Lesson4Understanding.ppt

SectionLesson4Understanding,一,二,三,一、词义匹配AB1.acquirea.theposition,especiallyahighposition2.rankb.acountryruledbyakingorqueen3.urgec.togainsth.byyourownefforts4.shadowd.thedarkshapethatsb./sth.makesonasurface5.vitale.toadviseortryhardtopersuadesb.todosth.6.kindomf.veryimportant答案:1.c2.a3.e4.d5.f6.b,一,二,三,二、猜词拼写1.thebeliefintheexistenceofagodorgods2.topaynoattentiontosth.3.tothinkthatsb./sth.isgood,acceptableorsuitable4.togivesb.thedesire,confidenceorenthusiasmtodosth.well5.astateofhumansocietythatisverydevelopedandorganized,religion,ignore,approve,inspire,civilization,一,二,三,三、词汇拓展1.defence的动词vt.保卫;保护2.assume的名词n.假定;假设3.conventional的名词n.传统;惯例4.beneficial的名词n.好处;益处5.thinking的动词v.想;认为6.religion的形容词adj.宗教的,defend,assumption,convention,benefit,think,religious,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,随堂练习,1.Itseemsobviousnowhowweacquireknowledgeandunderstanding.(P42)我们如何获取知识和理解知识现在似乎显而易见。考点acquirevt.获得Thecompanyhasjustacquirednewequipment.那家公司刚刚购得新的设备。Weshouldtrytoacquiregoodhabits.我们应该努力养成良好的习惯。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,随堂练习,考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词的词性/词组和意义WemustworkhardtoacquireaknowledgeofEnglish.词组acquireaknowledgeof意义学会Ihaverecentlyacquiredatasteforbananas.词组acquireatastefor意义开始喜欢Hislatestacquisitionisaracehorse.词性名词意义获得;得到,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,随堂练习,易混辨析acquire/win/get/earn/gainacquire意为“获得,取得”,一般指经过漫长的过程而逐渐获得;win含有取胜的一方具有优越的特性或条件而能克服各种障碍的意思,意为“赢得”;get为普通用词,有时指不一定需要努力就能得到的意思;earn意为“赚得”,表示要经过艰苦努力所得到的报酬;gain则指在斗争、竞争中作出很大的努力而“获得”,所得的东西常具有一定的价值。ShehasacquiredagoodknowledgeofEnglish.她的英语已经学得很好了。HewantstowinatriptoEurope,buthewillbeveryhappyifhewinsanewbicycle.他想得到一个去欧洲的旅游奖,但如果他能得到一辆新自行车他会非常高兴。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,随堂练习,Shegotashockwhenshesawthetelephonebill.她看到电话账单时大吃一惊。Theyoungplayerearnedhisplaceintheteambytraininghard.这位年轻选手凭借刻苦训练而在队里取得了地位。Onlyaftertenyearsinthecountrydidshegainhercitizenship.她在这个国家住了十年后才取得公民身份。acquireaknowledgeof学会acquireatastefor开始喜欢acquisitionn.获得;得到,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,随堂练习,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,随堂练习,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,随堂练习,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,随堂练习,2.AlthoughtodaywearemoreaccustomedtotypingafewkeywordsintoasearchengineandwaitingfortheInternettospittheansweroutforus.(P42)虽然我们现在更习惯于在一个搜索引擎里打出几个关键词,然后等待互联网给我们答案:考点beaccustomedto.习惯于Youwillsoongetaccustomedtotheclimatehere.你会很快习惯这里的气候的。“Wereaccustomedtohavingonethinginourpockettodoallthesethings.”headded.“我们习惯于打包做所有的事情。”他补充说。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,随堂练习,考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词的词性/词组和意义Hehadtoaccustomhimselftothecoldweather.词性动词意义使习惯于词组accustomoneselfto.意义使自己习惯于Theoldmanwassittinginhisaccustomedchairtheotherday.词性形容词意义惯常的accustomedadj.通常的;习惯的be/getaccustomedto.习惯于accustomvt.使习惯accustomsb./oneselfto.使某人/自己习惯于,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,随堂练习,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,随堂练习,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,随堂练习,3.wereoftenpunishedbythechurchwithnoonecomingtotheirdefence.(P42)常常被教会惩罚,没人为他们辩护。考点一withnoonecomingtotheirdefence是with复合结构,其构成是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”,可位于句首或句尾,常作时间、原因、方式、伴随状语,宾语补足语可以是现在分词、过去分词、形容词/副词、介词短语和不定式等。Withtheboyleadingtheway,wefoundtheoldmanshouseeasily.由这个男孩带路,我们很容易找到了老人的家。Withalltheworkfinished,theyoungmandecidedtogoonatrip.做完了所有工作,这个年轻人决定去度假了。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,随堂练习,Theboylikesfallingasleepwiththewindowsopen.这个男孩喜欢开着窗户睡觉。Theteachercameinwithsomebooksinherhands.手里拿着些书,老师进来了。Withsomanye-mailstoanswer,thegirlfeelsupset.有那么多邮件要回复,这个女孩感到很烦躁。考点二defencen.保卫;防御Theimmunesystemisourmaindefenceagainstdisease.人体的免疫系统是抵御疾病的主要屏障。Herealizedthatnoneofhisclassmateswouldcometohisdefence.他意识到没有一个同学会挺身为他辩护。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,随堂练习,考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词的词性/词组和意义【高考典句】(2016四川高考)Theyhelpthebodydefenditselfagainstsomekindsofinfections.词性动词意义保卫;保护词组defend.against.意义保护免受的侵害Themanhasbeenfierceindefenceofthepresentsystem.词组indefenceof意义保卫;为辩护Youhavearighttodefendyourselfifyouarebeingattacked.词组defendoneself意义自卫,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,随堂练习,defendv.保卫;保护defend.against.保护免受的侵害indefenceof保卫;为辩护cometoonesdefence为某人辩护defendoneself自卫,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,随堂练习,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,随堂练习,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,随堂练习,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,随堂练习,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,随堂练习,4.Thechurchandmanypeopletendedtoignorethefactsandwereunwillingtochallengewhattheyhadalwayscomfortablybelieved.(P42)教会和很多人往往会忽视事实,他们不愿向自己一直相信的事实发出挑战。考点一tendto往往会,倾向于;照顾【高考典句】(2016全国丙高考)Readersalsotendedtosharearticlesthatwereexcitingorfunny,orthatinspirednegativefeelingslikeangeroranxiety,butnotarticlesthatleftthemmerelysad.读者也倾向于分享令人兴奋的或者好笑的文章,或者鼓舞像是生气或者紧张的消极文章,而不是仅仅使他们难过的文章。Doctorsandnursesweretendingtotheinjuredcarefully.医生和护士正在细心照顾伤员。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,随堂练习,考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词的词性/词组和意义【高考典句】(2016四川高考)Somethinkthatawomansbodycellshaveatendencytoagemoreslowlythanamans.词性名词意义倾向性词组haveatendencytodosth.意义有做某事的倾向,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,随堂练习,tendvt.照管;护理(=takecareof/lookafter)tendtodosth.有做某事的倾向;有做某事的趋势tendto/towards趋向;走向;趋于tendencyn.趋势;倾向haveatendencytodosth.有做某事的倾向,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,随堂练习,考点二ignorevt.忽视;不理睬Heignoredallthe“NoSmoking”signsandlitupacigarette.他无视所有的“禁止吸烟”的警示,点了一支烟。Isaidhellotoher,butsheignoredmecompletely.我和她打招呼,但是她根本不理睬我。考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词的词性/词组和意义HisplansarewhatIamquiteignorantof.词性形容词意义不了解的;无知的词组beignorantof意义不了解Weareincompleteignoranceofhisplans.词性名词意义无知,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,随堂练习,ignorantadj.不了解的;无知的beignorantof不了解ignorancen.无知,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,随堂练习,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,随堂练习,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,随堂练习,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,随堂练习,5.Theypreferredtomakeassumptionsabouttheworldbasedontheexperienceofothers.(P42)他们宁愿以前人的经验为依据对世界作出假设。考点assumptionn.假定;假想Thethirdassumptionmentionedaboveisveryreasonable.上述第三个假设是非常合理的。ThemanmakestheassumptionthatpovertyonlyexistsintheThirdWorld.这个人认为贫困仅仅存在于第三世界。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,随堂练习,考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词的词性/词组和意义【高考典句】(2016江苏高考)Inartcriticism,youmustassumetheartisthasasecretmessagehiddenwithinthework.词性动词意义假设IhavealwaysassumedthegirltobeanAmerican.词组assumesb.tobe.意义假设某人是Assumingthatitistrue,whatshouldwedonow?词组assumingthat.意义假设,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,随堂练习,makeanassumptionthat.对作出假设assumevt.假设;假定assumesb./sth.tobe.假定某人/某物是Assuming/Supposing/Providedthat.假定/假如,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,随堂练习,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,随堂练习,5,6,1,2,3,4,7,8,随堂练习,6.Atfirst,peopleapprovedofhisstudiesandurgedhimtocontinue.(P42)起初,人们赞同他的研究并鼓励他继续进行考点一approvevt.赞成;认可;满意Lastofall,thechiefeditorreaditandapprovedit.最后,主编看了这篇稿子,同意批准发表。Thefirmsdirectorsquicklyapprovedtheproposal.公司的董事们很快通过了这个提议。,5,6,1,2,3,4,7,8,随堂练习,考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词的词性/词组和意义Iapproveofwhathesaidandwhathedid.词组approveofsth.意义赞成某事Heshowedhisapprovalbysmiling.词性名词意义赞成Ihopemynewplanwillmeetwiththemanagersapproval.词组meetwithonesapproval意义得到某人的同意,5,6,1,2,3,4,7,8,随堂练习,approveofsb./sth.赞成;同意某人/某事approvesth.批准;通过某事approvaln.赞成;同意;批准;许可meetwithonesapproval得到某人的批准,5,6,1,2,3,4,7,8,随堂练习,考点二urgevt.力劝;强烈要求【高考典句】(2016江苏高考)Parentsshouldactivelyurgetheirchildrentotakeadvantageoftheopportunitytojoinsportsteams.父母亲应该积极鼓励孩子抓住机会加入体育小组。【高考典句】(2016江苏高考)Thereareseveralreasonstobelievethattheurgestohelp,informandsharearenottaught,butnaturallypossessedinyoungchildren.有几个理由相信,渴望帮助、告知和分享不是被教会的,而是小孩天生拥有的。,5,6,1,2,3,4,7,8,随堂练习,考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词的词性/词组和意义Myfatherurgedmybrothertogiveupsmoking.词组urgesb.todosth.意义敦促某人做某事Theteacherurgedonhispupilstheimportanceofhardwork.词组urgeonsb.sth.意义极力向某人主张某事Peoplethereareinurgentneedoffoodandwater.词性形容词意义迫切的Thedoctorurgedthatweshouldsenttheinjuredtoabighospital.词组urgethat.意义敦促,5,6,1,2,3,4,7,8,随堂练习,温馨提示urge后跟that从句时,从句中使用虚拟语气,谓语动词为should+动词原形,should可省略。Iurgedthatweshouldtakeactiontopreventsuchthinghappeningagain.()Iurgedthatwewouldtakeactiontopreventsuchthinghappeningagain.(),5,6,1,2,3,4,7,8,随堂练习,urgesb.todosth.催促某人做某事urgeon/uponsb.sth.向某人极力陈述某事urgethat.主张;力劝(从句中的谓语用should+动词原形,should可省略)haveanurgetodosth.渴望做某事urgentadj.紧急的,5,6,1,2,3,4,7,8,随堂练习,5,6,1,2,3,4,7,8,随堂练习,5,6,1,2,3,4,7,8,随堂练习,6,7,5,1,2,3,4,8,随堂练习,7.ButeventhoughAristotlewasagreatmanwhoinspiredmanygreatscientistsandphilosophersafterhim,hewaswrongattimes.(P43)但是即使亚里士多德这样一位鼓舞了很多科学家和哲学家的伟大人物,有时也会犯错。考点inspirevt.启发;鼓舞【高考典句】(2016江苏高考)ShehopestoinspiretheJamaicanstolaydowntheirweapons.她希望鼓励牙买加人放下武器。【高考典句】(2016天津高考)Hecontinued,“Cathyhasinspireduswithherwillandenthusiasm.”他继续说:“是Cathy用她的意志力和热情激励了我们。”,6,7,5,1,2,3,4,8,随堂练习,考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词的词性和意义Hewasaninspiredpoet,whowrotealotofgoodpoems.词性形容词意义有灵感的Tobehonest,thisbookislessthaninspiring.词性形容词意义激励的Dreamscanbearichsourceofinspirationforanartist.词性名词意义灵感,6,7,5,1,2,3,4,8,随堂练习,inspiresb.todosth.激励某人做某事inspiresb.withsth.用某事激励某人inspiredadj.有灵感的inspiringadj.激励的inspirationn.灵感,6,7,5,1,2,3,4,8,随堂练习,6,7,5,1,2,3,4,8,随堂练习,7,8,6,5,1,2,3,4,随堂练习,8.Thesemenknewthatknowledgeandunderstandingarethingstofightfor;morevitaltoaman,andmorebeneficialtomankind,somemightsay,thanallthemoneyintheworld.(P43)这些人懂得获得知识和理解力是需要奋斗的。有人可能会说,对一个人或人类来说,它比世界上所有的金钱都更重要、更有益。考点vitaladj.极其重要的Hedescribeditasvitalforkeepinguscheerful.他把它描述成让我们保持精神振奋的关键。Officialsfailedtopassvitalinformationtotheirsuperiors.官员们没有将重要信息汇报给他们的上司。,7,8,6,5,1,2,3,4,随堂练习,考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词的词组和意义Asweallknow,vitaminsareveryvitalforhealth.词组bevitalfor.意义对来说是重要的Readingisofvitalimportanceinlanguagelearning.词组beofvitalimportance意义非常重要温馨提示在句型Itisvitalthat.中,that后面的从句的谓语用should+do,其中should可省略。如:Itisvitalthatyoushouldkeepaccuraterecordswhenyouareself-employed.()Itisvitalthatyouwouldkeepaccuraterecordswhenyouareself-employed.(),7,8,6,5,1,2,3,4,随堂练习,bevitalfor.对来说是重要的beofvitalimportance非常重要Itisvitalthat.做某事是非常重要的。,7,8,6,5,1,2,3,4,随堂练习,7,8,6,5,1,2,3,4,随堂练习,8,7,6,5,1,2,3,4,随堂练习,一、写作词汇检测用所学的单词或短语完成或翻译下列句子。1.习惯于(1)Theoldmanhasbeenaccustomedthelifehere.(2)这个外国人在尽力使自己习惯这里的气候。答案:(1)to(2)Theforeigneristryingtoaccustomhimselftotheweatherhere.2.defence(1)Hewoulddoeverythinghisdaughteragainstharm.(2)他站起来为这个男孩辩护。答案:(1)todefend(2)Hestoodupindefenceofthisboy.,8,7,6,5,1,2,3,4,随堂练习,3.忽视;不顾(1)Theyoungmantheredtrafficlightanddroveon.(2)这个老人并不知道这个新规定。答案:(1)ignored(2)Theoldmanisignorantofthenewrule.运用所学单词或短语造句。4.ten