高二英语Unit 5 TheBritish Isles教案人教版

Unit 5 The British Isles考纲要求： 考纲规定的考试范围:重点单词与短语consist；state；powerful；mistaken；narrow；unknown；republic；Europe；form；Atlantic；general；influence；basis；inland；conquer；upper；union；judge；queen；cigarette；proof；own；foot；employ；sheet；grain；westwards；approach；historical; consist of；be made up of；make the most of；hold together；in general句型The Group of Eight (G8) consists of the eight richest countries in the world. 组成的表示方法Within the UK for many years now, there has been a growing movement to make the most of its cultural diversity.使用的表示方法In the summer months the difference in temperature between London and the north can be as much as nine degrees! as+ adj/adv. as 表示程度的用法语法：名词性从句的用法 复习本章要达到的目标1. 掌握consist；state；powerful；mistaken；narrow；unknown；republic；Europe；form；Atlantic；general；influence；basis；inland；conquer；upper；union；judge；queen；cigarette；proof；own；foot；employ；sheet；grain；westwards；approach；historical; consist of；be made up of；make the most of；hold together；in general等重点单词及短语的用法。2. 掌握组成的表示方法；使用的表示方法；as+ adj/adv. as 表示程度的用法；名词性从句的用法。教材知识归纳知识归纳1. Name five important cities in the United Kingdom.1. 给.取名;给.命名（name sb./sth. sth.）They named the baby Elizabeth.他们为婴孩取名伊莉莎白。2. 说出.的名字(与can/could/be able to连用)Can you name all the plants and trees in this garden?你能叫出花园里所有花草树木的名称吗?3. 提名;任命She was named winner of the contest.她被提名为这次比赛的获胜者。相关归纳：(1)in the name of凭的权威；以的名义Stop doing that, in the name of God!看在上帝的分上,别干了!I will arrest you in the name of law.我将以法律的名义逮捕你。(2)call sb. names辱骂某人It is wrong of you to call him names.你辱骂他是不对的。(3)name. after . 以名字命名The island is named after its discovery.这个岛屿是以他的发明者命名的。(4)name sb. for提名某人担任(某职务)The board named Jack for manager of the company.董事会任命杰克为该公司的经理。(5)know sb. by name仅仅知道某人的名字(没有见过面)I know him by name but I dont know him.我知道他的名字但是我不了解他。2. Try to reach agreement on main points.agree的语法派生词：disagree v. 不同意；不一致agreement n.同意，一致； 协定，协议disagreement n. 意见不同知识梳理：(1)agree with同意某人的话；（气候或食物）适合某人与一致(2)agree to同意;接受(宾语多为：plan, suggestion, idea, arrangement等)Do you agree to my plan?你接受我的计划吗?(3)agree on 对.取得一致意见(强调双方经过协商达成共识、一致意见)The two sides agreed on a cease-fire.双方达成了停火协议。(4) agree to do sth 同意做某事They agreed to give it to me the next day.他们同意第二天将它给我。(5)agree that clause 认为；认同He agreed that Ann was the winner.他承认安是获胜者。(6) agree to ones doing sth 同意某人做某事We dont agree to Toms going through the hall with a basket full of rubbish.我们不同意汤姆带着已满篮垃圾走过大厅。(7)sth be agreed 大家都同意A journey to the beach is all agreed.去海边旅游是大家都赞成的。(8)Its generally agreed that. 人们普遍认为It is generally agreed that Tom will replace Jack as our manager.大家普遍认为汤姆会取代杰克作为我们的经理。(9)sign / break an / the / ones agreement 签署撕毁协议It is against the law to break an agreement.撕毁协议是违法的。(10)reach / arrive at / come to an agreement (with sb) (与某人)达成协议There is no need to come to an agreemen with the enemy.没有必要和敌人达成协议。(11)(be)in agreement with sb/sth与某人意见一致Our plan is in agreement with his.我们的计划与他们的一致。注意：英语中绝不能使用agree sb to do sth 句式。3. The Group of Eight (G8) consists of the eight richest countries in the world.(1)consist of意为“由组成”。(= include; be made up of)The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.联合王国包括大不列颠与北爱尔兰。The committee consists of ten members.委员会由十名成员组成。(2)consist in 在于，存在于The beauty of the plan consists in its simplicity.这个计划的好处就在于简单易行。The true wealth does not consist in what we have, but in what we are.真正的财富不是财产，而是人格。The beauty of the picture consists in its balance of colors.这副画的美在于其色彩的调和。(3)consist with 与并存，一致Theory should consist with practice.理论应与实践相一致。相关归纳：“由组成”的表示方法：(1)be made up ofThe committee is made up of ten members.委员会由十名成员组成。(2)be composed ofThe committee is composed of ten members.委员会由十名成员组成。(3)make upTen members make up the committee.委员会由十名成员组成。4. Within the UK for many years now, there has been a growing movement to make the most of its cultural diversity.相关归纳：充分利用的英语表达方式：()make the most of尽量利用，充分利用We should try to make the best of our stay here to make freinds.我们要尽量利用我们在这里的这段时间去交新朋友。(2) make the best ofWe should make the best of our soare time.我们要充分利用我们的空余时间。(3) take full advantage ofWe should take full advantage of all educational opportunities.我们应该好好利用一切教育机会。（4）employ sth. to the fullWe should employ our soare time to the full.我们要充分利用我们的空余时间。5. Do island nations have advantages over other countries?advantage 的用法：(1)有利条件,优点,优势He had the advantage of a good education.他具备受过良好教育的优势。(2)利益,好处What is the advantage of using nuclear power?使用核能有何好处?相关归纳：(1)have an advantage over 胜过，优于；In playing basketball, Yao Ming has an obvious advantage over others.在篮球方面姚明比其他人有明显的有利条件。(2)take advantage of利用We should take advantage of the modern teaching equipment.我们应该利用现代化的教学设备。(3)to one s advantage 对某人有利The present situation is to our advantage.目前的形势对我们有利。(4) advantages and disadvantages利害关系We should weigh between before making an decision.在作出决定之前一定要权衡利弊。6. In general, Scotland is colder throughout the year, and receives more rain.（1）in general= generally= generally speaking“通常，大体上，一般而言”，通常用于概括，类似概括的词语还有：on the whole总的说来；as a rule通常；in most cases多数情况下； broadly speaking广义地讲； all in all总的说来；in a word简言之In general, I prefer a comedy to a tragedy.一般说来,我喜欢喜剧甚于悲剧。On the whole, the area of desert in the world is growing every year.总的来说，世界上沙漠的面积在逐年增加。In short, the film was the best Ive ever seen.总的来说，这是我看过的最好的电影。All in all, it was a failure.总的说来,这事是失败的。In a word, hes useless.简言之,他毫无用处。（2）throughout=all through“从头到尾，自始至终”指时间概念This feeling persisted throughout the day.这种感觉持续了一整天。It rained throughout the night. 雨下了一整夜。=all over=across “遍及”指地点概念The National Day was celebrated throughout the country.全国都在庆祝国庆日。He is famous throughout the world.他闻名于世界。7. Their languages formed the basis for English.form 的用法：派生词： formation n. 形成；组成 formal adj. 形式上的；正式的 informal adj. 非正式的相关归纳：(1)in the form of 以形式Churches are often built in the form of a cross.教堂常常建成十字形。(2)fill in / out the form 填表格To apply for a job, you must fill out a form.申请工作要填表。(3)be in / out of form 处于良好(不好)的竞技状态If she is in form, she can win the match easily.如果她竞技状态良好,她可以轻易赢得这场比赛。(4) form in ones mind (计划、主意等)开始形成;产生An idea formed in her mind.她脑子里产生了一个主意。(5)form the habit of doing sth.He fomed the habit of getting up early in the morning.他养成了早起的习惯。8. There are six spoken languages that are considered to be native to the British Isles as well as two local accents.(1) consider + v. -ing动名词形式Ive never really considered getting married.我从未真正考虑过结婚的事。Were considering moving to Seattle.我们考虑搬往西雅图。(2) consider + 宾语 (= as)(= think of sb.sth. as)He always considered her (as) his real mother.他一向把她视为自己的亲生母亲。He was considered as a kind of god by the natives.他被当地人看作是神仙。(3) consider + 宾语 (= to be) I consider Yao Ming (to be) one of the finest basketball players alive today.我认为姚明是当今最优秀的篮球运动员之一。Michael is considered an expert in computer science.迈克尔被认为是位电脑专家。Jean considered herself (to be) very lucky.琼认为自己非常幸运。(4)consider + that-clauseHave you considered that he is only a little boy?你有没有考虑到他仅仅是个小孩?His health is good if you consider his age.如果你考虑到他的年纪,他的健康状况就算良好了。(5)It be considered that从句=sb/sth be considered +不定式的适当形式。He was considered to have finished the job without delayed.= It was considered that he finished the job without delayed.人们人为他及时完成了工作。9. He approached Salisbury from the east.approach 的用法：vt./vi.(1)接近,靠近; 即将达到He cautiously approached the house.他小心地走近那房子。(2)找.商量(或联系)Have you approached the manager about taking a day off next week?你是否同经理谈过下周请一天假的事?Did Mary approach you about lending her some money?玛丽找你商量过有关借钱给她的事吗?(3)着手处理,开始对付He approached the question as a scientist.他从科学家的角度来处理这一问题。n. 接近,靠近; 方法,方式;态度C(+to)I like her approach to the problem.我喜欢她解决这个问题的方法。Snow announced the approach of winter.雪宣告了冬季的来临。注意：approach作名次讲后接定语时要采用approach to+n./动名词这一结构。The approach to settling the problem is very easy.解决这个问题的方法很简单。概念提示重点/热点1：In the summer months the difference in temperature between London and the north can beas much as nine degrees!as+ adj/adv. as 表示程度易混易错点1：名词性从句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses）。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。主语从句主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。a) It is a pity that you didnt go to see the film. 你不去看那场电影真可惜。b) It doesnt interest me whether you succeed or not.我对你成功与否不感兴趣。c) It is in the morning that the murder took place.谋杀案是在早上发生的。（强调句型）d) It is John that broke the window.是John打碎的窗户。（强调句型）2. 用it 作形式主语的结构(1) It is 名词 从句It is a fact that 事实是It is an honor that 非常荣幸It is common knowledge that 是常识(2) It is 形容词 从句It is natural that 很自然It is strange that 奇怪的是(3) It is 不及物动词 从句It seems that 似乎It happened that 碰巧It appears that 似乎(4) It 过去分词 从句It is reported that 据报道It has been proved that 已证实It is said that 据说3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况：（1）if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。（2）It is said /reported结构中的主语从句不可提前。正确表达：It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week.错误表达：That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said.（3）It happens/occurs结构中的主语从句不可提前。正确表达：It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.错误表达：That he failed in the examination occurred to him.（4）It doesnt matter how/whether 结构中的主语从句不可提前。正确表达：It doesnt matter whether he is wrong or not.错误表达：Whether he is wrong or not doesnt matter.（5）含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。正确表达：Is it likely that it will rain in the evening?错误表达：Is that will rain in the evening likely?4. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语宾语表语，而that 则不然。a) What you said yesterday is right.b) That she is still alive is a consolation宾语从句宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词之后。1. 作动词的宾语(1) 由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略)I heard that be joined the army. 我听说他参军了。(2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句a) She did not know what had happened.她不知道发生了什么。b) I wonder whether you can change this note for me我想知道你是否能帮我改一下笔记。(3) 动词间接宾语宾语从句。例如：She told me that she would accept my invitation.她对我说她会接受我的邀请。2. 作介词的宾语Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.我们的成功取决于我们之间的合作。3. 作形容词的宾语，例如：I am afraid (that) Ive made a mistake.我恐怕我已经犯了一个错误。注意：that 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句。4. it 可以作为形式宾语it 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。We heard it that she would get married next month. 我听说她下个朋就会结婚了。5. 后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词这类动词有allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。正确表达：I admire their winning the match.错误表达：I admire that they won the match.6. 不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词有些动词不可用于“动词间接宾语that从句“结构中，常见的有envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等。正确表达：He impressed the manager as an honest man.错误表达：He impressed the manager that he was an honest man.7. 否定的转移若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。I dont think this dress fits you well. 我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。讲题组课内题例与课后题：课内题例1.British students only have a language _ for jobs in the USA and Australia.A. chance B. abilityC. possibility D. advantage变式1.He gained an advantage _ his opponent.A .over B. above C.on D. against解析：1本题考查advantage的意思。本句的language advantage的意思是“语言方面的优势”。答案：D变式1. 考查短语gain an advantage over sb.“胜过；优于”的用法。答案：A2. Has the boy who was made use of _ realized his mistakes?A. stealing B. to stealC. for stealing D. stolen变式1. The _ should be made of the working time_ production.A. most; to increase B. use; increasingC. best; and be increased D. full; for increasing解析：此题主要考查短语后的非谓语动词形式。 “利用去做某事”。要用不定式作目的状语，即：makeuse of.to do sth。句中的of有宾语，就是前面的the boy。题意是：那个被人利用去偷盗的男孩意识到自己的错误了吗? 答案：B变式1. 该句的意思是“应该充分利用工作时间来增加产量。”make the most of充分利用它的被动式可以是The most be made of;第二空为不定式作状语表示目的。所以答案为：A3. After supper she would sit down by the fire, sometimes for _ an hour, thinking of her young and happy days.A. as long as B. as soon asC. as much as D. as many as变式1. The stone weighs _ three tons.A. as heavy as B. as much asC. as weghty as D. as many as变式2. The tree is _ 4 feet at its thickest point.A. as thick as B. as much asC. as long as D. so thick as解析：3. 本题考查as.as的用法。本题中，根据题意可以知道，应为“长达一小时”，选项A中的as long as表示“(时间等)长达”；选项B表示“尽快”；选项C表示“(数量等)多达”；选项D也表示“多达”。所以答案为：A变式1. 该句意思是“这块石头重达3吨。”由于重这一意思已经由weigh表示，所以再用as heavy as就是重复，因此只能用as much as。答案：B变式2. 粗达本应用as thick as，但是由于有at its thickest point这一短语，再用as thick as就是重复，因此只能用as much as。答案：B4. Information has been put forward_ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A. while B. that C. when D. as解析： 本题考查考生对名词性从句的辨析和运用能力。本题纵观全句可知 information 与同位语从句被谓语动词隔开。根据句意，应用that来引导。而while，when，as都用来引导状语从句。5. The opening province which _ thirteen counties and three coastal cities will quicken its paces of economic development.A. consists of B. makes upC. is included D. is contained变式1. Education does not consist simply _ learning a lot of facts.A. in B. with C. of D. for解析：5. 此题主要考查相似意义的短语或动词的用法辨义问题。A B应该使用被动结构即：is madeup of。C不应该使用被动语态。而D本身是错误的，在本题中不可使用。答案：A变式1. 考查固定短语consist of，所以答案为：C课后题：1.- How long _ at this job?- Since 1990.A. were you employed B. have you been employedC. had you been employed D. will you be employed2. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; There are pictures_ in your mind instead of before your eyes.A. to form B. formC. forming D. having formed3. Theres a feeling in me _ well never know what a UFO is - not ever.A. that B. whichC. of which D. what4.Some words have the same for singular and plural.A. kindB. formC. typeD. shape5.Happily for Johns mother，he is working harder to his lost time.A. make up forB. save up forC. make use ofD. make sure解析：1. 考查上下文中时态的运用。从问句中的how long和回答中的Since 1990都可以知道应该选现在完成时态表示对现在的影响。答案：B2. 考查非谓语动词的实际运用。There be 句型后面经常接动词-ing形式表示该名词 pictures 与 in your mind 的关系是主动的而该动作表示主动进行。答案：C3. 考查a feeling 与同位语从句被介词短语in me分割开这一语法现象。答案：A4. 此处考查词义：A“种类”；B“形式”；C“类型”；D“形状”；句意为：有些单词的单复数形式相同。答案：B5. 由句意知，此处是“弥补”的意思。为让约翰的母亲高兴，他努力工作以弥补失去的时间。其他的意思不符。答案：A课后练习题A组：1.There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars road conditions need .A. that；to be improvedB. which；to be improvedC. where；improvingD. when；improving2.We cannot figure out quite a lot of insects, birds and animals are dying out.A. thatB. asC. whyD. when3.The newly-discovered star was named a Chinese astronomer honor of his contributions to astronomy.A. for；inB. after；forC. as；inD. after；in4.At the meeting he didnt speak for long，but he spoke very much .A. for the pointB. to the pointC .at the pointD. in the point5.The speaker had to his speech in a hurry. In other words，his speech failure.A. end in；ended upB. end up；ended inC. end in；ended up withD. end up；ended up as6.Would you like some more chicken?No，thanks. I am a diet and Im trying to weight.A. on；loseB. on；put onC. in；haveD. in；lose7.We should the problem from different angles.A. approachB. provideC. suggestD. make8.What do you think of Mr. Brown? ，he is not an honest man.A. Strictly speakingB. Strictly speakC. Strict speakingD. Speaking9.The reporter said that the UFO east to west when he saw it.A. was travelingB. traveledC. had been travelingD. was to travel10.Since we cant find a more proper word, Lets leave it it is.A. asB. whereC. whatD. how答案：1.A that引导的同位语从句，具体说明“a new problem”的内容。need后既可接动名词也可接动词不定式的被动形式作宾语。2.C 根据题意：我们弄不清楚为什么大量昆虫、鸟类和动物正在渐渐消亡。figure out“弄清楚”，后接疑问词引导的定语从句。3. D 考查name的用法。name after“以名字命名”；name sb. for“提名某人担任”；in honor of“为了纪念”。4. B A、D无此结构，B“切中要害”；C“在某处，一度”。句意