2020高中英语 短语知识点 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars学案 新人教版必修3

模块3 Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars典型句式运用1. be to do sth.1)表按计划或安排，如：The Queen is to visit Japan in a weeks time2) “命运”,将来必然要发生的事, 译作“注定”。They said goodbye, little knowing they were never to meet again.3) 表示“应该”/ “义务” ，相当于should, must, have to . 如：You are to report to the police.4)用于否定句，表示“禁止”，相当于mustnt。例如 You are not to smoke in the reading-room5 )表示“想，打算”，相当于intend, want。例如If we are to be there soon, well have to go now.6）表示可能性,相当于can, may如: Such books are to be found in the library.2the first, the second，the last 等序数词常与不定式连用He is always the first to come and the last to leave.3. as+形容词原级+名词词组+as分句Jack is as efficient a worker as Bill。Mary is as intelligent a student as Peter.重点单词1. exist vi. 存在； 生存 existing adj.目前的；现存的exist on= live on靠为生 come into existence开始存在；成立2. escape v. & n.逃跑，逃离escape+ n./doing sth.逃脱了/避免了 escape from/out of.从逃跑sth. escape sb.被某人遗忘；未被注意 a narrow escape九死一生3. mass n. (聚成一体的)团;块;大多数; 质量; 群众; 大量1）a mass of/masses of大量的(可数,不可数均可）= plenty of, , a quantity of, quantities of2）the mass media 大众传媒 3）mass production 批量生产4.break out 突发；爆发。break up 关系的破裂，打碎；解散；放假break down (机器的）故障；(精神、身体)崩溃；(谈判，计划)失败break off 停止，中断 break in 闯入；插话break into 强行进入某处；突然开始(大笑、欢呼等)break through 突破；强行穿过 break away from.脱离5. in time 及时；最终,早晚in no time 立即；马上 at no time 绝不at a time 一次；每次 at one time 曾经；一度at times 有时 ahead of time 提前for the time being 暂时 take ones time 别着急；慢慢来Its high time that sb. did/should do sth.6. 区分 now that, because, since, as, for1)Because 直接的原因，有较强的因果关系。(2)As 由于，比because 弱。(3)now that“既然；由于”that可省略 ,强度更弱(4)since 既然，表既成的事实，可与now that互换。(5) for 因为,并列连词,前面用逗号与主句隔开，补充说明原因。7. violent criminals: 使用暴力的罪犯 a violent attack: 猛烈的攻击a violent protest：强烈的抗议 a violent struggle； 激烈的斗争violent winds and storms 狂风暴雨 violent toothache: 剧烈的牙痛8. unlike 介词，不同，不像 dislike 讨厌，不喜欢9. pull: 拖，拉，牵引pull sth. down: 拆毁 pull in/into: 驶进，驶近 pull out 驶出，退出pull over: 使车闪到一边 pull up ； 使停下，10. Now (that)/ seeing (that)/considering (that) / in that鉴于某个事实，原因是，用法与since接近not thatbut that 不是因为，而是因为; on ground(s) that 理由是11. get the hang of: 熟悉，理解，掌握=have a good knowledge of =have a