2020届中考英语 直接引语和间接引语复习（无答案）

直接引语和间接引语直接引述别人的话，叫“直接引语”。用自己的话转述别人的话，叫“间接引语”。间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语一般前后要加引号，间接引语不用引号。Eg:Hesaid,IlikeEnglish.（直接）Hesaid(that)helikesEnglish.（间接）一直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that引导（口语中常省略），从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。1.人称的变化：Eg:(1)Tomaskedme,Canyouhelpme?TomaskedmeifIcouldhelphim.(2)Imgoingtoinvitemyfriendstohavedinner.Janetoldmeonthephone.Janetoldmeonthephoneshewasgoingtoinviteherfriendstohavedinner. (3)Theteachersaid,John,youmustbringyourbooktotheclass.TheteachertoldJohnthathemustbringhisbooktotheclass. (4)Hesaidtome,CanIuseyourbike?Heaskedmeif/whetherhecouldusemybike. (5)Sheaskedhim,Wouldyouliketogoshoppingwithme?Sheaskedhimif/whetherhewouldliketogowithher.2.时态的变化：如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态上要作相应的变化。如果主句的谓语动词是现在时，从句的时态则无需变化。时态变化的一般规律如下：直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时（不变）cancouldmaymightEg:(1)Whatareyoudoing?Mymotheraskedme.MymotheraskedmewhatIwasdoing. (2)IhavebeentoShanghaitwice.Shesaidtous.Shesaidtous(that)shehadbeentoShanghaitwice. (3)Sheaskedme,Willyougototheparty?Sheaskedmeif/whetherIwouldgototheparty. (4)Hetoldus,Wecleanedtheclassroom.Hetoldus(that)theyhadcleanedtheclassroom. (5)Tomsaidtome,IcanspeakChinese.Tomsaidtome(that)hecouldspeakChinese. (6)Hesaid,Areyouangrywithme?Heaskedmeif/whetherIwasangrywithhim.3.指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化：Eg:(1)Shesaid,Ilikethisbook.Hesaid(that)helikedthatbook.(2)Hetoldus,MrBlackwillcomeheretonight.Hetoldus(that)MrBlackwouldgotherethatnight.(3)Hisbrothersaid,Imcomingtomorrow.Hisbrothersaid(that)hewasgoingthenextday.(4)Theteachertoldus,IwillgotoBeijingnextweek.Theteachertoldus(that)shewouldgotoBeijingthenextweek.(5)Theboysaid,Iplayedcomputergamesyesterday.Theboysaid(that)hehadplayedcomputergamesthedaybefore.注意：直接引语变间接引语时的变化应视实际情况而定。假如就在当天转述，today,yesterday,tomorrow等就不需改变；如果在当地转述，here也不必改为there，come也不必改为go.另外，在过去时的引述动词之后，当转述客观真理或是为了表示引述的状态和情况到现在任然是事实时，也经常用一般现在时。Eg:(1)Theteachertoldus,Heisagoodstudent.Theteachertoldus(that)heisagoodstudent.(2)Hesaid,Lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.Hesaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.二直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。1.直接引语如果是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，要用连词whether或if引导。主句中的谓语动词是said时，要改为asked.没有间接宾语的，可以加一个间接宾语（me,him或us等）。Eg:(1)Johnsaid,Doyouoftenwritetoyourparents?Johnasked(me)ifIoftenwrotetomyparents.(2)Sallysaid,Willyoustaywithmethisafternoon?Sallyaskeduswhetherwewouldstaywithherthatafternoon.2.直接引语如果是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，仍用原来的疑问词引导。Eg:(1)WhatcanIdoforyou?heaskedme.Heaskedmewhathecoulddoforme.三直接引语如果是祈使句，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，并再不定式的前面根据句子的意思加上tell,ask,order等动词，其句型是:tell/ask/ordersomeone(not)todosomethingEg:(1)Comeinandsitdown,please.shesaidtous.Sheaskedustocomeinandsitdown.(2)Dontbesonervous,John.theteachersaid.TheteachertoldJohnnottobenervous.注意：祈使句改为间接引语时，是变成动词不定式，而不是一个从句。方法是：一改、二变、三加、四去。即：一改：said(to)改为asked或told,order；二变：saidto的宾语或呼语变为asked等的宾语；三加：即在动词原形前加to，使其成为不定式；四去：去掉please.直接引语变为间接引语专练1.Shesaid,MymotherdoesntwanttogothereShesaid_mother_wanttogothere2.Myfatherasked,whenwillyoubeback?Myfatheraskedme_back3.HeaskedLinTao,HowmanytimeshaveyoubeentoBeijing?HeaskedLinTao_times_beentoBeijing?4.Donttalkinclass.theteachersaidtotheclassTheteacher_theclass_talkinclass5.Theteachersaidtoherstudent,PleasegivemethebookTheteacher_herstudent_herbook6.Tomsays.IlikereadingstoriesTomsays_readingstories7.Sarahsaidtoherfriends,IdontlikecomputersSarahsaidtoherfriends_likecomputers8.HeaskedmeAreyouinterestedinEnglish?Heaskedme_interestedinEnglish“WhatcanIdoforyou?heaskedme.Heaskedme_doforme10.SheaskshimWheredoyoulive?Sheaskshimwhere_.11.TheteachertoldusLighttravelsmuchfasterthansoundTheteachertoldus_light_muchfasterthansound12.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed,mothersaidtomeMot