孔子的教育思想 英文版 PPT课件

.,1,TheEducationalThoughtsofConfucius,.,2,Introduction,.,3,BorninthevillageofZoninthecountryofLuin551BCDiedin479BCPosition:ThefirsteducatorofprivateschoolMaindoctrineRen,.,4,FounderoftheConfucianschoolandConfucianismSymbolofChineseculture,ThinkerEducatorStatesmanPhilosopher,.,5,ConfuciusisfamousforhisphilosophybecausehemademanywisesayingsinancientChinathathelpedmanypeoplelearnaboutnature,theworld,andthehumanbehavior.,.,6,HeestablishedfirstprivateschoolinChinaandacceptedthestudentsfromeverywhere.Subjects:Manners,Music,Literature,Riding,ArcheryandMathematics(礼，乐，射，御，书，数）Hehave3000students.Amongthem,72becamefamousscholars.,.,7,TheAnalectsisthesinglemostimportantbookinthehistoryofChina,whichexpressaphilosophy,oramoralcode,bywhichConfucius,oneofthemosthumanethinkersofalltime,believedeveryoneshouldlive.AnenduringclassicofChineseculture,TheAnalectshasinfluencedallthinkers,writersandpoliticiansintheover2,000-year-longhistoryofChinaafterConfucius.Noscholarcouldtrulyunderstandthislong-standingcultureortheinnerworldoftheancientChinesewithoutthisbook.,TheAnalects,.,8,Philosophy,.,9,Benevolence,tobehumanity,mercyandkindness;,Justness,toberighteousness,Rituals,customandlow,tobepolite,Wisdom,tobeknowledgeableandwelleducated,Royalty,faithful,reliable,accountable,responsible,creditable,.,10,Iwillnotbeafflictedatmensnotknowingme;IwillbeafflictedthatIdonotknowmen.不患人之不己知，患不知人也,Whatonedoesnotwishforoneself,oneoughtnottodotoanyoneelse;whatonerecognizesasdesirableforoneself,oneoughttobewillingtogranttoothers.,.,11,Thepersonsbeingcultivated,thefamilieswereregulated.身修而后家齐,Thefamiliesbeingregulated,theStateswererightlygoverned.家齐而后国治,TheStatesbeingrightlygoverned,theentireworldwasatpeace.国治而后天下平,.,12,EducationalThoughts,.,13,ConfuciuswasChinasfirsteducator.Hetaughtstudentsallhislife,andputforwardmanyimportanteducationalprinciplesandeffectiveteachingmethods.Heheldthatallmenwereeducable,becausebynaturemenwerequitealike,andtheyweremadedifferentbylearningandpractice.,HewasthefirstfigureinChinesehistorytoinitiateeducation.Hebelievedthebasicgoalofeducationwastocultivatepersonsofvirtue,whoshouldhavesoundcharacterandupliftedminds.,.,14,Thiswasinhisdayanepoch-makingview,becauseitmeantthatnotonlythenobles，butpeopleofallotherclasses，wereentitledtoreceiveeducation.Histeachingmethodsincludedtheelicitingmethod,givinginstructionsaccordingtostudentspeculiarities,andcombiningtheorywithrealityandpractice.Todeepenhisstudents,understanding,hediscussedwiththemrealpeopleandeventsofearliertimesandhisday,expressinghisownviews,makinganalys,pointingouttheirstrengthsandweaknesses,andurginghisstudentstoweighanddecideissues.,.,15,Educationtarget：thefirstpersontoopenaprivateschooltocommonpeopleCoursecontentmorality,properspeech,government,therefinedartsPedagogicalmethods:Heposesquestions,orusesaptanalogies,andwaitsforhisstudentstoarriveattherightanswers.Educationgoal:tocreatesuperiormen,.,16,Topreferitisbetterthanonlytoknowit.Todelightinitisbetterthanmerelytopreferit.,Whatyouknow,youknow,whatyoudontknow,youdontknow.Thisisknowledge.,知之为知之,不知为不知,是知也。,知之者不如好之者，好之者不如乐之者。,.,17,Inteachingpeople,thereisnodiscrimination(ofclass,type,etc.),Reviewingwhatyouhavelearnedandlearninganew,youarefittobeateacher.,Learningwithoutsatiety,instructingotherswithoutbeingwearied.,Ifamaninthemorningheartherightway,hemaydieintheeveningwithoutregret.,.,18,ZiGongasked:“WhywasKongWenZicalledWen?”Confuciusreplied:“Hewasquickanddevotedtolearning,andnotashamedtoaskedthosebelowhim.ThatiswhyheiscalledWen”.,子贡问曰：“孔文子何以谓之文也？”子曰：“敏而好学，不耻下问，是以谓之文也。”,.,19,Influence,.,20,TheConfucianthoughtshaveawideinfluenceinallthenationsofEastAsia.InKoreaandJapan,ethicandetiquettehavebeenundertheinfluenceoftheConfucianviewpointssuchashumanity,justiceandetiquette,etc