高中英语Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars练习与解析2 新课标 人教版 必修3

Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars 练习与解析2.单项选择答题向导1.He speaks English well indeed,but of course not a native speaker.A.as fluent asB.more fluent thanC.so fluently asD.much fluently than答案:C 要用副词修饰动词speak，不能用形容词，这是解题关键，首先排除A和B。than 必须和比较级连用，much不是比较级，排除D。not so/as.as结构中间用形容词或副词原级;than要与比较级连用; 副词修饰动作动词。本题考查形容词和副词的比较。2. with the size of the whole earth,the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.A.CompareB.When comparingC.ComparingD.When compared答案:D when compared with.=when it is compared with.;此处可以用固定短语compared with/to作状语，表示“与比起来”，而B、C选项中的comparing与主语之间的逻辑关系不同。掌握状语从句的规律；v.-ed分词与v.-ing分词的区别。本题考查状语从句的省略。3.What surprised me was not what he said but he said it.A.the wayB.in the way thatC.in the wayD.the way which答案:A not.but.连接两个并列结构，意为“不是而是”,what he said是一个名词性从句，相当于一个名词的内容，but后也应是一个名词、名词性短语或名词性从句来与其并列。way后定语从句一般用in which来引导，可以用that代替in which,that可以省略。he said it是一个定语从句，修饰名词the way。本题考查并列结构：way后的定语从句。4. by the beauty of nature,the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm.A.AttractingB.AttractedC.To be attractedD.Having attracted答案:B the girl与attract(吸引)构成被动，故排除A、D两项；而由句中的时态可知，“被吸引”的动作已发生，故用过去分词表被动和完成。C项表示未发生的被动动作。此类题也可以这样考虑：不定式多作目的状语(尤其是在句首时)、结果状语；分词多表示时间、原因、条件、行为方式和伴随状况。本题是分词作原因状语。本题考查非谓语动词的用法。5.It is general believed that teaching is it is a science.A.an art much asB.much an art asC.as an art much asD.as much an art as答案:D 在as/so.as.结构中，第一个as/so是副词，后接形容词；第二个as是连词，后接句子。句意为“人们普遍相信，教学既是一门科学，也是一门艺术”。本题考查as.as表示同级比较的用法。6.Im glad to say that hes already finished 50% of the book in these three days.A.no less thanB.no more thanC.not more thanD.much less than答案:A no more than意为“仅仅”，not more than意为“不如，不到”，much less than意为“比少多了”，均不符合题意。考查短语辨析。7.He was only in at the time.A.his 20sB.the 20sC.his twentiesD.the twenties答案:C 表示“几十”的数字的复数与所有格代词一起来用以表示人的年龄。本句为“二十多岁”。D项表示“20年代”，填A、B两项句子意义不正确。考查表示“几十”的数字的复数。8.The computer is in bad condition I cant work with it.A.so;thatB.such;thatC.too;thatD such a;as答案:B so.that和such.that两个句型的区别为so+形(副)词组+that而such+名词词组+that。但也有例外情况，如：so good a student that.这时与such句型也容易区别，如such a good student that.注意其中冠词的位置就容易区别了。考查so.that和such.that两个句型的区别。9.He was absent for weeks,so he had a lot of homework to .A.make outB.make upC.make ofD.make over答案:B make up在此意为“弥补”。make out辨认出、理解、了解；make of由制成。考查动词短语辨析。10.The light in the office is still on.Oh,I forgot .A.turning it offB.turn it offC.to turn it offD.having turned it off答案:C A、D项表示过去已关灯，却忘了，与上文不符；B项缺少to，排除。故选C。考查固定短语搭配。11.Something must be done to prevent factories poisonous gases so as to keep the city .A.sending out;from pollutingB.send out;pollutingC.from sending out;from pollutingD.sending out;from being polluted答案:D keep/prevent/stop/hold back.from doing sth.都表示“阻止做某事”，其中只有keep.from doing sth.中的from不能省略，阻止的宾语和from后的动词是被动关系时，要用动名词的被动形式。考查动词短语辨析。12.The number of people invited fifty,but a number of them absent for different reasons.A.were;wasB.was;wasC.was;wereD.were;were答案:C the number of加复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；a number of加复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。考查主谓一致。13.The patient was warned oily food after the operation.A.to eat notB.eating notC.not to eatD.not eating答案:C warn sb.to do sth.变被动语态后应为“sb.+be warned to do sth.”，排除B、D选项；非谓语动词的否定形式都是在其前加否定词，排除A、B选项。考查warn一词的用法。14.I warned that old car.A.of not buyingB.not to buyC.against buyingD.both B and C答案:D warn sb.not to do sth.和warn sb.against doing意思相同，表示“告诫某人不要做”。考查固定短语搭配。15.The poem is hard to understand.Can you make of this poem?A.ideaB.knowledgeC.senseD.understanding答案:C make sense of sth.为固定短语。注意：sense还可以作动词，意为“意识到(某事物)；感觉到”；sense ones sorrow感到某人的忧愁；sense that she didnt like the idea意识到她不喜欢这个主意。考查固定短语搭配。.完形填空To a watching world,Mike and Mary Murray were a perfect couple.They had been high school sweethearts,And 16 to have a happy marriage.Mike had a good job,and Mary was able to 17 home with their children.They owned their home and 18 kids,two cats,and a family dog. 19 to Mike,after seven years of marriage,something was terribly wrong.The Murrays had 20 their material goals and Mike 21 ,now what?He began to look to his job for fulfilment and often worked 60 hours 22 .Mary poured herself into the children.It was so 23 for her to turn her focus from Mike to 6-month-old Eric and 2-year-old Brittany.And now the marriage seemed 24 .Their lives were traveling in two different directions.They no longer really communicated,they answered 25 questions,but they didnt talk 26 as they had in the early years of their marriage.Mike felt trapped.“I 27 had time to do things that I wanted to,” he says.Mike did not share his feelings with Mary.Instead,he followed the slippery path of many othershe became involved with(与纠缠不清) a woman at work,who was 28 her husband.It began as a simple friendship.“I was able to listen and she was able to listen,” Mike recalls.Mary 29 the battle in Mikes soul.“He wasnt home as much,and we werent talking as much,” she says.“I was wrapped up in the kids and I just couldnt imagine anything ever 30 .” The situation became worse and worse when the Murrays attended a wedding and began to argue.Mary asked Mike if he was seeing 31 and he said,“Yes.Its just an emotional(情感的) thing.” Mike can still remember the 32 of hurt and total surprise on Marys face.She was troubled,and he knew that he had turned against(背叛) his best friend 33 high school.The expression on her face jarred(刺激) him into 34 ,and he began to understand the 35 he was doing to his family.16.A.happenedB.appearedC.lookedD.had答案:B 貌似如此，其实不然。动词用法。17.A.live inB.study atC.stay atD.be out of答案:C 男主外，女主内。上下文连接。18.A.oneB.noC.threeD.two答案:D 由下文可知。上下文连接。19.A.LuckilyB.AsC.ThanksD.But答案:D 根据上下文的逻辑联系，此处是转折关系。上下文联系。20.A.arrivedB.reachedC.got toD.made答案:B 固定搭配，根据上文说明他们的物质目标已经达到。近义词辨析。21.A.surprisedB.understoodC.wonderedD.asked答案:C 由与下文的对应可知，迈克的物质生活虽然充实，但精神生活却迷茫。动词用法。22.A.a weekB.for a weekC.on a weekD.over a week答案:A 由常识可知，英美人每周工作40小时，因此他靠加班打发时间。固定用法。23.A.difficultB.comfortableC.happyD.easy答案:D 由于妻子很容易把精力从丈夫身上转移到了孩子身上。上下文连接。24.A.emptyB.separateC.full of joyD.true to life答案:A 根据第一段的叙述以及下文可知。上下文连接。25.A.simpleB.surfaceC.scientificD.social答案:B 他们平时只是问一些表面的问题。语意连接。26.A.at allB.anythingC.heart to heartD.in pain答案:C 上文中“they had been high school sweethearts”暗示，他们早期婚姻的谈话是甜蜜、心心相印的。语意连接。27.A.reallyB.likelyC.alwaysD.never答案:D 与上文“Mike wondered.felt trapped”呼应。副词用法。28.A.loved byB.separated fromC.different fromD.cared by答案:B 迈克与女同事的交往是出于同病相怜。语意连接。29.A.knewB.understoodC.admittedD.had no idea of答案:D “不知道”。动词用法。30.A.to take placeB.to happenC.happeningD.done答案:C imagine后接动词-ing形式。近义词辨析。31.A.herB.someone elseC.the matterD.anything答案:B 与上文“he became involved with a woman at work”相呼应。语意连接。 32.A.lookB.faceC.feelingD.want答案:A 与下文“expression on her face”对应。动词用法。33.A.sinceB.fromC.toD.of答案:A 与上文“high school sweethearts”对应。介词用法。34.A.factB.realityC.her lifeD.his life答案:B 由上下文可知，应是返回现实。近义词辨析。35.A.goodB.wrongC.harmD.harmful答案:C 固定词组do harm to sb./sth.。固定用法。.阅读理解AAmerican doctors say that mothers who smoke before their babies are born may slow the growth of their babies lungs.They say reduced lung growth could cause the babies to suffer breathing problems and lung disease later in life.Doctors in Boston,Massachusetts studies 1 100 children.The mothers of some children smoked;the other mothers did not.Doctors found that the lungs of the children whose mothers smoked were 8% less developed than the lungs of the children whose mothers did not smoke,and that the children whose mother developed 20% more cold and breathing diseases than other children later in life.Another recent study found that children had a greater chance of developing lung cancer if their mothers smoked.The study also showed that the danger of lung cancer increased only for sons and not for daughters,and that the fathers smoking did not affect a childs chance of developing lung cancer.36.According to the text,which of the following is true?A.The lungs of the children whose mothers smoked were eight percent less developed than those of the other children.B.Mothers who smoked did not reduce the growth of their childrens lungs.C.The children whose mothers hadnt smoked developed 20% more cold and breathing diseases than other children.D.The lungs of the children whose mothers didnt smoke were 8% less developed than others.答案:A 此题为判断是非题。信息句为：Doctors found that the lungs of the children whose mothers smoked were 8% less developed than the lungs of the children whose mothers did not smoke.此题为判断是非题。37.Suppose Johns father was a heavy smoker,so was Marys mother.According to this text, .A.John is more likely to develop lung cancerB.Mary is more likely to develop lung cancerC.John and Mary have the same chance to develop lung cancerD.neither John nor Mary has the chance to develop lung cancer答案:D 此题为细节判断题。通过文章最后一句话可知。信息句为：The study also showed that the danger of lung cancer increased only for sons and not for daughters.此题为细节判断题。通过文章最后一句话可知。38.The text is to .A.warn us of the danger of smoking before childrenB.warn us that mothers who smoke may affect their childrens healthC.warn people with breathing problems not to smokeD.warn us that fathers who smoke may affect their children as mothers答案:B 总结归纳题。通读全文，才能找到最佳答案。通过第一段美国医生的叙述以及第二段另一研究表明吸烟的孕妇对婴儿的身体健康有一定的影响。总结归纳题。通读全文，才能找到最佳答案。BWhen people discuss education,they insist that preparation is not the main purpose.They are right in theory,but in practice,we all realize how important examinations are.What do you know about the examinations taken at English secondary schools?Here are a few facts about some of them.Pupils who remain at school until they are sixteen normally take what is called the General Certificate(合格证) of Education at Ordinary Level.The examination is a subject examination.This means you can take a number of subjects.Some pupils take as many as ten.The more subjects,the better chance a pupil has of getting a job on leaving school.For short,this examination is called G.C.E.“O” Level.This certificate in five or six subjects is,if you like,the required starting point for types of work and also for may types of professional(职业的) training.Pupils who remain at school until they are eighteen or nineteen generally take the General Certificate of Education at Advanced Levelpopularly known as G.C.E.“A” Level.This examination is usually taken in two,threeor four specialized subjects.And because it is for the specialist,you have to study each subject intensively(深入仔细地).A pupil who has passed two or three “A” levels can apply for(申请) admission(准许进入) to a university.These two examinations are written ones.Many English children take one or the other or both.Not all of them pass.39.The passage tells something about .A.English teachingB.English studiesC.school life in EnglandD.school education in England答案:D 此题为概括中心大意题。信息句为：When people discuss education,they insist that preparation is not the main purpose.此题为概括中心大意题。40.Pupils in England mustnt leave school .A.until they pass G.C.E.“O” Level examsB.until they pass G.C.E.“A” Level examsC.until they are sixteenD.before they get a job答案:A 此题为细节判断题。信息句为：Pupils who remain at school until they are sixteen normally take what is called the General Certificate(合格证) of Education at Ordinary Level,The examination is a subject examination.此题为细节判断题。41.In G.C.E.“O” Level exam the pupils .A.must take ten subjectsB.must take more than ten subjectsC.must take five or six basic subjects at leastD.must take five or six basic subjects at most答案:C 此题为细节判断题。信息句为：This certificate in five or six subjects is,if you like,the required starting point for types of work and also for may types of professional(职业的) training.此题为细节判断题。42.Usually pupils take G.C.E.“O” Level exam .A.to make moneyB.to go to collegeC.when they finish middle school educationD.when they reach the age of eighteen or nineteen答案:C 通读全文，可直接在文章里面找到依据。信息句为：A pupil who has passed two or three “A” levels can apply for(申请) admission(准许进入) to a university.通读全文，可直接在文章里找到依据。CLife is difficult.It is a great truth because once we truly understand and accept it,then life is no longer difficult.Most do not fully see this truth.Instead they complain about their problems and difficulties as if life should be easy.It seems to them that their difficulties represent(代表) a special kind of suffering especially forced upon them or else upon their families,their class,or even their nation.What makes life difficult is that the process of facing and solving problems is a painful one.Problems,depending on their nature,cause in us sadness or loneliness or regret or anger or fear.These are uncomfortable feelings,often as painful as any kind of physical pain.And since life causes an endless series of problems,life is always difficult and is full of pain as well as joy.Yet,it is in this whole process of solving problems that life has its meaning.Problems are the serious test that tells success from failure.When we desire to encourage the growth of the human spirit,we encourage the human ability(能力) to solve problems,just as in school we set problems for our children to solve.It is through the pain of meeting and working out problems that we learn.As Benjamin Franklin said,“Those things that hurt,instruct.” It is for this reason that wise people learn not to fear but to welcome the pain of problems.43.From the passage,it can be inferred that .A.everybody has problemsB.we become stronger by facing and solving the problems of lifeC.life is difficult because our problems bring us painD.people like to complain about their problems答案:B 此题为推理判断题。信息句为：It is a great truth because once we truly understand and accept it,then life is no longer difficult.此题为推理判断题。44.The writer probably used just one short sentence in the first paragraph to .A.save spaceB.persuade readersC.make readers laughD.get readers attention答案:D 揣摩作者写作意图及文章结构安排。作者这样写的目的就是为了引起读者的注意，急于想读下文，要找到生活为什么是艰难的答案。揣摩作者的写作意图及文章的结构安排。45.The main idea of paragraph 3 is .A.most people feel life is easyB.the writer feels life is easyC.the writer likes to complain about his problemsD.most people complain about how hard their lives are答案:D 此题为概括段落大意题。信息句为：Most do not fully see this truth.Instead they complain about their problems and difficulties as if life should be easy.此题为概括段落大意题。46.According to the passage,we give school children difficult problems to solve in order to .A.encourage them to learnB.teach them to fear the pain of solving problemsC.help them learn to deal with painD.teach them how to respect for problems答案:A 此题为推理判断题。信息句为：When we desire to encourage the growth of the human spirit,we encourage the human ability(能力) to solve problems,just as in school we set problems for our children to solve.此题为推理判断题。47.The saying from Benjamin Franklin “Those things that hurt,instruct.” suggests that .A.we do not learn from experienceB.we do not learn when we are in painC.pain teaches us important lessonsD.pain cannot be avoided答案:C 此题为根据语言环境理解句意题。信息句为：It is through the pain of meeting and working out problems that we learn.As Benjamin Franklin said,“Those things that hurt,instruct.” It is for this reason that wise people learn not to fear but to welcome the pain of problems.此题为根据语言环境理解句意题。DChina Folk Culture Villages,lying by the Shenzhen Bay and next door to Splendid China,is a showcase of art,custom and architectural(建筑) styles of the different ethnic(种族的) groups in China.It covers an area of 200 000 square meters.Its built by China Travel Service (Hong Kong) and Shenzhen Overseas Chinese Town Economic Development Corporation.Twenty-one of Chinas fifty-six ethnic groups have their village models here.Totally,there are 24 village models.All of them are life sized.Within the park,you can appreciate the ethnic buildings thoroughly,watch and be part of village shows and taste different food of different races.In addition,different ethnic festivals(节日) are also held in the park.In the park you can see the Stone Forest in Yunnan,the Hainan Coconut Tree Forest and the Memorial Stone Archways in Huizhou.You can also see some famous lakes,rivers and waterfalls.But they are all reproduced in reduced size.You can walk,or use a cart or a boat to go from village to village.Its an experience you can never gain except at China Folk Culture Villages.48.China Folk culture Villages .A.is a parkB.is a villageC.is a village for people in Shenzhen to live inD.is a different kind of buildings in Shenzzhen答案:A 此题为细节判断题。第二、三段多次提到park一词。信息句为：Within the park,you can appreciate the ethnic buildings thoroughly.此题为细节判断题。第一段最后几行多次提到park一词。49.The buildings at China Folk Culture Villages are .A.all exactly the sameB.different from the real onesC.the same size as those in the ethnic areasD.not suitable for people to live in答案:C 此题为细节判断题。从原文中第二段可知道答案。信息句为：Totally,there are 24 village models.All of them are life sized.此题为细节判断题。从原文第一段可知道答案。50.A vi