高中英语Unit 3 Under the sea (知识探究)

Unit 3 Under the sea (知识探究)词汇学习A.重点单词1.annual观察示例adj.It was a time when the killer whales,or “killers” as they were then called,helped the whales catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.那个时期，虎鲸（当时被称为“杀手”）帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。Whats your annual salary?你的年薪是多少？n.the Football Annual for 1998 1998年足球年刊归纳拓展annual作形容词，意为“每年的，一年一次的”；副词为annually。作名词，意思是“一年生植物；年刊，年报，年鉴”。2.flee观察示例vi.And these others are stopping it fleeing out to sea.其他的阻止它逃入大海。The spectators fled in panic when the bull got loose.那只公牛挣开了束缚，吓得观众急忙四散逃走。We were forced to flee the country.我们被迫逃往国外。归纳拓展flee的过去式和过去分词皆为fled,可作不及物动词，亦可作及物动词，意为“逃走，逃掉”。3.depth观察示例n.Its body was dragged by the killers down into the depth of the sea.它的身体被捕猎者拖着进入深海。Whats the depth of this lake?这个湖有多深？They underestimated the depth of public feeling on this issue.他们低估了公众对这个问题的敏感程度。归纳拓展out of/beyond ones depth：在水深没顶的地方；超越自己的理解能力in depth 深入的，彻底的4.abandon观察示例vt.I could see he was terrified of being abandoned by us.我能够看得出他因被我们抛弃而害怕。He abandoned his wife and children.他遗弃了妻子和儿女。The bad weather forced them to abandon their search.恶劣的天气迫使他们终止了搜寻工作。归纳拓展abandon作名词，意为“尽情，任意，放纵”；abandoned是形容词，意为“无约束的，无度的；放荡的”。abandoned behaviour 恣意放荡的行为5.rent观察示例vt. &vi.Every summer I rent a room near the beach for a week.每年夏天我在海边租用一个房间过一星期。I rent a room from Mrs Jones.我向琼斯太太租了一个房间。She rents out rooms to students.她出租房子给学生住。Ill need to rent some evening trousers.我需要租用晚礼服裤。n.We pay a high rent.我们支付昂贵的租金。归纳拓展rent作名词，意为“租金”；作动词时意为“出租，租用；裂缝”；它还是动词rend的过去式和过去分词。6.reflect观察示例 vi.& vt.Im sitting in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and reflecting on the day.我手拿一杯冷饮坐在温暖的夜空，思考这一天。After reflecting for a time he decided not to go.仔细思考后，他决定不去了。The mirror reflects my face.镜子照出我的脸。The mountains were reflected in the lake.山在湖面上反映出来。归纳拓展reflect on/upon 招致；给带来影响The unemployment figures reflect badly on the governments policies.失业数字给政府的政策带来很坏的影响。7.pure观察示例 adj.I reflected on the daya day of pure magic.我思考这一天这纯粹的不可思议的一天。Is this sweater made of pure wool？这件羊毛衫是纯羊毛的吗？No,its 60% wool and 40% acrylic.不，有百分之六十是羊毛，百分之四十是丙烯酸树酯。归纳拓展pure的副词形式是purely,意思是“完全地，全然，纯粹地，仅仅”。I helped him purely and simply out of friendship.我帮他完全是出于友谊。8.vivid观察示例adj.The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colours surrounding me.我意识到的第一件事是我周围鲜艳的颜色。 Im sure that mans following us.我肯定那男子在跟踪我们。Nonsense! Youve got a vivid imagination!“瞎说！我看你的想像力太丰富了”归纳拓展vivid的副词是vividly,名词是vividness。9.poisonous观察示例adj.I especially loved the little orange and white anemonefish that hid in the poisonous tentacles of the sea anemones.我特别喜欢那种小的桔白色的躲藏在海葵有毒的触角里的海葵鱼。Some plants have poisonous berries.有一些植物的浆果有毒。This medicine is poisonous if taken in large quantities.这种药如服用过量会中毒。归纳拓展poison 作名词意为“毒药,毒物”;也可作动词 “毒杀,毒死,放毒”。10.scare观察示例vt.I told myself they werent dangerous but that didnt stop me from fleeing scared to death for a moment.我告诉自己它们不危险，但我还是被吓得半死。Dont let the noise scare you;its only the wind.别让那声音把你吓住,那不过是风罢了。n.What a scare you gave me,appearing suddenly in the dark.你突然在暗处出现,可真吓了我一跳。归纳拓展scare还可作形容词，意为“吓唬人的”。The newspapers have been printing scare stories about a possible war.报纸上一直在刊登骇人的关于可能发生战争的报道。即时练习句型转换（1）We were forced to flee the country.We were forced to _ _ _safety.答案：go abroad for（2）The error was due to carelessness pure and simple.The error was due to _ carelessness.答案：only完成句子（1）They let the house to the young man _（租金是）$ 50 a week.答案：at a rent of（2）Im _（害怕） snakes.答案：scared of（3）Im _（害怕） fly in a plane.答案：scared to（4）Ill see if I can _（拼凑成） a meal from the scraps of food in the kitchen.答案：scare up（5）Im _（超越自己的理解能力） in this argument.答案：out of my depth（6）We studied the situation_（深入地）.答案：in depth（7）If you make a noise youll _（吓跑） the animals.答案：scare away汉译英我们潜到水下三十英尺的深度。_答案：We dived to a depth of 30 feet.选择填空（1）He abandoned himself _ grief.A.atB.toC.withD.in答案：B（2）People were shouting and cheering _ gay abandon.A.atB.toC.withD.in答案：DB.重点词组1.ahead of 在前面观察示例“Come on,Clancy.To the boat,” George said as he ran ahead of me.“快点，克兰西，到船上来，”乔治一面说，一面跑到我的前面。One man went ahead of the others to see if the road was clear.一个人走在其他人的前面，看看道路是否畅通。The time in London is five hours ahead of the time in New York.伦敦的时间要比纽约时间早个小时。2.in the meantime 在此期间，与此同时加A观察示例“In the meantime,Old Tom and the others are having a good feed on its lips and tongue,” added Red,laughing.“与此同时，老汤姆和其他的虎鲸正在美美地吃东西，”瑞德边说边大笑起来。The new secretary wont come until next week;in the meantime weve arranged for a temporary one.新秘书在下周前还不会来，在此期间，我们已经安排了一位临时秘书。归纳拓展meanwhile adv.(与此)同时Theyll be here soon.Meanwhile,lets have coffee.他们很快就到这里，我们趁此喝点咖啡吧。同时Eve was cutting the grass,(and)meanwhile Adam was planting roses.夏娃在剪草，亚当在种玫瑰。3.help out 帮助（摆脱困境或危险）观察示例What evidence was there that Old Tom was helping out the whales?有什么证据表明老汤姆在帮助捕鲸者摆脱困境吗？My mother helped me out(with some money)when I lost my job.我失业时，妈妈（给了我一些钱）帮了我一把。The children help out in their fathers shop when things are busy.生意好时，孩子们在店里帮爸爸的忙。4.be/become aware of 对知道，明白；意识到观察示例The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colors surrounding me.我意识到的第一件事情就是我周围各种各样鲜艳的颜色。He said that the government was acutely aware of the problem.他说政府很清楚这个问题。归纳拓展be/become aware 后可加that 或wh从句。Im well aware that this is a risky investment.我很清楚这项投资要冒风险。 5.upside down 上下翻转过来的（地）；颠倒地（的）；乱七八糟的（地）观察示例The yellow and green parrotfish hanging upside down.黄色和绿色的鹦鹉鱼倒着挂在那儿。Youve got that picture upside down.你把那张图片给弄颠倒了。The office is being decorated so everythings upside down.办公室正在装修，因此所有的东西都乱七八糟的。归纳拓展inside out也有“倒悬”这个意思。Why? Look at Jim.His jacket is inside out.怎么了？看看吉姆，他的衣服穿反了。6.(be)scared to death 吓死了观察示例I told myself they werent dangerous but that didnt stop me from feeling scared to death for a moment.我告诉自己它们并不危险，但我一时还是被吓得半死。You scared me to death.你把我吓死了。即时练习汉译英（1）他的思想走在时代的前列。_答案：He is ahead of times in his ideas.（2）我失业时没有人帮我。_答案：Nobody helped me out when I lost my job.（3）他没有察觉到危险。_答案：He wasnt aware of the danger.（4）不要把那个盒子倒着拿。_答案：Dont hold the box upside down.完成句子He is _（比强） me in math.答案：ahead of句型转换（1）He was successful in business.He _ _ in business.答案：got ahead（2）In the accident,many people were killed,but meanwhile there were some who were unhurt.In the accident,many people were killed,but _ _ _there were some who were unhurt.答案：in the meantime单项填空（1）The conference will begin in an hour; _,lets have a rest.A.on the meantimeB.in the meantimesC.in the meantimeD.in meanwhile答案：C（2）Im _ aware that this is a risky investment.A.veryB.ratherC.fairlyD.well答案：D（3）She was scared _ on the horse.A.to rideB.ridingC.of being riddenD.rode答案：A句型积累A.习惯句式1.Even though I didnt have the right clothes on, I grabbed my boots and raced after him.尽管我没有合适的衣服，我抓起自己的衣服跟着他跑了起来。例句观察Even though it was raining, we had to go out.尽管下雨，我们还得外出。Even if we could offered it, we wouldnt go abroad for our holiday.即使我们有能力，我们也不去国外度假。Even if I have to sell my house,Ill keep my business going.即使要卖掉我的房子，我还是要继续我的事业。用法：even if 与even thougheven if的从句中，含有强烈的假定性，而even though则多以此从句之内容为前提。Even if he is poor, she loves him.=He may be poor, yet she loves him.Even though he is poor, she loves him.=He is poor, yet she loves him.2.It took over half an hour to get the boat back to James.用了半个多小时才将小船弄回到詹姆斯身旁。例句观察It took her all afternoon to finish it.她用了整个下午才完成这项工作。It takes us thirty minutes to walk from here to the station.我们从这儿步行到车站要用30分钟。It will take the students two hours to finish their homework.学生做完作业要用2个小时。用法:It takes/took/will take sb.some time to do sth.是一固定句型。也可用于It takes/took/will take sb.some money to do sth.。3.This was the call that announced there was about to be a whale hunt.这声喊叫宣布了即将有一场捕鲸大战。例句观察We were about to start,when it rained.我们正要开始，就下雨了。The sun is about to sink in the west.太阳正要西下。I was about to go to bed,when he called me up.我正要上床睡觉的时候，他打电话来了。用法：be about to do比be going to do表示更近的将来，所以tomorrow等表示将来的副词（短语）可和be going to do连用，但不能与be about to do 连用。即时练习（1）Perseverance is a kind of qualityand thats _ it takes to do anything well.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.why答案：A（2）He was about to tell me the secret _ someone patted him on the shoulder.A.asB.untilC.whileD.when答案：D（3）Roses need special care _ they can live through winter.A.becauseB.so thatC.even ifD.as答案：B（4）It takes years of _ practice to gain the skill of _ expert.A./;anB.a;theC./;/D./;a答案：A（5）I was just about _ road _ a ship came to us.A.traveling on;whileB.to travel on;whileC.traveling by;whenD.to travel by;when答案：DB.长句难句I thought,at the time,that this was just a story but then I witnessed it with my own eyes many times.那时候我认为这仅仅是一个故事，但随后我亲眼目睹了好几次。at the time“那时，那时候”，位置应在story之后，作时间状语，提前是为了强调，that this was just a story作thought的宾语从句。2.A few minutes later, there was no Tom, so George started beating the water with his oar and there was Tom, circling back to the boat, leading us to the hunt again.几分钟以后，汤姆不见了，乔治开始用浆击打水面，汤姆又出现了，围着小船转圈，又带着我们捕猎了。circling back to the boat; leading us to the hunt again是现在分词短语作状语。3.It seemed there was a surprise waiting for me every corner as I explored small caves, shelves and narrow passagesthe yellow and green parrotfish hanging upside down, gathering tiny plants off the coral with its hard bird like mouth; a yellow spotted red sea slug sliding by a blue sea star; an orange and blue striped angelfish looking strait at me; a large wise looking turtle passing so close to me that I could have touched it.当我在小石洞，岩石和窄通道之间探索时，似乎每个角落都有令我惊奇的东西等待着我黄绿相间的鹦嘴鱼倒挂着，用鸟儿一样的硬嘴去收集珊瑚上的植物；一条带着黄斑点的红色海鼻涕虫从一个蓝色的海星旁边滑落下去；一条身着菊黄色蓝条纹的鱼直盯着我；一只长相聪明的大海龟紧贴着我的身旁而过，几乎触手可及。语法专攻现在分词例句观察We ran down to the shore in time to see an enormous animal throwing itself out of the water and then crashing down again.我们及时跑到海边，看到一个巨大的动物跃出水面而后又跌入水中。I had already heard that George didnt like being kept waiting.我早已听说乔治不喜欢等待。I looked down into the water and could see Old Tom swimming by the boat,showing us the way.我向水中望去，看见老汤姆在小船边游着，给我们领路。And those others are stopping it fleeing out to sea.其他的虎鲸阻止它逃向大海。即时练习（1）He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.A.putB.to be puttingC.to putD.putting答案：D（2）Victor apologized for _ to inform me of the change in the plan.A.his being not able