高考英语名词和冠词运用试题汇集 人教必修版

名词与冠词运用1. (全国卷130)-Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith?-Sorry, wrong number. There isnt _Mr. Smith here.A. 不填 B. a C. the D. one2. (全国卷211) It is no _arguing with Bill because he will never change his mind.A. use B. help C. time D. way3. (全国卷219) I know you dont like _music very much. But what do you think of_ music in the film we saw yesterday?A. 不填；不填 B. the; the C. the; 不填 D.不填；the4. (北京卷26)-I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over_ keyboard.-You shouldnt put drinks near_ computer.A. the; 不填 B. the; a C. a; 不填 D. a; a5. (天津卷15) Finding information in todays world is easy. The _ is how you can tell if the information you get is useful or not.A. ability B. competition C. challenge D. knowledge6. (重庆卷25) Everywhere man has cut down_ forests in order to grow crops, or to use_ wood as fuel or as building material.A. the; the B. the; / C. /; the D. /; /7. (广东卷34) You have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out of_.A. shape B. date C. order D. balance8. (上海卷42) When Jane began to take swimming lessons, her main _ was the fear of water.A. evidence B. crisis C. obstacle D. danger9. (福建卷35) Always read the_ on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.A. explanations B. instructions C. descriptions D. introductions10. (湖北卷21) To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their_ and weaknesses.A. strengths B. benefits C. techniques D. values11. (湖北卷23) The _ on his face told me that he was angry.A. impression B. sight C. appearance D. expression12. (湖南卷22) In _ review of 44 studies, American researchers found that men and women who ate six key foods daily cut the risk of _ heart disease by 76%.A. a; the B. the; a C. a; 不填 D. 不填；a13. (江西卷28) It is said that dogs will keep you _ for as long as you want when you are feeling lonely.A. safety B. company C. house D. friend14. (辽宁卷21) Of all _ reasons for my decision to become a university professor, my fathers advice was _ most important one.A. the; a B. 不填；a C. 不填；the D. the; the15. (辽宁卷32) School children must be taught how to deal with dangerous _.A. states B. conditions C. situations D. positions16. (山东卷21) For him _ stage is just _ means of making a living.A. a; a B. the; a C. the; the D. a; the17. (陕西卷15) According to _ World Health Organization, health care plans are needed in all big cities to prevent _ spread of AIDS.A. the; 不填 B. the; the C. a; a D. 不填；the18. (浙江卷3) Dont worry if you cant come to _ party-Ill save _cake for you.A. the; some B. a; much C. the; any D. a; little19. (浙江卷17) -If you like I can do some shopping for you .-Thats a very kind _.A. offer B. service C. point D. suggestion答案及简析:1. B. 姓氏名词前加不定冠词表示泛指，意为“一个姓的人”2. A. 从结构上讲B,C项不正确，应排除。Its no way意为“没门”，其后跟不定式或of doing sth , 也不合题意。Its no use doing sth. 为固定句式，意思是“是没有用的”，结构和语义均合语境，故选A项。3. D. music 本身为抽象名词，故第一空不填任何冠词；第二空则用定冠词，表示特指电影中的音乐。4. B. “键盘”是特指，故其前加the；“你不应把饮料放在电脑附近”，“电脑”是泛指，且是可数名词，故其前加a。5. C. 此题为词意辨析题。ability“能力”，competition “竞争”，challenge“挑战”, knowledge “知识”, 句意：你如何才能断定你收集的信息有用还是无用是一大挑战。故C项正确。6. C. forests 此处表示泛指，所以其前不用冠词；wood 则指砍掉的这部分树木，为特指。7. A. 四个选项都可以和out of 构成固定搭配，但语义不同。Out of date “过时”, out of shape “变形”, out of order “混乱”, out of balance “失去平衡”。根据上文暗示，A项符合题意。8. C. 此题考查名词的词义辨析。evidence “证据”, crisis “危机”, obstacle “障碍”, danger “危险”. 对水的恐惧应该是学习游泳的一个障碍。故C项正确。9. B. 词义辨析题。A为“解释”, B为“指示，说明”，C为“描述”，D为“介绍”。此处应指“瓶子上的说明”。10. A. 从句意和最后一个单词weaknesses (缺点，弱项)可以看出，需选择一个意思与weaknesses 相对的单词，分析四个选项，只有A项符合题意。11. D. 词意辨析题。D项意为“表情”, 其它选项分别意为 “印象”, “视觉，景象”, “外表，外貌”。12. C. 第一空用不定冠词泛指“一次回顾”；heart disease 是一种疾病的名称，为专业名词，前面勿需任何冠词。13. B. company “同伴，伙伴”, keep sb. Company 或keep company with sb. 意为 “与某人作伴或陪伴某人”, 符合题意。14. D. reasons 为特指，特指做大学教授这一决定的原因，所以第一空应选定冠词，第二空在形容词最高级前也应用定冠词the 。15. C. 词意辨析题。state “ 状态，状况”, condition “ 环境，情况，形势”, situation “处境，境遇”, position “位置，场所”。根据句意应选C, dangerous situations 意为“危险的处境”。16. B. 第一空the stage 指演员的职业，戏剧表演，舞台生涯，是专门的文学术语；第二空由系动词is 个知后文means 用作单数，表示“一种方式”。17. B. World Health Organization 为普通名词构成的专有名词，其前应加定冠词the, spread of AIDS前也应加the