2020学年高中英语 Unit 2 Period Two Learning about Language同步精品学案 新人教版必修1

Period TwoLearning about Language 直接引语和间接引语()语法规则(祈使句改为间接引语)1根据祈使句的语气，如果是强制性的，如军官、警官对下级，老板对雇员等，把say改为order或demand；如是同级之间一般性的语气，则改为tell；如遇客气的请求，则改为ask，但时态均不变。2把祈使的对象放在order，demand，tell，ask后面，作其宾语。3把祈使句的动词原形改为不定式to do 或not to do，放在宾语后面，并去掉引号。4. 如祈使句中有代词，要视具体情况作相应的变化，如yourhis/her，thisthat，总的原则是使所指不变。5祈使句改为间接引语后，成了一个简单句子，整个句子结构为：主语order/demand/tell/asksb.to do/not to do sth.。“Take off your boots！”the guard said to Hill.The guard ordered Hill to take off his boots.Mrs.Black said to the students angrily，“Dont make any noise！”Mrs.Black ordered the students not to make any noise.Father said to me，“Look after your little sister.”Father told me to look after my little sister.“Please help me carry this box，”she said to John.She asked John to help her carry that box.【拓展】直接引语若为祈使句(通常表示命令、要求、建议等)，变为间接引语时，常构成简单句型“引述动词ask/tell/order/advise/warn/remind/etc.名(代)词宾语(not)不定式”。其中，引述动词根据说话者的语气来确定。“Remember to switch off all the lights，”she said.She reminded me to switch off all the lights.“Dont make a mess in the kitchen，”she said to him.She asked/told/warned him not to make a mess in the kitchen.“Youd better hurry，Bill，”she said.She advised Bill to hurry.注意：祈使句句型变化注意事项：（1）直接引语中的称呼语是祈使的对象，改为间接引语时，常作引述动词的宾语。如原句中没有称呼语，通常要加上宾语如me，him，us等。He said，“Go and tell her，Tom.”He told Tom (me) to go and tell her.(2)直接引语中如果有表示客气的please或表示强调的助动词do，改为间接引语时须去掉。He said to me，“Sit down，please.”He asked me to sit down.(3)表示劝告、指示、命令等的祈使句也可以改为that引导的含有情态动词should的宾语从句。He said，“Go and see her.”He said/advised that I should go and see her.(4)let的祈使句改为间接引语时，须根据它们表示的意义而定。He said，“Lets go to the cinema.”He suggested going to the cinema.He suggested that we go to the cinema.(5)疑问祈使句和带有附加句的祈使句改为间接引语时和一般祈使句一样，改为宾语加不定式短语的结构。He said，“Will you help me，please？”He asked me to help him.(6)表示祝愿的祈使句变为间接引语时，必须根据它们的意义而定。“Heaven helps me！”he said.He wished that Heaven would help him.及时反馈把下列句子改为间接引语1“Change your dirty uniform！”the officer said to his man.The_officer_ordered_his_man_to_change_his_dirty_uniform.2“Put my purse in the drawer of the desk and lock it，”the wife said to her husband.The_wife_told_her_husband_to_put_her_purse_in_the_drawer_of_the_desk_and_lock_it.3“Dont be late again！”the teacher said to his student.The_teacher_told_his_student_not_to_be_late_again.4“Dont come in without ringing my office first，”the boss said to his assistant.The_boss_ordered_his_assistant_not_to_go_in_without_ringing_his_office_first.5“Please dont smoke at the food counter，”the waitress said to Bill.The_waitress_asked_Bill_not_to_smoke_at_the_food_counter.6“You two，open this door，”he said to the two men.He_told_the_two_men_to_open_that_door.把下列直接引语的句子变成间接引语1“Bob，be sure to lock the door before you go to bed，”mother said.Mother_told_Bob_to_be_sure_to_lock_the_door_before_he_went_to_bed.2The teacher told his students，“Watch me carefully when I do this experiment.”The_teacher_asked_his_students_to_watch_him_carefully_when_he_did_that_experiment.3“Please pass me the sugar，”Mary asked her sister.Mary_asked_her_sister_to_pass_her_the_sugar.4“Dont forget to turn off all the lights before you leave the room，”Mrs. Green told her son.Mrs._Green_told_her_son_not_to_forget_to_turn_off_all_the_lights_before_he_left_the_room.5“Please dont go to school until you have no fever，” the doctor said to the patient.The_doctor_asked_the_patient_not_to_go_to_school_until_he_had_no_fever.6“Dont drink too much，”the wife told her husband.The_wife_told_her_husband_not_to_drink_too_much.7He said，“Dont look out of the window when the train is moving.”He_asked_the_passengers_not_to_look_out_of_the_window_when_the_train_was_moving._8“Could you please show me how to use the computer？” he asked.He_asked_me_if_I_could_show_him_how_to_use_the_computer.9The teacher said to us，“The earth is round.”The_teacher_told_the_students_that_the_earth_is_round.10Mr.Wu often says，“You must speak English as often as possible.”Mr.Wu_often_tells_me_that_I_must_speak_English_as_often_as_possible.11“I prefer maths to physics，” he said.He_said_that_he_preferred_maths_to_physics.12“Are you interested in history and biology？” she asked them.She asked them if they were interested in history and biology.13“How often do you visit your home village？” I asked him.I_asked_him_how_often_he_visited_his_home_village.14He said to us，“Follow your teachers instructions.”He_told_us_to_follow_my_teachers_instructions.15“Dont punish the children，” the woman said to him.The_woman_told_him_not_to_punish_the_children.句型转换1“Go to bed and dont get up till you are called，” his father ordered.His father ordered him to go to bed and not to get up till he was called.2“Dont pass until the green light is on，” the policeman said to him.The policeman told him not to pass until the green light was on.3“Will you please pass me that book？” he asked.He asked me if I would pass him that book.4“Why dont you go with us？” he asked.He asked me why not go with him.5The teacher told him to go to her office at once.The teacher said to him，“come to my office at once！”6Mother asked the police officer to show her the way to the hospital.Mother asked the police officer，“Please show me the way to the hospital.”7The doctor told him not to smoke any more.The doctor said，“Dont smoke any more.”8The young man asked his boss to let him go home earlier that day.The young man asked his boss，“Let_ me go home earlier today.”.单句改错1.Because his laziness he often fails in his exams. Because Because of2.As if they dont know each other,they can be introduced to each other by our teacher.AsEven3.Do you know in many countries people speak Chinese as the second language?thea4My hometown changed a great lot over the past years. changed前加has5.The phrase using in the sentence is not correct. usingused6In the article the writer made use a wider vocabulary. use后加of7.Advertisements basing on these facts have been printed in newspapers and magazines but have not helped much. basingbased8.The books over there are much more interesting than that on the shelf. thatthose9English has used in Hong Kong since about 1842. has后加been10.The number of students taking parttime jobs have increased during the last few years. havehas.完成句子1Mother told the boy to_hurry_up(赶快点)2Mr.Wu told us not_to_lose_heart(不要灰心)3The teacher told me to_stand_up_and_not_to_be_afraid_to_say_what_I_thought(站起来不要害怕说出我的想法)4She ordered him to_go_away(走开)5Tom advised_Alice_to_start_the_next_day(建议Alice第二天动身).单项填空1They asked _ to improve the soil.Athat it was easy Bwhether it was hardCif it is easy Dwhen was it hard答案B解析从句的引述动词是表疑问的，排除A项；从句应用陈述语序，排除D项；ask为一般过去时，从句也应用相应的过去时态。2What did the teacher say?He told me _ again.Anot to careless Bnot to be carelessCto be not careless Dnot being careless答案B解析tell sb.to do sth.“告诉某人做某事”，不定式的否定形式not应放于不定式符号to之前。3What did the officer say?He ordered us _ leave the temple.Adont Bnot Cnot to Ddidnt答案C解析含有祈使句的直接引语变成间接引语时，常采用不定式形式作宾补，其否定结构在不定式符号to前加not。4He asked me _ after school.AI usually did what Bwhat I usually doCusually I do what Dwhat I usually did答案D解析从句的引导词应置于从句之前，从句使用陈述语序，排除A、C两项；主句为过去时，从句也应用相应的过去时态。5He didnt tell me _ .Awho was the woman Bwho the woman wasCwho is the woman Dwho the woman is答案B解析疑问句变为间接引语时要用陈述语序；引述动词是过去时，变间接引语时其谓语动词也使用相应的过去时态。6The air force of that country is _ the command of the General Hall.Aat Bwith Cunder Dfor答案C解析under the command of.是固定搭配，意为“由指挥/控制”。7At the _ of the interviewers，the officer agreed to remain in his position.Asuggestion Brequest Crequirement Ddemand答案B解析at the request of sb.“应某人的请求”，是固定搭配。8“When did John leave for Beijing？”Mary asked me.Mary asked me when John _ for Beijing.Adid leave Bleave Chad left Dleft答案C解析直接引语变为间接引语时，从句时态要随之变化，直接引语为一般过去时，变为间接引语时要用过去完成时。9The teacher _ me to have another try.Awarned Bsuggested Choped Dasked答案D解析suggest 和hope后面不能跟不定式作宾补，可排除B、C 两项；根据题意，A项不合适，故选D项。10Mother asked the youngest son _ with his toy car.Awhat the matter was Bwhat was the matterCwhat the matter is Dwhat is the matter答案B解析由主句谓语动词用过去时可排除C、D两项；当“whats the matter”作宾语从句时，语序不发生变化，故正确答案为B项。.阅读理解AYou may know the English letters A，B and C，but do you know there are people called ABCs? You may like eating bananas，but do you know there is such a thing as “a banana person”？How strange! Are these people from another earth？No.They are just Chinese people like you and me.ABC means Americaborn Chinese.An ABC is a Chinese，but was born in the US. Sometimes，people call an ABC “a banana person”A banana is yellow outside and white inside.So，when a person is a banana，he or she is white insidethinking like a westerner and yellow outsidelooking like a Chinese.Do you know why？Usually，ABCs know little about China or the Chinese language.Some of them can not speak Chinese.Also，they are not interested in Chinese politics.But if ABCs cant speak Chinese，can we still call them Chinese people？Yes，of course.They are Chinese.They are overseas Chinese.These people may be citizens of another country like the US，Canada or Singapore, but they have Chinese blood.Their parents，grandparents or even greatgrandparents were from China.They all have black eyes and black hair.But they are not Chinese citizens.They are not people of the Peoples Republic of China.For example，we all know the famous scientist CN.Yang(杨振宁)He got the Nobel Prize for physics in 1957.Chinese people love him.But he is an American citizen.1“ABC” in the passage stands for _A3 English letters Ba kind of bananaCChinese born in America DAmericans born in China答案C解析从第二段第二句可知ABC指代在美国出生的中国人。2Sometimes ABCs in western countries are called “banana persons” because _.Atheir bodies are white inside but yellow outsideBthey think like westerners but look like ChineseCthey were born in China but go to study in AmericaDthey like to eat bananas答案B解析从第二段最后一句可知称ABCs为banana persons的原因。3This passage mainly talks about _.Adifferent kinds of bananas Boverseas ChineseCthe Nobel Prize Dthe life story of C. NYang答案B解析概括全文可知文章主要讲述ABCs，即在外国出生的中国人的情况，故B项概括正确。BAmerican and British people both speak English of course.But sometimes it does not seem like the same language.In fact，there are some important differences between British English and American English.First of all，they sound very different.Often，Americans dont say each word separately.They say several words together.Americans may say “I dunno” instead of “I dont know”However，the British are more careful on their speech.They usually say all the words and keep them separate.Also，some letters have different sounds.For example，the Americans say the “a” in half like the “a” in cat.But the British say the “a” in half like the “o” in soft.Sound is not the only difference between British English and American English.Words sometimes have different meanings too. Some American words are never used in England.The same thing is true of some British words in America.For example，the vocabulary for cars and driving is very different.Americans drive trucks，but in England they drive lorries.Many expressions are also different in the two countries.In England，if you are going telephone friends，you “ring them up”In America you “give them a call”There are also some differences in grammar.For example，Americans usually use the helping verb “do” when they ask a question.They say “Do you have class today？”But the British often leave out the helping verb.They say “Have you class today？”All these differences can be confusing if you are learning En