广东省肇庆市江口中学2020年中考英语专题复习 宾语从句导学案（无答案）

宾语从句 课时：31、 学习目标：1.专项复习宾语从句用法 2.通过复习形宾语从句的构成及用法,达到灵活运用各种知识的能力 3.通过自主合作,培养学生合作意识,团结协作精神. 重点：宾语从句用法难点：宾语从句的时态二、复习过程：定义：宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语)He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语)（一）、三座桥宾语从句根据引导词的不同可分为三种类型：1. 以that 引导的宾语从句，主要用来引导陈述句形式的宾语从句， that可以省略。如We knew（that）we should learn from each other.2. 以 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序如Please tell me if/whether you have been to America.3. 以连接代词which, what, who等或连接副词how, where, why 等引导的宾语从句，从句是陈述语序如：Can you tell me how I can get to the nearest post office? （2） 、注意点1. 引导词如果从句是陈述句，引导词用that（that在口语或非正式文体中常省略）；如果从句是一般疑问句，引导词用if/whether；如果从句是特殊疑问句，引导词用由疑问词转换而来的疑问代词/副词。2. 语序陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。如：He is an honest boy. The teacher said. The teacher said（that）he was an honest boy.一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。如：Does he work hard? I wonder. I wonder if/whether he works hard.When did he leave? I dont know. I dont know when he left.3. 时态如果主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。如：I have heard（that）he will come back next week.如果主句是过去的某种时态，那么从句的时态一定要用过去的某种时态。如：He said（that）there were no classes yesterday.注意：如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时。如：He said that light travels much faster than sound4.人称的变化和标点的使用1. 从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。如：“May I use your knife?” He asked me. He asked me if he might use my knife.“Do you know her telephone number?” He asked me.He asked me if I know her telephone number.2. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如：Who will give us a talk? I dont know. I dont know who will give us a talk.Do you know? Where does he live? Do you know where he lives? （3） 、两副面孔if和when既能引导时间状语从句，又能引导宾语从句。因此，遇到它们就要认真分析一下，它们究竟属于“两副面孔”的哪一副。如：If it rains tomorrow, I wont come.（时间状语从句）I dont know if it will rain tomorrow. （宾语从句） （四）、从句的简化1. 当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。如：She found that the wallet was lying on the ground.She found the wallet lying on the ground.2. 当主句谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：She agreed that she could help me with my maths. She agreed to help me with my maths.3. 在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词不定式”结构。如：Can you tell me how I can get to the station? Can you tell me how to get to the station?注意：注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用， 但有些情况例外。1. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用ifeg, We are talking about whether well go on the pinic.2. 引导词与动词不定式或 not 连用时， 只用whether.eg, Please let me know what to do next. Could you tell me whether u go or not?3. if当如果讲时， 引导的是条件状语从句， 这时不能用whether.eg, You cant work the plan out if you dont have the meeting .三、课堂测评I.填入适当的引导词:1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked. I asked _ they stopped on the way.2. Do they like to make friends with me? He asked. He asked _ they liked to make friends with him.3. “I am doing my homework.” He said. He said _ he was doing his homework.4. “How can I get to the station?” Could you tell me? Could you tell me _ I can get to the station?II.用所给词的适当形式填空（注意时态的使用）：1. Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening.2. I hear they _ (return) it already.3. He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be)4. He asked what they _ at eight last night. (do)5. The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound. (travel)6. Ling told me he _ to Beijing several times.(be)III.合并为一句（注意句子的语序以及人称的变化）：1. “May I use your knife？”He asked me. _2. “Do you know her telephone number？”He asked me. _3. “Is Jim doing his homework?” She asked. _4. “When will he come back?” Tom asked. _IV.链接中考：( ) 1. -Do you know _ for Shanghai last night?-At 9:00.A. what time he leaves B. what time does he leave C. what time he left D. what time did he leave( ) 2. While flying , a bat makes a sound which hits things and comes back to its ears. In this way its able to know _ the things are and avoid bumping into them. A. how B. where C. what D. which( ) 3. -Excuse me, please tell me _.-There is a supermarket over there. You can get some there.A. how I can find a supermarket. B. where the supermarket is C. where I can buy some fruit( ) 4. -Do you know _ last night?-Sorry, I dont know. But I think he should go to bed early because he will have an English exam this afternoon.A. when he goes to bed B. when he went to bed C. when did he go to bed( ) 5. -Sorry , I dont know what the teacher said just now.-He asked Maria _.A. how long she usually spends on her homework B. what she was doing these daysC. why didnt Mike come to the meeting yesterdayD. when the speech will begin( ) 6. I didnt know _ they could pass the exam or not.A. why B. when C. that D. whether( ) 7. He asked me _ we could go to Beijing to watch the game by