高中英语Unit 2 Sporting events 2牛津版必修四

Unit 2 Sporting events (2)I 词语辨析1、pretty / beautiful / charming / handsome：漂亮、美丽pretty：adj. 只用于形容较小妩媚的青年女子和孩子，偶尔用于男子时，含有贬义，pretty还可作副词，解释为：相当、很、颇。e.g. Though she is pretty, she fell from grace at last.She is a pretty lady in her twenties.It was a pretty serious accident.beautiful：adj. 用来形容女性，也可用以修饰给人以愉快印象或美好感受的事物。e.g. Who is that beautiful young lady? She is our new English teacher.We were struck by the beautiful view of the mountain village.She has a beautiful voice and we all like listening to her songs.charming：指女子“有魅力、迷人的、可爱的”。e.g. Dont you think that young lady is pretty and charming?The boys smile is very charming.handsome：只用于修饰人，主要修饰男子，指“英俊的、仪表堂堂的”。修饰女子时，指“端庄健美的”。e.g. He was a tall, dark and handsome man.She looks very handsome tonight, doesnt she?2、game / sport / matchgame：n. 指有一定规则的，双方竞争的游戏或运动，既可以是体力运动(尤指球类活动)，也可以是脑力劳动（游戏），以输赢为主要目的。e.g. Before going to bed, they played a game of cards. / crossword puzzle.Badminton is a game for the old and young.My brother likes all kinds of ball games.sport：指户外游戏或运动，仅限于体力锻炼，包括娱乐性的及竞赛性的；不以胜负为目的。e.g. Swimming is his favorite sport.Skating is one of the winter sports.We have sports every Friday afternoon.I like outdoor sports better than indoor sports.sports和games都表示“运动会”，但sport一般指小型的运动会，如school sports（校运会），sports meet(ing)：运动会； 而game一般指大型的运动会，如：the Asian Games（亚运会），the Olympic Games（奥运会）match：比赛、竞赛，一般指户外的。e.g. a football match , a tennis match, win a match,II 重点词语和句型1、 stretch：vt. / vi.：伸展、延伸、伸出（手、脚）e.g. The boy stretched a rubber band to its full extent.The material stretches well. 这种材料伸缩性好。The boy stretched out his hands for the magazine.The woods stretched for miles to the river.stretch ones legs：散步、走几步放松筋骨e.g. Id like to stretch my legs after a days work.2、role：角色、职务a leading role：主角；play / take an important role in ：在里扮演重要角色e.g. He will play the role of the doctor in the play.China is playing a more and more important role in international affairs.What role will the actress play?3、practise：vt. / vi. 练（习）、实习、行/做业务，用 “practise (doing) sth”.句式。e.g. You have to practise the tune again and again.You must practise speaking English more.I can guess that you dont practise enough.He has practised law for years.practice：n. 练习、习惯做法（不可数）， vt. / vi. = practisee.g. Practice makes perfect.With practice you will speak English fluently.Its my practice to get up early in the morning.practical：实际的、实用的、老练的practical knowledge：实用知识for all practical purposes：实际上a practical teacher：经验丰富的教师practiced：有经验的， be practiced in：在某方面有经验、熟练4、ensure：vt. 担保（成功）、保证1) ensure sth.e.g. Registration ensures delivery of mails.Hard work usually ensures success.2) ensure sb. sth.e.g. Healthy diet and proper exercise will ensure you a good health.This letter of recommendation will ensure you a job.3) ensure that ：保证一事e.g. I cant ensure that youll have the job for long.Get on the bus and I ensure that youll have a seat.4) ensure (sb./ oneself) against ：保护某人不受e.g. We should ensure ourselves against possible risks.Proper exercise will ensure one against some diseases.5、keep under control：控制住、使处于控制之中e.g. Soon the pilot kept the plane under control.A good teacher should keep his / her class under control.control：un. 支配、控制have control of / over sth.：对的控制e.g. The teacher has no control of the class.The captain has got control over the new football team.beyond control：无法掌握、无法控制； in control of：管理、掌握in the control of：被控制、管理 lose control of：失去对的控制out of control：不受控制 take control of：控制、管理under control：受控制、在控制之中control：vt. 控制、掌握e.g. A wise man will control himself.Its difficult to control the present situation.6、make way for：给让路 / 位e.g. We made way for the line of children when they came.The car was out of control and every one on the road had to make way for it.Its polite to make way for the disabled on the road.way的短语：by the way：顺便问一下e.g. By the way, who will give us the talk?by way of：取道、途经e.g. They flew to New York by way of Tokyo.in any way：不管怎样、好歹e.g. In any way, this is a room and we can spend the night inside.in a way：在某种程度上e.g. She, in a way, is a teacher of foreign language.in no way：绝不In no way will I give in to him.in ones own way：以自己的方式He solved the problem in his own way.in the/ones way：妨碍某人；e.g. Dont stand in the / my way.lead the way：带路e.g. With a boy leading the way, we had no difficulty in finding the village.lose ones way：迷路e.g. Once in a strange place, its easy to lose your way.make ones way：前进、行走e.g. They made their way through the crowd of people.No way：别想、没门e.g. Tom, you wash the clothes this time. No way, its Kates turn.on ones way ：在途中e.g. On his way to school, he found a wallet and turned it in.7、previous：adj. (时间、顺序)前的、先的（作前置定语）on the previous day：前一天； on the previous page：在前一页a previous appointment：前约adj. 过早的、过激的e.g. Your question is rather previous. I havent prepared for it.previous to：在之前e.g. You should test an article previous to buying it.Previous to coming here, he worked in Shanghai.8、maintain：vt. 维持、保持（= keep）e.g. We will maintain our friendship for ever.Its not easy to maintain life in such hard times.Xiao Wang maintains the lead in English study.Dont maintain silent when asked.vt. 保养、维修、养活e.g. The car is well maintained.The lady had to send money home to maintain three children.We still need a large amount of money to maintain the roads.He has worked hard to maintain his family.9、distance n. 距离；间隔e.g. What distance do you have to walk to school?常用短语：in the distance在远处；e.g. I could see the bus coming in the distance.at a distance相距、相隔一段距离e.g. Seen at a distance, the picture looks more beautiful.go the distance 赛到底；keep ones distance 保持一定距离e.g. Americans like to keep a distance when speaking.from a distance：隔一段距离e.g. The explosion could be heard from a distance (of 3 kilometers).distant：遥远的、远方的10、limit:：n 限度、限制e.g. There is a limit to the amount of money I can afford.The speed limit is the fastest speed you are allowed to drive a car at.My mother limits the amount of food that I eat.set a limit to sb. / sth.：为设限e.g. We have set a limit to cars in our city.vt. 限制；限定，常用句型：limit sb. / sth. to e.g. Please limit your speech to ten minutes.Your article is limited to no more than 120 words.11、coach ：n. 四轮马车、长途旅游汽车、火车车厢；教练、私人教师e.g. The students went sightseeing in the Yellowstone Park on a coach.He traveled in the last coach of the train.Our football coach trains the team.vt. 辅导（学习）、指导（活动）e.g. He coached students how to play football in a club.She is now being coached by a famous violinist.12、bid n. 出价, 投标；招标e.g. Park wants to sell his farm, and he has already had two large bids for it.Bids for building the bridge were invited.vt. 出价、投标；（打牌时）叫牌e.g. He bid $5 for an old book.I bid 2 spades. （我叫两个黑桃。）vt. 致意（问候或道别）; 吩咐（某人做某事）e.g. The little girl bid her granny good morning as she gets up in the morning.Do as you are bidden.13、balance n. 平衡、天平；秤e.g. The child couldnt keep his balance on his new bicycle.The chemical must be weighted on the balance before the experiment.vt. ：权衡e.g. You have to balance the advantages of living downtown against the disadvantages.14、state：n. 状况、情形、状态；政府；盛礼、隆重的礼仪；州、邦in a . state / in a state of.：处于状态e.g. Everything was in a state of disorder.She is in a worried state of mind.The house was in a dirty state.In China, the railways are owned by the state.The President was received in state.The United States of America is made up of 50 states.vt. state 陈述，叙述e.g. Please state your name, age and occupation on the form.The busmen have stated that the strike will continue until general agreement is reached about pay and working conditions.15、find / think / consider / feel . it + adj./ n. + (for sb.) to do sth.e.g. We find it important for us to help each other.I think it necessary for you to go right away.She felt it her duty to repair the broken window.c.f. make it + adj. / n. + to do sth.e.g. We make it a rule to read English aloud in the morning.The heavy rain made it impossible for them to go camping.c.f. find / think / consider / feel . it + no good / no use / useless + doing sth.e.g. We all think it no good reading such books.16、come up with：想出、提出（无被动式）e.g. Who came up with such a good idea?The company came up with a solution to the problem of pollution.c.f. come up：被提出、出现e.g. Questions on pollution came up at the meeting.c.f. come up to：升到某个位置e.g. Soon water came up to our neck.17、apply to：使用、运用于，敷、贴e.g. This word can be applied to many similar cases.Wed better apply the new technology to our production.This rule cant be applied to that event.Ill apply this Chinese medicine to your wound.apply oneself to：专心于、致力于e.g. Youd better apply yourself to your study.18、Will Thursday morning do?do：在本处解释为：足够、适合、行，用于：sth. will doe.g. If you have no pen to write with, a pencil will also do.Will water do if there is no milk?Next week will also do if you are busy this week.19、enter sth into ：把纳入、编入、收入e.g. I want to enter the new comer into Class 4.Maybe we will enter Taijiquan into the Olympic Games.c.f. enter for：报名参加e.g. Will you enter for the English Speaking Contest?20、as的用法小结：a. 用于一些固定结构：the same as, such / so as ，as as / no so as e.g. I have the same idea as yours . Dont read such books as you dont understand.He is not so busy as he was three days ago.You must speak English as often as possible .b. 用于引导非限制性定语从句，可置于句首或句末e.g. As had been expected, she was late that morning.He made the same mistake again, as is often the case.c. 引导方式状语从句e.g. Do you have to feed the plants as we feed chickens ?You should do everything as your teacher tells you to .d. 引导时间状语从句，解释为：当；一边，一边e.g. As she sang , tears ran down her cheeks .As he was reading alone in the room, he heard sth. strange.e. 引导原因状语从句e.g. As he was blind, he had much difficulty in finding the door.As the teacher is busy, wed better go to her help.f. 解释“随着”，引导状语从句。e.g. As time went on, the old man became weaker and weaker.As the days went on, the weather got colder and colder.g. 解释“虽然”，引导让步状语从句。e.g. Young as she is, she knows a lot.Hard as he works, still he cant work it out.h. 作介词，解释“作为”e.g. As a student, you should learn every subject well.III巩固练习A. 情态动词专练1、I lived with my sister this summer and didnt have to pay rent. So I _ save most of my salary.A. could B. would C. was able to D. should2、 Look , Johns fallen asleep. Oh, he _ too late last night.A. might sit up B. should have sat up C. could sit up D. must have sat up3、On Sundays when I was a child , Father and I _ get up early and go fishing.A. could B. would C. might D. should4、 Many people in England love to give advice on weather reporting. Yes, but I think the weather offices computers _ be more accurate.A. can B. must C. ought to D. might5、 Are you still going to Shanghai for the Spring Festival? Yes, but I really _ because I have a lot of things to deal with.A. cant B. mustnt C. wont D. shouldnt6、 Well, I forgot to bring my dictionary here yesterday. Actually you _ it here. You were not allowed to use it.A. neednt bring B. neednt have broughtC. didnt need to bring D. dont have to bring7、 Shall I book the table for the dinner? Yes, you_. The restaurant is always full of people.A. can B. will C. must D. need8、The poor boy _ the test again; in that case, his mother will be very disappointed.A. must have failed B. might fail C. could have failed D. should fail9、 Why _ it rain now? I _ go to the concert at 7. What a pity!A. can; might not B. should; neednt C. must; cant D. need; mustnt10、 We need some fresh air, but the window open. _I help you ?A. didnt; Will B. shant; Need C. mustnt ; May D. wont; Shall11、 What do you think of your nephew? He be very naughty but at the same time you _ help liking him.A. will; will B. wont ; cant C. may; may D. can; cant12、It was not possible that she_ go down, step by step down the unexpected stairs into the dark below.A. should dare B. should dare to C. must dare D. must dare to13、 I am told that John had another car accident this morning. I believe not. He _ so careless.A. shouldnt have been B. wouldnt have beenC. couldnt have been D. mustnt have been14、 You ought to have given them some advice. _, but who cared what I said?A. So I ought B. So ought I C. So I did D. So did I15、 Write to me when you get home. _.A.I must B. I should C. I will D. I can16、Shut your mouth. Nothing _ stop me once I have made up my mind.A. will B. ought to C. shall D. must17、Keep up a good state of mind even if you _fail plenty of times.A. must B. will C. can D. should18、The policeman told the pupils. “You _ play football in the street.”A. cant B. neednt C. mustnt D. shouldnt19、If you _ wait a moment, I will go and find our manager.A. can B. should C. will D. must20、Dont believe him. His story _ be true.A. mustnt B. neednt C. shouldnt D. may notB. 要点专练21、Have a good rest, you need to _ your energy for the tennis match this afternoon.A. leaveB. saveC. holdD. get22、Her son, to whom she was _, went abroad ten years ago.A. lovedB. caredC. devotedD. affected23、Mary finally _ Bruce as her life-long companion.A. receivedB. acceptedC. madeD. honored24、 When shall we start? Lets _ it 8:30. Is that all right?A. setB. meetC. makeD. take25、Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may _ run over by a car.A. have B. getC. becomeD. turn26、Hospital staff burst into cheers after doctors completed a 20-hour operation to have _ one-year-old twins at the head.A. isolateB. separated C. divided D. removed27、After trainer was sure that the whale could look after itself, he _ it into the sea.A. transportedB. unloadedC. releasedD. handled28、The teacher wrote an example on the blackboard to _ the point.A. took upB. caught onC. carried outD. made for29、A man is being questioned in relation to the _ murder last night.A. advisedB attendedC. attemptedD. admitted30、In our childhood, we were often _ by Grandma to pa