高中英语 unit1 直接引语变间接引语教案 重大版必修1

直接引语变间接引语(Direct Speech and Indirect Speech )Step1. studying the ruleT: read the following sentences, pay attention to the words in blue in each pair.Direct Speech1. Shesaid.Mybrotherwantstogo shoppingwithme.”2. MrSmithsaid, “is Jackagoodboy?”3. HesaidtoKate.Howisyoursisternow?”Indirect Speech1. Shesaidherbrother wantedtogo shoppingwithher.2. MrSmithasked if/whetherJackwasagoodboy.3. HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen。Step2. Finding the rule直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。Shesaid,Ourbuswillarriveinfiveminutes.“Shesaidthattheirbuswouldarriveinfiveminutes.直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由 whether或if引导的宾语从句.Hesaid,Canyouswim,John?“HeaskedJohnifhecouldswim.Doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike?HeaskedmeifIwenttoschoolbybusorbybike.直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。Sheaskedme,Whendotheyhavetheirdinner?”Sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner.Sheaskedme,Whatwas Jack doing when I come in?”Sheaskedme what Jack was doing when she came in.直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为“Tell (ask,order,beg等)sb(not)todosth.”句型。如：1.Dontmakeanynoise,the teachersaidtothestudents.Shetold(ordered)thestudentsnottomakeanynoise.2.“Open the door,please,saidshe.Sheaskedhimtoopen the door.直接引语如果是以“Lets”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest+动句词（或从句）”如：Hesaid,Letsgotothemovies.Hesuggestedgoingtothemovies.或Hesuggestedthattheyshouldgotoseethemovies.More rules1. 时态变化：直接引语在改为间接引语时，时态需要做相应的调整。1) 一般现在时一般过去时态；She said: “ I am a student. ” She said (that) she was a student.2)一般将来时过去将来时Shesaid, Hewillgotoseehisfriend.”Shesaidhewouldgotoseehisfriend。二、如何变时态：3) 现在进行时过去进行时；She said ,“I am reading a book.”She said she was reading a book.2. 注意以下几种情况时态不变直接引语是客观真理。Theteacher said Theearthmovesaroundthesun.”Theteachersaidmetheearthmovesaroundthesunearth.Tom said, “ I am going to play basketball tomorrow.” Tom said he was going to play basketball tomorrow.直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。Jacksaid.“I was doing chores when Tom came to see me”Jacksaid he was doing chores when Tom came to see him.直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：Jacksaid.IwasbornonApril2l,1980.Jack saidhewasbornonApril21,1980.直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如：Hesaid,“Igetupatsixeverymorning。”Hesaidhegetsupatsixeverymorning.如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式不再变（例：could,should,would,might）The doctor said, “You should stay in bed for 2 days.” The doctor said I should stay in bed for 2 days.”和已经是过去时的形式时，例： oughtto，hadbetter,usedtoPetersaid.Youhadbettercomeheretoday.PetersaidIhadbettergotherethatday.3.状语变化（1）.时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”（例：now变为then,yesterday变为thedaybefore, today变为 that day）He said, ”I want to go swimming now. ” He said he wanted to go swimming then.(2). 地点状语(here 变 there)The teacher said ,“ You should come here at 7:00.”The teacher said I should go there at 7:00.(3). 指示代词由“此”改为“彼”(this改为that)例: Hesaid,Thisbooksismine.“Hesaidthatbookwashis.Step3. Applying the ruleChange the following direct speech into indirect speech1) Shesaid,Ourbuswillarriveinfiveminutes.”2) Hesaid,Canyouswim,John?”3) Sheaskedme,Whendotheyhavetheirdinner?”4) Dontmakeanynoise,the teachersaidtothestudents”5) Hesaid,Letsgotothemovies