初中英语名词专项ppt课件

名词,语法复习,1,名词是表示人、事物、地点的名称或者抽象概念的词。名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词两类。,2,名词的种类,专有名词：,普通名词：,可数：,不可数：,个体名词nurse,house,horse,apple,pen,集体名词people,family,class,trousers,物质名词：water,paper,air,milk,抽象名词：work,housework,homework,information,news,weather,专有名词的第一个字母要大写，人名、地名、国家名、景观名、公共节日及月份等等都是属于专有名词。如：YaoMing,China,March,NewYearsDay等。,专有名词是特定的或独一无二的人或事物。,3,名词的单数形式,一般可用_来修饰acarabookanelephantanappleaneraser_hour_honestboy_interestingbook.请注意：_usefulthing_unusualthing_univercity_MP3,an,an,an,a,an,a,an,a,an,在元音音素开头的单词前用_,4,名词的复数形式1.复数形式的构成方法(1)一般在名词后加“s”dogdogs(2)以_结尾的名词加“es”boxeswatchesbusesbrushes,(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加“es”countrycountriesfactoryfactories如果是元音字母加y结尾的名词则只须加_,s、x、ch、sh,“s”,boyboysmonkeymonkeys,5,(4)以o结尾的名词加_radioradioszoozoos_加“es”构成复数potatopotatoestomatotomatoes(5)以f、fe结尾的名词,变f、fe为v再加“es”wifeshelf,“s”,potato,tomato和hero,wives,shelves,knives,leaves,knifeleaf,6,(6)可数名词的不规则变化a.单复数同形ChineseChinese,JapaneseJapanese,fishfish,sheepsheep,deer-deerb.变元音字母oo为eetoothteethfootfeetgoose-geese,7,c.变man为menmanmenwomanwomenpolicemanpolicemenFrenchmanFrenchmen请区别：German(德国人)Germans(“中日”不变“英法”变，其余s加后面),8,9,(7)有些名词无单数形式。如：people(作“人们”解时)policeclothes.(8)pants,shorts,glasses(眼镜)只用复数形式。,(9)由man,woman构成的合成名词，变复数时将名词及man,woman都变成复数。如：mandrivermendriverswomanteacherwomenteachers但其他合成名词，只要把合成名词中的中心词变为复数形式。如：abananatreeaboystudents,bananatrees,boystudents,10,不可数名词物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词如:water，rice，fish，meat等。另外还有：,medicinewoodworktimespacemusicmoneychangeweatherhomeworkinformationnewsadviceknowledge,11,1.不可数名词无复数形式，作主语时常看成_盘子里有一些面包。Thereissomebreadontheplate.没有消息就是好消息。Nonewsisgoodnews.,单数,muchlittle,12,3.常用apieceof,acupof,aglassof,abottleof等来表示不可数名词的量,Thereisapieceofpaperonthedesk.,注意：可数名词也可用量来表示，of后用复数Therearetwobagsofeggsinthebasket.,桌子上有一张纸。,篮子里有两袋鸡蛋。,13,4.有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情况下可相互转化，同一个词，但意思不同(1)glass(玻璃)aglasspaper(纸)apaperwork(工作)aworkroom(空间)aroomtime(时间)times,(2)fruit(水果)fruitsfish(鱼)fishes,(玻璃杯),(报纸),(著作),(房间),(时代),(各种水果),(各种鱼),14,1.Pleasegiveme_paper.A.oneB.apiecesC.apieceD.apieceof2.Thistableismadeof_.A.manyglassB.someglassesC.glassesD.glass3.WhatcanIdoforyou,sir?Idliketwo_.A.bottleofmilkB.bottlesofmilksC.bottlesofmilkD.bottleofmilks4.Wecandotheworkbetterwith_moneyand_people.A.less,fewerB.fewer,lessC.little,littleD.few,few,D,D,C,A,15,5.Inthepicturetherearemany_andtwo_.A.sheeps;knifesB.sheeps;knifeC.sheep;knivesD.sheep;knife6.Therearefour_andtwo_inthegroup.A.Japanese，GermenB.Japaneses，GermenC.Japanese，GermanD.Japanese，Germans,D,C,16,Hisfamily_notpooranymore.他家再也不穷了。Ihopeyourfamily_quitewell.我希望你的家人身体都很好。,is,are,17,典型例题解析,1.TheBrownsisgoingtovisitChina.()2.TheBrownsaregoingtovisitChina.()3.Theyoungisdancingthere.()4.Theyoungaredancingthere.()5.Physicsareverydifficulttolearn.()6.Physicsisverydifficulttolearn.()7.WehavefiveGermeninthismeeting.()8.WehavefiveGermansinthismeeting.()9.ThisisoneoftheEnglish-Chinesedictionary.()10.ThisisoneoftheEnglish-Chinesedictionaries.(),18,指点迷津,is,is,is,is,am,NOUN.,Tenyears_(is,are)shorttimeforme.Apairofsh