workers join in now . A. another twoB. two the otherC. more twoD. other two 7. Apples are usually sold by weight, and eggs are sometimes sold by dozen. A. the ;the B. ;a C. ;the D. the; a 8. Its that all the people invited will come before nine . Dont be so . A. certain ;certainB. certain ;sure C. sure ; sureD. sure; certain 9. Do you have anything more ,sir ? Not at the moment .Have a rest then. A. typingB. to be typing C. typedD. to be typed 10. When I said some students were so lazy that they couldnt hand in their exercisebooks , I to you . A. didnt referB. hasnt referredC. wasnt referring D. dont refer 11. How did you find last nights performance ? Wonderful ! Ive never seen one. A. a betterB. the better C. so good D. so better 12. Although he has taken a lot of medicine, his health poor. A. continuesB. keepsC. remainsD. proves 13. Who did the head the wire? A. have fixB. has fixedC. have fixedD. has fix 14. Robert is said to be studying abroad, but I dont know . A. in which country in he studyingB. which country he is studying in C. he is studying is which country D. which country is he studying in 15. She is such a good teacher we all love and respect. A. that B. whoC. so D. as 完形填空 George had stolen some money, and had been caught by the police .Now his 16 was about to begin .He felt 17 that he would be sent to prison for a long time. Then he 18 that his friend Jim was one of the members of the jury （陪审团）. He succeeded in seeing him 19 .He said to him, “Jim , I know that the jury will find me guilty of having stolen the money .I cant hope to be found 20 of taking it .But I should be grateful 21 you if you could 22 the other members of the jury to 23 some strong 24 for me to their statement that they consider me seriously guilty .” “Well, George,” answered Jim,“I shall 25 try to do what I can for you as an old friend, 26 I cannot promise you will be highly 27 with the result .The other eleven members of the jury are not 28 good terms with me.”Of course, George was very 29 ,but he did not have a 30 to see Jim for some time after the trial .At last, 31 ,Jim visited him in prison .George 32 him very much for what he had done . “Well, George,” Jim told him, “33 I thought, those eleven men were very 34 to persuade, but I managed it in the end 35 tiring them out .You know ,those fools had all wanted to find you not guilty !” 16. A. punishmentB. trialC. sentenceD. arrest 17. A. doubtfulB. firmC. sureD. uncertain 18. A. wondered B. imagined C. explainedD. discovered 19. A. secretlyB. rarelyC. oftenD. openly 20. A. guiltyB. moralC. not moral D. not guilty 21. A. forB. withC. to D. of 22. A. pleaseB. tryC. persuade D. advise 23. A. addB. add upC. increaseD. increase up 24. A. feelingB. mercyC. care D. excuse 25. A. difficultyB. easilyC. certainlyD. uncertainly 26. A. soB. butC. thusD. then 27. A. surprisedB. supposedC. satisfiedD. separated 28. A. inB. byC. onD. of 29. A. luckyB. unluckyC. pleasedD. disappointed 30. A. timeB. hopeC. chanceD. reason 51. A. moreoverB. howeverC. thereforeD. thus 32. A. complainedB. criticizedC. thankedD. envy 33. A. AsB. LikeC. If D. Though 34. A. foolishB. easyC. cleverD. difficult 35. A. inB. byC. withD. after 阅读理解 A In China, if you are not married by the time you are 30, you are in for trouble: social blame, pressure from family and friends can get you down. And if you are a woman, its even worse. Many young people get married simply to get other people off their backs .This is a serious compromise （妥协）with their ideals （理想）. One ends up not marrying the ideal partner. There are, however, a few young people who refuse to compromise: if they cant find a good marriage partner, they say, they would rather not marry at all. 34-year-old Wang is a university lecturer in English .She says she would not describe herself as bachelorette（独身主义者）but simply a woman who hasnt come across the right man yet .She has sharp comments for the way in which the old generation looks at marriage. “Many people think marriage is a duty to your parents, family and society. Nobody cares if your marriage is happy or not.” She said, “I think this is very wrong .I intend to live and act according to my own will.” Happily for her, her parents are open-minded and never put pressure on her. But the same does not apply to her friends. They are constantly trying to get her together with some young man or another .She always refuses politely. 36. The main idea of this passage is that . A. marriage is a duty of society B. people should get married before 30 years old C. late marriage should be respected D. women should get married earlier than men 37. Miss Wang refuses to get together with some young man or another because . A. she doesnt think he is the right man she wants B. he doesnt know English C. he is either impolite or little learned D. he is either too old or too young 38. In the first paragraph, the underlined words “in for” mean . A. interested in B. satisfied with C. worried aboutD. certain or likely to have 39. Which is NOT true according to this passage? A. In China, one will face social blame and family pressure if one hasnt got married at the age of 30. B. Miss Wangs parents are always worried about her marriage. C. Miss Wang wont compromise with social pressure. D. Miss Wang wants to marry a worthy young man. B Many people will remember the flight of the space shuttle （航天飞机） Challenger ,in June ,1993 . The achievement of Sally Ride, Americas first woman astronaut to fly into space, made this flight especially memorable. Students from two Camden, New Jersey, high schools, however, are probably to remember Norma rather than Sally whenever they think about the flight. Norma didnt travel alone. She brought about 100 companions along with her. Norma was an ant ,a queen ant who , with her subject ,made up the first and colony （群体）to travel into space .The ants were part of a science experiment designed by the s