高中英语 Unit4《Wildlife Protection》学案8 新人教版必修2

Unit 4 Wildlife protection类别课程标准要求掌握的项目重点单词wild decrease loss reserve respond distant mercycertain contain重点词汇辨析3. employ, hire 与rent 的区别2. affect，effect 与influence的区别1. contain，include的区别重点短语in danger (of) protectfrom/against sth. die out burst into laughter重点句型1. It shows the importance of wildlife protection, but Id like to help as the WWF suggests. A monkey watched them as it rubbed itself. As they landed, things began to disappear. WWF is very concerned about it as this is a very important park for endangered animals.2. They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came into being and their future seemed secure at that time. 情景交际Intentions and purposes语法The Present Progressive Passive Voice课 时 安 排课时教学内容节数作业教学日期1词汇1教材 P28 (Ex 1-3)2听力1Assignment 13整体阅读1教材 P27 ComprehendingAssignment 44-6语言点31 Assignment 22 Assignment 37语法1教材 P29 (Ex 1-3)8习题1NewspaperPart key words1 wild adj. 请判断下列句子中wild的含义： a. _ There are many wild flowers in the valley.b. _ The island is a wild and lonely place.c. _ Hearing the good news, they were all wild with joy.【例】The crowd went _ as soon as Jackson stepped onto the stage.A. wildly B. wild C. madly D. exciting2 decrease vt & vi. 减少；使变少，其反义词为increasee.g.: The population of the village has decreased._知识拓展：decrease/increase to 减少/增加到decrease/increase by减少/增加了e.g.: Compared with last year, our coal output has decreased _ 20.和去年相比我们的煤炭产量减少了20。e.g.: The population of our school has increased _ 5000.我们学校的学生人数增加到5000。【例】The time he spent on his study has decreased _ one-third since he became interested in online games. A. in B. to C. by D. with3. loss n. (lose v.)(1) 损失；丧失；遗失He suffered _. 他失明了。Did you report _ to the police?你有没有把你丢车的事情报告警方。（2）输；失利e.g.: The loss of yesterdays match made them unhappy. _.知识拓展：at a loss 不知所措；困惑e.g.: I was at a loss as to how to find the money in time. _.【例】When asked why I came here, I was _ a loss how to reply to the question.A. in B. for C. at D. with4 reserve n. (1) _ I must keep a good reserve of reserve for tomorrow.(2) _ They went to see the lions in the nature reserve last week.(3) _ a reserve of foodv. 保留；储备；预定（约）；租定（座位、房间等）reserve sth. for= keep a reserve of sth. for 保留某物以备be reserved for 留作，供之用e.g.: The front seats are reserved _ foreign guests. 前排座位是留给外宾的。Our troops reserved their strength _ the next battle.= Our troops kept a reserve _ strength _ the next battle.我军养精蓄锐以备再战。【例】These seats are _ for the elderly and the disabled.A. preserved B. shared C. protected D. reserved5 respond vi. (1) 回答；作答；答复（同reply）respond to 对答复 How should we respond _ them? 反应、回应 How do readers respond _ the book?知识拓展：response n. 应答；响应in response to 作为对 的回答make a response/no response to 对作出/没作出回答/反应e.g.: The law was passed _ public pressure. 在公众压力下该项法规获得通过。He _ my inquiry. 他对我的询问未予回答。【例】Eventually the government opened the park free of charge _ the appeal of the public.A. in response to B. in terms of C. in place of D. in honor of6. distant adj.(1) 远的；远处的；遥远的e.g.: Distant education is adopted by many countries nowadays._(2) （关系）远的；疏远的；冷淡的 a distant relative _e.g.: He took a distant attitude towards me. _知识拓展：distance n. 距离；远方；疏远 in the distance 在远方/处from/at a distance 从远处keep ones distance 保持疏远e.g.: _ the distance was an ox working in a field. 远处有一头牛正在田里耕作。 The picture looks beautiful _ a distance. 那幅画从远处看显得很美。【例】The faces of four famous American presidents on Mount Rushmore can be seen from a_ of 60 miles.A. length B. distance C. way D. space7. mercy n. 仁慈；宽恕；怜悯 have mercy on/upon 对有怜悯之心show mercy to sb. 怜悯某人beg for mercy 乞求怜悯at the mercy of 受的支配；任由摆布without mercy 毫不怜悯eg: We should have no mercy _ the criminal. 我们不应该对罪犯仁慈。No mercy was shown _ the prisoners. 对囚犯毫不宽恕。The enemy caught the wounded soldiers and killed them _.敌人抓住了那些受伤的士兵并把他们残忍的杀害了。Their ship was lost at sea, _ the winds and the waves.他们的船在海上迷路了，任凭风浪的摆布。【例】They were not _ the sea even though they did not have modern navigational aids.A. at the mercy of B. at the cost of C. in view of D. on account of8. certain adj. （常作表语）有把握的；确定的 （可以接从句、of 短语及不定式等）请根据例句小结certain常用结构:I am certain (that) he will come . _He is certain to come. _I am certain of his success. _知识拓展：（1）be certain of 与 be certain to do sth. 的区别be certain of 表示句子主语某事有把握be certain to do sth. 表示说话人对句子主语行为的一种看法。e.g.: He is certain of living to 100. 他坚信自己能活到100岁。He is certain to live to 100. 他一定能活到100岁。（2）certain 与 sure 区别 在“It is certain that” 句型中，certain 不能用sure 代替。It is certain that the temperature will rise. 答语表示 “当然”时， （英）certainly（美）sure/surely.- Could you lend me your bicycle?- Sure. certain adj.(只作定语)某个；某种，某些 相当于someA certain Mr. Jones called when you were out. _。Drinking is forbidden in certain countries. _。.【例】Wait till you are more _ . Its better to be sure than sorry.A. inspired B. satisfied C. calm D. certain9. contain vt. (1) 包含；含有；容纳e.g.: This drink doesnt contain any alcohol.(2) 容忍；控制；抑制（感情）e.g.: She could hardly contain her excitement.Part words discrimination1. contain，include的区别：contain: 可用于表示包含所含之物的全部或部分，include: 则只能用于表示所包含之物中的一部分。对比如下两个句子：e.g. The parcel included a dictionary. 那包裹里也包括了一本字典。The parcel contained a dictionary. 那包裹里装的是一本字典。include: 指在整体中能明确界定的几个部分。contain: 指一个较大事物中所容纳的分离部分，有封闭于一个整体的感觉。对比如下两个句子：e.g. The health club includes a gym, swimming pool , and locker room.健身俱乐部包括体操房，游泳池和更衣室。This bottle contains two glasses of beer. 这个瓶子装了两杯啤洒。2. affect，effect 与influence的区别（三者均可以表示“影响”）affect：vt.主要指一时的影响，着重影响的动作，可指一般意义的影响(不分好坏)，也可指不良影响。 affect =have an effect oneffect：n.(可数或不可数)可数或不可数，e.g. The news did not affect her at all.The news had no effect on her at all.【注意】：effect 有时虽用作动词(及物)，但不表示“影响”，而表示“实现”或“产生”等。e.g. He effected great changes in the company. 他使公司发生了巨大的变化。influence vt.& n.表示“影响”主要指对行为、性格、观点等产生间接的或潜移默化的影响。e.g. What you read influences your thinking. 你读的东西对你的思想有影响。Its clear that her painting has been influenced by Picasso. _ .3. employ, hire 与rent 的区别employ :指长期雇佣体力或脑力劳动者。hire ：指短期雇佣体力劳动者，也可指短期租用物品。rent：指长期租用物品，房屋等。用employ, hire 与rent的适当形式填空1.The company _ him as an adviser.2.Ten girls were _ by the shopkeeper for the Christmas rush.3.Lets _ a car for the weekend!4.Every summer I _ a room near the beach for my holiday.【例1】 Unable to afford a flat, the newly-married couple have to _ a room.A. hire B. employ C. borrow D. rentPart phrases1.in danger (of) 处于危险中，其反义词组为 out of danger 脱离危险e.g.: The patient is in danger.知识拓展：in danger 与 dangerous 的区别in danger 意为“处于危险中”，指人或物自身处于危险之中或受到外来威胁；dangerous意为“危险的，引起危险的”，指人、事物或事态可能引起危险，从而对别的人或事物构成威胁。e.g.: The dangerous snake was approaching the man and he was in great danger now._.The traffic here is very _ for children. 这里的交通对孩子们很危险。【例】Keep the kids off the dog, for it is _ .A. in danger B. out of danger C. dangerous D. endangered2. protectfrom/against sth. 保护不受某事伤害e.g.: We should protect the young plants from/against the cold.我们应该保护好这些幼苗以免受冻。知识拓展：keep sb. from doing sth.stop sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人干某事prevent sb. (from) doing sth.e.g.: We must keep them from going there.The rain prevented/stopped us (from) playing tennis. 那场雨使得我们没打成网球。The factory was kept/stopped/prevented from polluting the river.那家工厂阻止污染河流。易错点：在protectfrom结构中，from 之后只跟名词或代词，不跟doing 形式，而在prevent/stop/keepfrom 结构中，from 之后只跟doing 的形式。e.g.: 误：Try to protect your skin from being burnt by the sun.正：Try to _ your skin from being burnt by the sun. 尽量保护皮肤不受太阳晒。误：Try to prevent your skin from the sun.正：Try to _ your skin from the sun.【例】Morning exercises can _ you _ illness.A. stop; from B. prevent; from C. keep; against D. protect; against3. die out （动植物物种）灭绝；（风俗、习惯等）逐渐消失。e.g. This kind of bear has died out 100 years before. _ .Its well known that the custom has died out. _ _.【知识拓展】 由die 构成的短语小结die away（声音、光线、风等渐渐消失）die down (逐渐减弱、减低)die off (相继死亡，先后枯死)die of (因疾病、饥饿等内因而死)die from (因车祸等外因而死)be dying for sth. (渴望某物)be dying to do sth. (渴望做某事)选择适当的介词完成句子：（1）.Elephants would die _ if men were allowed to shoot as many as they wished.（2）.The leaves of this plant are dying _ because of lack of water.（3）.Nowadays every lady is dying _ a slim figure.（4）.In a severe winter, many wild animals can die _ hunger.（5）.The loud music died _ after the police came.（6）.The chickens are all dying _ from the disease.（7）.The noise of the plane died _ in the distance.4. burst into laughter 请复习unit 4 (必修1) 词汇部分Part Important sentences1. It shows the importance of wildlife protection, but Id like to help as the WWF suggests.这体现了野生动植物保护的重要性，不过，我还是想按照世界野生生物基金会（WWF）的建议来帮助你们。A monkey watched them as it rubbed itself.一只猴子一边擦着身体，一边望着他们。As they landed, things began to disappear. 当他们着地时，一切就开始消失了。WWF is very concerned about it as this is a very important park for endangered animals.世界野生生物基金会对此非常关注，因为这是一个很重要的保护濒危动物的公园。(1) 以上四个句子中的as 都用作连词，句中as 引导方式状语从句，意为“像；按照”。e.g.: When you are in Rome, do as the Romans do. 入乡随俗。句和句中as引导时间状语从句，表示主句和从句的动作同时进行或者一前一后发生，意为“一边一边；当时候”。e.g.: They sang songs as they were doing farm work. 他们一边干农活一边唱歌。As I read the play, I couldnt help thinking of Cyril.当我读这部戏剧时，我情不自禁地想起了西里尔。句中as 引导原因状语从句，表示明显的原因，说明因果关系，语气较弱。意为“由于；因为”。e.g.: As he doesnt know English, he cant understand her. 由于他不懂英语他不懂她的意思。（2）suggest vt. 建议 suggest + sth. 建议某事sth. to sb. 向某人建议某事doing sth. 建议做某事sb.s doing sth. 建议某人做某事that 从句（从句中用虚拟语气，谓语动词形式为：should +动词原形）It is suggested that (从句中用should do形式的虚拟语气) 疑问词+ do you (should) do? (疑问词充当主语)主语+(should) do?e.g.: He suggested a further discussion about the plan. 他建议深入讨论这个计划。The experts suggested to the government several possible solutions to the problem.专家们向政府提了几条可行的解决问题的办法。I suggest _ it in a different way. 我建议用另一种方式来做这件事。My sister suggested Marys _ the invitation. 我姐姐建议玛丽接受邀请。I suggested that he _ it today. 我建议他今天先不要做。It has been suggested that bright children _ their exams early.有人提议天资好的孩子提前考试。Who do you _ we spend to cover the bank robbery?你建议我们谁去采访银行抢劫案。知识拓展：(1) suggest 的名词形式是suggestion 作“建议”讲，后跟表语从句、同位语从句时谓语仍用should do形式的虚拟语气。e.g.: They made a suggestion that we _ there by train.他建议我们应该坐火车去那里。My suggestion is that he _ much meat. 我建议他不要吃太多肉。（2）suggest 还作“暗示；表明”解此时若接that 从句，从句中的谓语动词不用虚拟语气。e.g.: All the evidence suggests that he _ the money.所有证据都表明他偷了钱。Her expression suggested she _ angry. 她的表情显示出她生气了。【例】1. Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot in Canada, _ this was a memory she especially treasured.A. as B. if C. when D. where2. The parents suggested _ in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip.A. sleep B. to sleep C. sleeping D. having slept2. They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came into being and their future seemed secure at that time. 它们生存在几千万年前的地球上，那时人类还没有产生，它们的未来似乎是稳妥的。 long before 很久以前(1) long before 可以单独使用，常用于一般过去时或过去完成时的句子中作时间状语。eg: Long before there was a big museum here.(2) long before + 从句/时间点e.g.: I heard of him long before I came here. 早在我来这很久以前我就听说过他的情况。（1） It was long before +从句（用一般过去时） 过了很久才It was not long before +从句（用一般过去时） 没过多久就It will be long before +从句（用一般现在时）要过很久才It will not be long before +从句（用一般现在时）过不了多久就e.g.: It was _ she came.没多久她就来了。_before we see each other again.我们要很久以后才会再见面。知识拓展：long before 与 before long 的区别long before意为“很久以前”，可以单独使用，常与过去时或过去完成时态连用，在句子中作状语，也可以直接加从句，而 before long 相当于soon 或a little later, 意为“不久，不久以后”，常与将来时、过去时态连用，在句中作状语，不可以直接加从句。e.g.: _ he went to Canada to go on with his further education.不久以后他就去了加拿大继续深造。A bridge will be built over the river _.不久以后将在这条河上建一座桥。【例】-How long have you been studying in No. 1 Middle School?- More than two years and a half.- So it wont be long _ you graduate from this school.A. when B. after C. before D. sinceGrammar现在进行时被动语态1. 结构：am/is/are + being done (现在进行时被动语态)2. 意义：主语与谓语动词之间是被动关系，而且动作正在进行。eg: - I hear you have bought a new house.- Yes. But weve not moved in as it is being painted now.3. 现在进行时的被动语态的用法（1） 表示此刻正在进行的被动动作。eg: She is examined by a doctor.（2） 表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作，但此动作不一定在此时此刻发生。eg: A new station is being built.(3) 表示经常的被动行为，常和always, constantly等词连用。eg: He is always being praised by the teacher.(4) 与部分情态动词连用，表示对正在发生动作的推测。eg: He may be being beaten by his father at the very moment.4. 考点归纳(1) 现在进行时的被动语态可表示根据计划或安排，主语将要承受谓语动词的动作（仅限于少数及物动词。A folk song is being sung next. 下面将唱一首民歌。A party is being held tonight. 今晚将要举行一场晚会。It is said that a plane is being flown by him to America at eight next Sunday.据说下周日早上八点他将开飞机飞往美国。(2) 一些表示状态、心理活动、拥有、存在等的动词（和主动语态一样），一般不用于进行时的被动语态。常用一般现在时的被动语态表示此时此刻或目前主语正承受谓语动词的动作。王丽，过来，有你的电话。【误】Wang Li, come here. Youre being wanted on the phone.【正】Wang Li, come here. Youre wanted on the phone.（3）“介词 in, on, under 等+名词” 构成的介词短语常含有被动意义，可代替进行时的被动语态。名词前一般不用冠词。 The city is under attack (=is being attacked) at the moment.The bridge is under repair/construction (=is being repaired/constructed).The problem is under discussion (=is being discussed) at the meeting.The telephone is in use (=is being used) now.The picture is on display (=is being displayed) these days.5. 现在进行时的被动语态的易错之处因为被动语态的基本构成为be done，因此，不少学生误将现在进行时的被动语态结构“am/is/are + being + done” 写成“am/is/are + been + done”，造成被动语态结构错误。如：（1）机器运转时不要用手摸。【误】Dont touch the machine when it is been operating.【正】Dont touch the machine when it is being operated.(2) 瞧，沪杭大桥正在建设之中。【误】Look, the bridge between Shanghai and Hangzhou is been building.【正】Look, the bridge between Shanghai and Hangzhou is being built.6. 现在进行时的被动语态的句型变换现在进行时的被动语态与现在分词的被动式being done 均可表示此刻正在进行的被动的动作，因此它们之间可以进行句型转换。（1）请告诉我此刻正在举行的会议的有关情况。Please tell me something about the meeting which is being held now.= Please tell me something about the meeting being held now.( being held 作后置定语)。 注意非谓语动词的被动形式表达不同时态的被动意义：to be done 不定式的被动，表将来和被动to have been done 不定式完成式的被动，表完成和被动being done 现在分词的被动，表进行和被动having been done 现在分词完成式的被动，表完成和被动，不作定语和补足语done 过去分词，表完成和被动，作定语、状语、补足语Assignment 1一单词拼写1. Student numbers have _ （减少）by 500.2. She asked where hed been, but he didnt _ (回答)。3. The noise from the street _ (影响) our work yesterday.4. Please pay a_ to what you are writing.5. Are you c_ that youll get there in time?6. Everyone should realize the importance of w_ protection, for some are endangered.7. Fresh fruit and vegetables c_ plentiful Vitamin C.8. China is getting more and more p_ in the world.9. Im sure youll s_ if you work hard.10. I _ (欣赏) your ability to do it.二选择恰当短语填空do harm to; as a result of; in relief; die out; burst into laughter; long before; according to; so that; come into being; for sure1. Thousands of people left their homeland _ the war.2. Hearing the joke, everyone in the room couldnt help _.3. Scientists said that this rare kind of bird is _ in the world.4. _ he left the hospital when he knew the patient was past danger.5. Too much fat _ your health.6. She said she had been there _ which I doubt very much.7. New ways of thinking have _.8. I think he will be back on Monday, but I cant say _.9. _ out records, you still have six of our desks.10. I put the heating on _ the house would warm up.三用所给词的适当形式补全句子1. These seats _ _ _ (留给) the elderly and disabled.(reserve)2. The professor _ _ (回答) my suggestion with a laugh.(respond)3. David Copperfield _ _ _ (突然大笑) from time to time. (burst)Assignment 21. _ my relief, he responded _ my plan actively.A. To; for B. In; at C. To; to D. In; to2. -Is it _ that the Britain will host the 2020 Olympic games in London?- Yes, thats for _.A. sure; certain B. certain; sure C. made sure; certain D. made certain; sure3. After a heated discussion at the meeting, a new plan came _ being, which would have a great effect _ the cultural life o