吉林省扶余中学中考英语 宾语从句素材 人教新目标版

宾 语 从 句宾语从句:在复合句中用作宾语的从句例如：We know that Mr Green teaches English. She asked if these answers were right.宾语从句在复合句中作主句谓语动词, 形容词, 介词的宾语.宾语从句三要素:引导词，语序，时态1.引导词（连接词）:1) 陈述句用 that引导: He said that his father was fifty years old. (当宾语从句是陈述句时，用连接代词that引导，that在口语、非正式文体中常被省略)。 2) 特殊疑问句用:who, what, which, where, when,how等引导: Do you know where he lives?(当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，特殊疑问词就是引导词。特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句引导词不可省略。)3) 一般疑问句用:if, whether引导: 当宾语从句由一般疑问句变来时，要用连词if或whether引导，意为“是否”。只起连接作用，一般情况下可互换。Does Mr Zhao live in Room 208? Could you tell me?Could you tell me if/whether Mr Zhao lives in Room 208? 下列情况中一般只能用whether：a、与or not连用时。I dont know whether he likes the movie or not.b、作介词的宾语时。Everything depends on whether we have enough time.c.放在不定式前，与不定式组成词组时。She hasnt decided whether to go or not.d.作discussed等词的宾语时。We discussed whether we should close the shop.注意：宾语从句的谓语动词是否定形式时，只能用if，不能用whether。如： Tom wants to know if he wont come here tomorrow. 汤姆想知道他明天是否不来这儿。2.宾语从句的语序: 陈述语序 不论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,也不论从句用什么引导词,宾语从句一律用陈述语序,宾语从句的标点符号由主句决定.I hear that he will be back in an hour. Could you tell me where Center Street is?宾语从句的陈述句语序：即“连接词+主语谓语其他”。例如：whether he will come ， where we can go， where Center Street is (注意:情态动词,助动词,be动词在主语后面,反之则属于倒装语序,即疑问句语序.在宾语从句中不会再出现do,does,did)判断下列那些属于陈述语序，并圈出来：1、what can we do / what we can do2、how can we go there/ how we can go there3、if it will be open/ if will it be open4、whether does it rain/ whether it rains5、what life will be like / what will life be like6、where is the bank/ where the bank is 7、that mooncakes are delicious/ that mooncakes delicious are 8、who is he / who he is9、that did I write / that I wrote3.宾语从句的时态1）当主句谓语是一般现在时, 宾语从句可以根据需要来使用某种时态.He says (that ) he is at home. 他说他在家里。I dont know (that) she is singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。She wants to know if I have finished my homework. 她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。Do you know when he will be back?你知道他将会什么时候回来？2）若主句是一般过去时，从句则用跟过去相关的时态。即一般现在时变为一般过去时、现在进行时变为过去进行时、一般将来时为过去将来时、现在完成时态变为过去完成时。He said (that) he was at home.他说他在家里。I didnt know that she was singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。She wanted to know if I had finished my homework. 她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。Did you know when he would be back? 你知道他将会什么时候回来？3）当主句谓语是一般过去时, 宾语从句的内容表示客观真理时, 宾语从句中的谓语动词不受主句谓语动词的影响, 应保留一般现在时态形式.The teacher said that the moon moves around the sun. 4.宾语从句的否定转移 当宾语从句表示否定意义时，如果主句为第一人称，谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,expect等词时，通常将否定转移到主句的谓语动词中。 I think she is right. I dont think she is right. I believe he will come. I dont believe he will come.1.Can you tell me _? A. how can I get there B. where is the post office C. how to get to the bookstore2. Do you know_? A. who is he B. where does he live C. what he is talking about3. I dont know _ I can pass the exam. A. if B. which C. What4. I dont know if he _ tomorrow. If he_ , Ill let you know. A. comes, comes B. will come, will come C. will come, comes D. comes, will come5.-Could you please tell me _ the Bamboo Garden?-The day after tomorrow, I think.A. when will you visitB. when you will visit C. when do you visitD. where you will visit6. Canyoutellme_? A.howmuchdoesitcost B.howmuchitis C.howmuchitcosts D.BothBandC7.Do you know _this time yesterday? A. what they are doing B. what are they doing C. what they were doing D. what were they doing8.Do you know _?A. how old is he B. how old he is C. how big he is D. how big is he9.Could you tell me _I can get there? A.when B.where C.if D.how10.I knew _he lived. A.when B.how C.where D.why11.Do you know_they are waiting for ? A.when B.how C.where D.who12. They wondered if the teacher _ us English the next term. A. would teach B. had taught C. will teach D. taught13. The boy asked _ any noise from outside.A. whether had I heard B. whether I had hear