名词性从句教案

名词性从句,NounClauses,句子成分：组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。,句子成分主要有主语，谓语，宾语，表语，同位语，定语，状语和补足语。,主语说明谓语所表示的动作或状态的执行者。名词，代词，数词，不定式，动名词和从句都可以作主语。,谓语用来描绘主语的行为动作或所处的状态。,表语与前面的系动词一起构成复合谓语，用来说明主语的特征，状态，身份等。,宾语表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。,同位语对句子中某一成分做进一步的解释，说明。与前面名词在语法上处于同等地位的句子成分叫同位语。同位语常常置于被说明的词之后。,Revision,Whatarethefunctionsofnounsinsentences?,Lifemeansstruggle.,主语,Readingmakesafullman.,宾语,Everyoneyoumeetisyourmirror.,表语,Dontgiveuplife,thesourceofhope.,同位语,Whatarenounclauses?,Anounclausejustlikesanoun,itcanbeusedassubject、object、predicativeandappositive.,名词性从句,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,Whoeverlovesmoneyneverhasmoneyenough.,主语从句,Attitudedetermineswhetherpeoplearesuccessfulornot.,宾语从句,Themiracleisthatthemoreweshare,themorewehave.,表语从句,Failureisasignthatyoushouldexploreotheropportunity.,同位语从句,Learning,Tellthefunctionsofthefollowingnounclauses.A.subjectB.objectC.predicativeD.appositive,Practice,Whichwayyouturnisuptoyou.Thetimetorepairtheroofiswhenthesunisshining.MypastexperiencebroughtmetowhereIamtoday.Mysuccessliesinmybeliefthatnopains,nogains.Idontfearwhatisahead.Whereweloveishome.Oneofthegreatestproblemsofourtimeisthatmanyareschooledbutfewareeducated.Nobodycananswerthequestionwhatwillhappentomorrow.,A,C,B,D,B,A,C,D,Learning,名词性从句重点讨论,一.语序问题,Howapersonmastershisfateismoreimportantthanwhathisfateis.2.Ourlivesteachuswhoweare.3.Thefutureisntwhatitusedtobe.4.Ihaveadreamthathumanbeingscanliveinharmonywithnatureoneday.,规律一：名词性从句要用陈述语序.,Practice,Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_.(NMET2000)A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis,2.Canyoumakesure_thegoldring?(NMET1990)A.whereAlicehadputB.wheredidAliceputC.whereAlicehasputD.wherehasAliceput,Learning,名词性从句重点讨论,二.引导词的选择,IgetthefeelingthatwhatIhavelearnedsofarisjustthetipoftheiceberg.2.Itdependsonhardworkmorethanluckwhetheryoucansucceedinmakingyourdreamcometrue.3.Heroesmakeustoexaminehowwearebehavinginourownlives.4.Youbigopportunitymayberightwhereyouarenow.,规律二：1.从句是陈述句且不含有疑问意义，由that引导。,2.从句由一般疑问句转化而来，含有疑问意义，由whether，if引导。,3.从句由特殊疑问句转化而来，含有疑问意义的。由wh-连词引导,Practice,1.Elephantshavetheirownwaytotelltheshapeofanobjectand_itisroughorsmooth.（2005年天津高考题）A./B.whetherC.howD.what2.Dorissuccessliesinthefact_sheisco-operativeandeagertolearnfromothers.（2006年上海春季高考题）A.whichB.thatC.whenD.why,Learning,名词性从句重点讨论,三.that和what的选用,Whathesaidwastrue.Allthathesaidwastrue.ThatEdisoninventedthebulbisofgreatvaluetousall.WhatEdisoninventedledustobrightness.,规律三：what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。,Practice,2._wecantgetseemsbetterthan_wehave.(NMET1996)What;whatB.What;thatC.That;thatD.That;what,_youdontlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.(上海1992)A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether,Learning,名词性从句重点讨论,四.Whether和if的选用,1.Whetheritistrueremainsaproblem.2.Thequestioniswhetheryoushouldacceptit.3.Thequestionwhetherhellattendthemeetingisimportant.4.Itdependsonwhetherwehavegotenoughmoney.5.Shehasntdecidedwhethertogoornot.6.Idontknowwhetheritisrightornot.,规律四：在下列情况下，whether不能被if代替：引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，做介词的宾语，跟动词不定式连用，与ornot连在一起引导宾语从句等，只用whether。,Practice,2._wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.(NMET1996)IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where,1.Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis_mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.(上海2001)whenB.howC.whetherD.if,名词性从句重点讨论,Learning,五.宾语从句的时态呼应,他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的.Hebelieveshisdreamwillcometruesomeday.2.他告诉我他正在为考试做准备。Hetoldmehewaspreparingfortheexamination.3.老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的。Theteachertolduslighttravelsinastraightline.,规律五：1.当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句谓语动词可以用所需要的任何一种时态。,2.当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词要相应的过去时态。,3.当宾语从句叙述的内容为客观真理时，仍用一般现在时。,Practice,1.Theradiosaysit_cloudytomorrow.(be)2.Theheadmasterhopeseverything_well.(go)3.Tomsaysthatthey_(play)basketballatsixoclockyesterdayevening.4.Ihearthey_(return)italready.5.Hesaidthatthey_membersofthePartysince1948.(be),willbe,goes,wereplaying,havereturned,hadbeen,Learning,名词性从句重点讨论,六.it做形式主语和形式宾语,Doesitmatterifhecantfinishthejobontime?2.Ihateitwhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.3.Itworriedherabitthatherhairwasturninggray.,规律六：为了使句子保持平衡，常用先行词it来代替主语从句或宾语从句，把主语从句或宾语从句放到后面.,Practice,_isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.(NMET1995)ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It2._isourbeliefthatimprovementsinhealthcarewillleadtoastronger,moreprosperouseconomy.（2006年浙江省高考题）A.AsB.ThatC.ThisD.It,Learning,名词性从句重点讨论,七.疑问词+ever和nomatter+疑问词的区别,1.Whoeverbreakstherulemustbepunished.2.Youcanchoosewhateveryoulikeintheshop.3.Nomatterwhatyoudo,youmustdoitwell.=Whateveryoudo,youmustdoitwell.4.Nomatterwhobreakstherule,hemustbepunished.=Whoeverbreakstherule,hemustbepunished.,规律七：1.疑问词+ever既可以引导名词性从句，又可以引导让步状语从句。2.nomatter+疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。,Practice,1.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants.(NMET1997)A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever2.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof_sharesherinterests.(上海1995)A.anyoneB.whomeverC.whoeverD.nomatterwho,Learning,名词性从句重点讨论,八.虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用,1.Iwishitwerespringalltheyearround.IwishIhadknowntheanswer.2.Shegaveusasuggestionthatwe(should)leavehereatonce.Thedoctororderedshe(should)beoperatedon.3.Itisnecessarythatweshouldcleantheroomeveryday.,规律八：1.“wish+宾语从句”,表示不能实现的愿望,需要用虚拟语气。,2.在表示“建议、要求、命令”等词所接的从句中，从句谓语动词用(should)+动词原形。,3.Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)that句型中，从句谓语动词用should+动词原形。,Practice,1.Itisnecessarythatacollegestudent_atleastaforeignlanguage.(上海1993)A.mastersB.shouldmasterC.masteredD.willmaster2.HowIwisheveryfamily_alargehousewithabeautifulgarden!(上海2002)A.hasB.hadC.willhaveD.hadhad,Learning,名词性从句重点讨论,九.同位语从句和定语从句的区别,试比较下面两组例句:1.Thesuggestion(that)heraisedatthemeetingisverygood.Thesuggestionthatthestudents(should)haveplentyofexerciseisverygood.2.Ihadnoideathatyouwerehere.Haveyougottheidea(that)thisbookgivesyouoflifeinancientGreece?,规律九：1.定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句中that不但起连接用，而且在定语从句中充当句子成分。充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。,2.同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的that在从句中不做任何成分,只起连接作用,无具体含义,且不可省略。,Practice,Tellthefunctionoftheclausesinthefollowingsentences.A:Appositive（同位语）B:Attributive（定语）,Hisproposalthatwegothereonfootisacceptable.Manyteachersholdtheviewthatteenagersshouldnotspendtoomuchtimeonline.3.Isthisthecompanywhereyourfatherworks?4.Thisisthereasonthathegaveforhisabsence.,1._(任何计划了的事)issuretochangeasoneputsitintopractice.(whatever)(2009,77)2.Aftercirclingaroundtheearthforthreedays,ShenzhouSpaceshipreceivedthecommandfromthegroundthat_(它着陆)asscheduledthenextday.(land)(2009,79)3.Ifeelsosick.IwishMum_(没有逼我)toeatsomuch.(force)(2008,35)4.Withtherapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,Icantimagine_(我的家乡会是么样子)intenyeas.(what)(2008,37)5.Ihaventtheslightestidea_(他正在说什么).(talk)(2007,32),Practice,.Completethesesentences.,6.Hebelievesthatchildren_(应允许学习)attheirownpace.(allow)(2007,35)7._(他是否出过国）doesntmakemuchdifference.(abroad)(2007,37)8.TheadvantageofreadingEnglishpoetryinChinesetranslationis_(你可以更好地理解它).(understand)9.Heoftenaskedmethequestion_(这份工作是否值得去做).(worth)10.Theexperturgedthatwe_(避开拥挤的地方）tocutdownthechanceofbeingaffectedwithH1N1.(avoid),Practice,.Completethesesentences.,1._(任何计划了的事)issuretochangeasoneputsitintopractice.(whatever)(2009,77)2.Aftercirclingaroundtheearthforthreedays,ShenzhouSpaceshipreceivedthecommandfromthegroundthat_(它着陆)asscheduledthenextday.(land)(2009,79)3.Ifeelsosick.IwishMum_(没有逼我)toeatsomuch.(force)(2008,35)4.Withtherapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,Icantimagine_(我的家乡会是么样子)intenyeas.(what)(2008,37)5.Ihaventtheslightestidea_(他正在说什么).(talk)(2007,32),Practice,Whateverhasbeenplanned,it(should)land,hadntforcedme,wha