现在完成时精品16208PPT课件

.,1,PresentPerfectTense,现在完成时,.,2,PresentPerfectTense现在完成时,.,3,主语+have/has+过去分词（pp）,现在完成时的结构,Winterhasalreadycome，,willitstillbefarinspring?,.,4,主语+have/has+过去分词（pp）,否定形式havent(havenot）+过去分词hasnt(hasnot)+过去分词,疑问句把助动词have/has放在句首,现在完成时的结构,注：主语若是第三人称单数助动词用has,.,5,Youhaveplantedallthetrees.Ihaveplantedallthetrees.He/shehasplantedallthetrees.Theyhaveplantedallthetrees.,区别have和has的用法,主语若是第三人称单数助动词用has,.,6,1、规则变化（过去分词与过去时变化规则一样）,(1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ed”。work-worked-workedvisit-visited-visited(2)、以“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d”。live-lived,过去分词,.,7,(3)、以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，将“y”变为“i”，再加“ed”。，study-studied-studiedcry-cried-cried(4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ed”。stop-stopped-stoppeddrop-dropped-dropped,.,8,2、不规则变化,havehadhadam/iswasbeenarewerebeendodiddonegowentgoneseesawseen,.,9,Presentperfecttense现在完成时,构成:用法一：,表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果.现在完成时,强调是过去动作与现在的联系,也就是强调现在的影响和结果.,have/has+过去分词,.,10,1.两个句子都表示过去发生的事；2.现在完成时强调过去和现在的联系，不能和具体的时间状语连用；3.一般过去时强调过去发生的事或状态,没有说明与现在的关系，它与表示过去的具体时间连用。（last,ago,yesterday,etc.）,present,past,Ihavelivedherefortwoyears,Ilivedthere2yearsago,.,11,现在完成时和一般过去时的区别：,现在完成时:强调这一动作产生的结果对现在的影响或结果，与现在有关。一般过去时:仅表示在过去某一时刻曾发生过这一动作，与现在无关。,他已学英语五年了。,HehasstudiedEnglishforfiveyears.,他曾学过五年英语。,HestudiedEnglishforfiveyears.,（说明他还会继续学下去）,（只说明他过去学过五年英语，但现在不学了。）,.,12,Ivelivedherefortenyears.我在这里住了10年。(现在仍住这儿)Ilivedherefortenyears.我在这里住过10年。(现在不住这儿了)Hehasboughtahouse.他买了一栋房子。(现在已拥有这房子)Heboughtahousetenyearsago.他10年前买了一栋房子。(现在是否仍拥有这房子不清楚),.,13,一般过去时与现在完成时有一些明显的时间状语。,遇到yesterday,Lastyear,inMay,in+过去某一年，twodaysago,theotherday,justnow等就用一般过去时(表过去的时间),当有sofar,in/during/overthepast/lastfewdays(在过去/最近的几年里)，since接过去时间状语或过去时的句子等常用现在完成时(不能与确定的时间),.,14,PutthefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.A:火车已经开走了.B:什么时候开走的?A:半个小时之前开走的.A:这本书我已经买了两年了.B:你在哪儿买的?A:在我老家买的.A:你看过这部电影吗?B:看过.A:什么时候看的.B:上周星期天看的.,A:Thetrainhasleft.,B:Whendiditleave.,A:Itlefthalfanhourago.,A:haveyouseenthefilm?B:Yes,Ihave.A:Whendidyouseeit?B:IsawitlastSunday.,A:Ivehadthebookfortwoyears.B:Wheredidyoubuyit?A:Iboughtitinmyhometown.,.,15,现在完成时不能与表示过去的时间状语连用，常与之连用的时间状语有：,before,bynow(sofar),once,twice,just,recentlyyet(否/疑),already(肯),ever,never,alloneslife,in/during/overthepast/last5years,.,16,（1）already,肯定句:“己经”,一般疑问句:句末(表示惊讶的语气)“难道”,Haveyouhadbreakfastalready？(表示强调),Ivealreadyhadbreakfast.(常见)=Ivehadbreakfastalready.,.,17,注:有already的句子在时态上并不都是现在完成时,判断时要看该词后是否有动词的过去分词.Eg.Shesalreadyeightyyearsold.Itwasalreadyverylate.,.,18,(2)yet,否定句:句末“还(没)”,疑问句:句末“己经”,Haveyouhadbreakfastyet?,Ihaventhadbreakfastyet.,.,19,注意：当在肯定句中含already或just，变否定时，在句末加yet。,Ihaventseenthefilmyet.,Motherhasjustcleanedthehouse.,Motherhasntcleanedthehouseyet.,Ihavealreadyseenthefilm.,.,20,(3)ever,肯定句/疑问句:句中“曾经”,IveeverbeentoBeijing.HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?,.,21,(4)never,否定句:句中“从来没有”IveneverbeentoBeijing.,.,22,注:带ever的肯定句变否定句时,将ever变never,Hehasevermademeal.,Havetheyevertravelledbytrain?No,never.,Hehasnevermademeal.,带ever的一般疑问句作否定回答时可用“No,never.”,.,23,(5)just,用于句中,表示“刚刚”Ivejusthadbreakfast.Whathavetheyjustdone?,.,24,(6)before,用于句末,表示“以前”Iveseenitbefore.Hassheriddenabikebefore?,.,25,Exercises,1.I_(have)lunchalready.2.Hasthetrain_(arrive),yet?3.Tome_never_(beto)China.4.Thetwin_just_(see)myfather.5.Thetwins_(see)myfatherjustnow.6.Manytallbuildings_(build)inthepast5years.,havehad,arrived,has,beento,has,seen,saw,havebeenbuilt,.,26,用法二：E.g.Katehaslivedherefor3years.Katehaslivedheresince3yearsago.KatehaslivedheresinceshecametoChina.,表示过去所发生的动作或存在的状态，一直持续到现在并可能还将持续下去。动词使用延续性动词。常与for或since引导的时间连用,.,27,since:(自以来)1)since+时间点Hehasstayedheresince5oclock.2)since+时间段+agoHehasstayedheresince5hoursago.3)since+从句（句中的谓语动词为过去式）ShehastaughtEnglishsincehecamehere.for:(长达）for+时间段Hehaskeptthebookfor2weeks.,since,for的用法:,.,28,注意:对for或since引导的时间状语提问必须用_,1.Ihavelivedherefor10years.,Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?,2.Shehasstoodheresince2hoursago.,Howlonghasshestoodhere?,howlong,.,29,选用for和since填空:1.Wehaventseeneachother_alongtime.2.HisfatherhasbeenintheParty_10yearsago.3.Thefilmhasbeenon_20minutes.4.MrGreenhasworkedhere_hecametoChina.5.Hisgrandpahasbeendead_severalyears.,for,since,for,since,for,.,30,6.Mr.BrownhashadhisTV_15years.7.Ivetakendrivinglessons_lastmonth.8.Mysisterhashadhercellphone_amonth.9.Myfriendshaventvisitedme_mybirthday.10.Wehaventusedourcar_alongtime.11.Shehasnthadagoodcupofcoffee_years.12.Tomhaswornglasses_hewas7yearsold.,for,since,for,since,for,for,since,.,31,注意:瞬间动词不能和时间段连用.,注意,.,32,Pleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrect,Shehasboughtthecomputerfortwoyears.,had,.,33,Pleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrect,HowlonghaveyoucometotheUnitedStates？,beenin,.,34,Pleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrect,AnnhasgonetoChinasincethreemonthsago.,beenin,.,35,Pleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrect,IhavegottoParisforoneweek.,beenin,.,36,Pleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrect,Mybrotherhasjoinedthearmyforfiveyears.,beenin,beenasoldier,.,37,Pleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrect,IhaveleftShanghaifor3days.,beenawayfor3days.,.,38,Pleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrect,Ihaveborrowedthedictionarysince3daysago.,kept,.,39,Pleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrect,Thefilmhasbegunfor10minutes.,beenon,.,40,Pleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrect,Theconcerthasfinishedforhalfanhour.,beenover,.,41,Pleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrect,Hisdoghasdiedfortwoyears.,beendead,.,42,Pleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrect,Shehasmarriedforsixyears.,beenmarried,.,43,常见非延续性动词和延续性动词的转变,arrive/come/gotodiebecomeaborrowLeave/movebuyopenjoinstart/beginfinish/endcatchacoldgetupgettoknowgetoutclosewakeupgotosleepbecomeinterestedin,bein,bedead,have,keep,beaway/beout,bea,bein/amemberof,beopen,beon,beover,haveacold,beup,know,beout,beclosed,beawake,beasleep/sleep,beinterestedin,.,44,Exercises,Hisfatherhasdied.(for2years)Thefootballmatchhasbegun.(since9:00a.m)Thetwinshavejoinedthearmy.(sincetheyare18yearsold)MyteacherhasjustleftNanjing.(for3days),Hisfatherhasbeendeadfor2years.,Thefootballmatchhasbeenonsince9:00a.m.,Thetwinshavebeensoldiers/beeninthearmysincetheyare18yearsold.,MyteacherhasbeenawayfromNanjingfor3days,.,45,注：非延续性动词可以于现在完成时,表示动作已经完成，它不能跟段时间。但它的否定式可以跟段时间状语连用.,TomhasleftBeijing.TomhasntleftBeijingsincehecametothiscityin2004.Hehasborrowedapenfromme.Hehasntborrowedapenfrommesinceweargued.,.,46,重点句型:Itis/hasbeen+段时间+since从句段时间+haspassed+since从句,eg.他死了两年了：Hediedtwoyearsago.Hehasbeendeadfortwoyears/sincetwoyearsagoItis/hasbeentwoyearssincehedied.Twoyearshaspassedsincehedied.,.,47,这本书我借了一个月了。,Iborrowedthisbookamonthago.,Itis/hasbeenamonthsinceIborrowedthebook.,Ihavekeptthebookforamonth./sinceamonthago.,AmonthhaspassedsinceIborrowedthebook.,.,48,用法三：havebeento曾经去过某地（已返回）havegoneto去了某地（还没有回来）,A,B,A,B,巧记：beento，goneto意不同，两者用法要记清；havebeento+地名，曾经到过某地行；havegoneto+地点，到某地去了已走远。havebeenin+地点，在某地呆多久。,.,49,1.IhavegonetoJapanbefore.()2.Guilinisverybeautiful,Ihavebeentotheretwice.()3.HisfatherhasgonetoBeijing.Hewillbebacknextweek()4.Wherehaveyougone?(),Trueorfalse?,F,F,F,T,been,been,去掉,.,50,canyoudistinguish?,hasgoneto,havegoneto,havebeento,beento,beenin,hasbeen,have,hasbeen,Have,.,51,用have/hasbeento,have/hasgoneto填空：1.Whereisyourbrother?He_theshop.Hellbebacksoon.2._youever_toAmerica?Yes,I_NewYorktwice.3.Hereyouareatlast!Where_you_?I_London.4.David_Australia.Imsurehesalreadyarrived.5.IsBennyhere?No,he_theschoollibrary.Heleftfiveminutesago.,hasgoneto,Havebeento,havebeento,havebeen,havebeento,hasgoneto,hasgoneto,.,52,Exercises,Tom在哪儿？他去书店买书了。我在北京待了5年了。Jack去过上海两次了,-WhereisTom?-Hehasgonetothebookshoptobuysomebooks.,IhavebeeninBeijingfor5years.,JackhasbeentoShanghaitwice.,.,53,1.When（特殊疑问词“什么时候”）不用于现在完成时。因为它是对动作所发生的时间提问的，而现在完成时的动作却是过去所发生的。e.g-WhereisTom?-Hehasgonetothezoo?-Whendidhego?-Hewenttherethismorning.,注意,.,54,2.被形容词最高级所修饰的名词后的定语从句(that引导)中，一般用现在完成时态。,Thisisthemostdeliciousfood(that)Iveevereaten.这是我所吃过的最美味的食物。Sheisthemostbeautifulgirl(that)Iveeverseen.她是我见过的最美丽的姑娘,.,55,3.Itisthefirst/secondtime+现在完成时Thisis+the最高级+名词+that+现在完成时,Thisisthefirsttime(that)Iveheardhimsing.这是我第一次听他唱歌。ItisthefirsttimethatIhaveseensuchabeautifulgirlItwasthethirdtimethattheboyhasbeenlate.ThisisthebestfilmthatIve(ever)seen.这是我看过的最好的电影。,.,56,典型例题(1)-Doyouknowourtownatall?-No,thisisthefirsttimeI_here.A.wasB.havebeenC.cameD.amcoming(2)-Haveyou_beentoourtownbefore?-No,itsthefirsttimeI_here.A.even,comeB.even,havecomeC.ever,comeD.ever,havecome,D,B,.,57,当堂检测一、句式变换：（5分,每空1分）1.JackhasvisitedChinabefore.(改为否定句）JackvisitedChinabefore.2.Theyhavecomeintotheclassroom.(改为一般疑问句）comeintotheclassroom?3.Hehasbeenherefor12years.(划线提问）hashebeenhere?,hasnt,Havethey,Howlong,.,58,1、Hehasneversurfed,?（改成反意疑问句）2、Theyhavebeenheresince2000.(对划线部分提问)havetheybeenhere?3、Theoldman_lastyear.He_forayear.(die)（动词填空）,hashe,Howlong,died,hasbeendead,.,59,4.Thisfactoryopenedtwentyyearsago.(同义句转换)Thisfactory_fortwentyyears.5、MissGaoleftanhourago.(同义句转换)MissGao_anhourago.6、HermotherhasbeenaPartymemberforthreeyears.（同义句）Hermother_thePartythreeyears_.7、TheGreenFamilymovedtoFrancetwoyearsago.(同义句转换)_twoyears_theGreenfamilymovedtoFrance.8、Thebushasarrivedhere.Itarrivedtenminutesago.(把两个句子合并成一个句子)_,hasbeenopen,hasbeenawaysince,joined,ago,Itis,since,Thebushasbeenherefortenminutes,.,60,Correcting,1.Ihaveborrowedthebookfor3months.2.Mybotherhasjoinedthearmysincehewas18.3.JackandTomhavelivedheresince5years.4.ThefilmhasbeenonsinceIhavecometothecinema.5.WhenhasMr.Licaughtabadcold?,havekept,hasbeenin/beenamemberofthearmy,since5yearsago/for5years,came,did,catch,.,61,6.Tenyearshavepassedsincetheygotmarried.7.JimhasgonetoBeijingfor2years.8.Whattimehavethefactoryopened?9.IhavegonetoChunhuaMiddleSchooltwice.,has,hasbeenin,did,open,beento,.,62,写出下列动词的过去式及过去分词1become_-_2break_-_3bring_-_4build_-_5bite_-_6catch_-_7choose_-_8cut_-_9fall_-_10fly_-_11forget_-_12grow_-_,13hit_-_14hurt_-_15keep_-_16lend_-_17lose_-_18meet_-_19put_-_20read_-_21ring_-_,becamebecome,brokebroken,broughtbrought,builtbuilt,bitbit,caughtcaught,chosechosen,cutcut,fellfallen,flewflown,forgotforgotten,grewgrown,hithit,hurthurt,keptkept,lentlent,lostlost,metmet,putput,readread,rangrung,.,63,Exercises,()1.Youveneverseensuchawonderfulfilmbefore,_?A.haventyouB.haveyouC.doyouD.dontyou()2.Ihavewatchedthegame.When_you_it?A.have;watchedB.do;watchC.did;watchD.will;watch,()3.Mr.Green_inChinasincefiveyearsago.A.livedB.haslivedC.livesD.isgoingtolive()4.Hisgrandma_fortwoyears.A.diedB.hasdiedC.wasdeadD.hasbeendead,B,C,B,D,.,64,()5.WhereisHanMeinow?She_toShanghai.Shewillbebackintwodays.A.hasgoneB.hasbeenC.goesD.hadgone()6._you_totheUnitedStated?No,never,butIwenttoCanadaafewyearsagoA.Have;beenB.Have;goneC.Did;goD.Do;go,()7.Youhaventchangedyourmind,_?A.doyouB.areyouC.haveyouD.didyou,()8.Howlonghaveyou_thefootballteamoftheschool?A.playedB.beenatC.joinedDbeenon,A,A,C,D,.,65,()9.Wherehaveyou_thesedays?Ihave_toKunmingwithmyfriends.Abeen,goneBbeen,beenCgone,beenDgone,gone()10.Howlonghaveyou_thisbook?A.boughtB.borrowedC.hadD.lent()11.Excuseme,_youseenthefilmyet?Yes,I_itlastnight.Ahave,seeBhave,haveseenChave,seenDhave,saw()12.Hehasneverriddenahorsebefore,_?A.isheB.isntheC.hasntheD.hashe,B,C,D,D,.,66,1、Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybethey_whatshappenedtohim.knew.haveknown.mustknow.willknow2、Hehas_beentoShanghai,hashe?.already.never.ever.still3、HaveyoumetMrLi_？.just.ago.before.amomentago4、Thefamouswriter_onenewbookinthepasttwoyear.iswriting.waswriting.wrote.haswritten,B,B,C,D,.,67,5、Ourcountry_alotsofar.Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven_.haschanged;well.changed;good.haschanged;better.changed;better6、ZhaoLan_already_inthisschoolfortwoyears.was;studying.will;study.has;studied.are;studying7、We_XiaoLisinceshewasalittlegirl.know.hadknown.haveknown.knew8、HarryPotterisaverynicefilm.I_ittwice.willsee.haveseen.saw.see,C,C,C,B,.,68,9、ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates.Really?When_there?.willtheygo.didtheygo.dotheygo.havetheygone10、_you_yourhomeworkyet?Yes.I_itamomentago.Did;do;finished.Have;done;finished.Have;done;havefinished.will;do;finish11、Hisfather_thePartysince1978.joined.hasjoined.wasin.hasbeenin12、Doyouknowhimwell?Sure.We_friendssincetenyearsago.were.havebeen.havebecome.havemade,B,B,D,B,.,69,13、Howlonghaveyou_here?Ae.arrived14、Hurryup!Theplay_fortenminutes.hasbegun.hadbegun.hasbeenon.began15、It_tenyearssinceheleftthearmy.is.has.will.was16、MissGreenisntintheoffice.she_tothelibrary.hasgone.went.willgo.hasbeen,A,C,A,A,.,70,17、Myparents_Shandongfortenyears.havebeenin.havebeento.havegoneto.havebeen18、Thestudentshavecleanedtheclassroom,?A.sotheyB.donttheyC.havetheyD.haventthey19、hasMrWhitebeenamemberofGreenerChinasincehetoChina?A.Howsoon,comesB.Howoften,gotC.Howlong,cameD.Howfar,arrived20、Hisuncleformorethan9years.A.hascomehereB.h