高中英语语法主谓一致PPT幻灯片

1,主谓一致的概念：主语和其谓语动词在人称和数上保持一致。主谓一致分为三种情况：,语法一致,内容一致,就近一致,主谓“三”一致,2,(1)如果主语后面跟有with、togetherwith,alongwith,but,except,like,inadditionto,including,besides,aswellas,asmuchas,ratherthan,morethan等短语再加一个名词时，谓语动词仍与主语（第一个词）保持一致。如：,Alibrarytogetherwith5000bookswasgiventoourschoolasagift.Mr.JohnsonaswellashiswifeandchildrenisvisitingtheGreatWallnow.AllbutTomhavegonetothecinema.,语法一致,3,(2)用and连接的并列主语，如果主语是同一个人、同一事物或同意概念时，谓语动词用单数，否则用复数。如：,Ateacherandwriterisgoingtogiveusaspeech.Breadandbutterisusuallymybreakfast.Theprofessorandscientisthasalreadycome.Ateacherandawriterareintheoffice.,语法一致,4,(3)不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：,TolearnEnglishwelltakeseffort.Servingthepeopleismygreathappiness.Whenwellgoforanoutinghasnotbeendecidedyet.HowhecanspeaksogoodEnglishinterestsusall.,语法一致,5,(4)用and连接的并列主语被each，every，no或manya修饰时，谓语动词用单数。如：,Eachboyandeachgirlhasbeengivenagift.Noteacherandnostudentisintheclassroom.Everypenandeverybook_(lay)onthedeskalready.Manyaboyandmanyagirlisinterestedinherlesson.,hasbeenlaid,语法一致,6,(5)eachof+复数代词，谓语动用单数。复数代词+each，谓语动词用复数。如：,Eachofushassomethingtosay.Eachofthemhasbeengivenapieceofbread.Weeachhaveadictionary.Theyeachhavedonetheirwork.,语法一致,7,语法一致,(6)none作主语，修饰可数名词复数时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数，但修饰不可数名词时，谓语动词只能用单数。如：,Noneofusare(is)perfect.Noneofthesebooksare(is)mine.Noneofhismoneyhasbeenfoundagain.Noneofthisworriesme.,8,语法一致,(7)名词如trousers,scissors,glasses,goods,clothes等作主语时，谓语动词必须用复数，但当它们前面有apairof或onepairof修饰时，谓语动词只能用单数。如：,Mytrousersareblack.Hisglassesareexpensive.Apairoftrousersliesonmybed.Apairofglasseswasgiventomeasagift.,9,语法一致,(8)形复意单名词如：news;以-ics结尾的学科名词如：physics,mathematics,economics;国名如：theUnitedStates;报纸名如：theNewYorkTimes;书名如：ArabianNights天方夜谭；以及theUnitedNations等作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。如：,ArabianNightsisfullofinterestingstories.TheNewYorkTimesisapopularreadingmaterialforstudents.Physicsismyfavouritesubjects.,10,语法一致,(9)“a/an+名词+andahalf”,“oneandahalf+名词”“thenumberof+名词”等作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。如：,Anappleandahalfisonthetable.Oneandahalfdayshaspassed.Thenumberofthestudentsinourclassis63.,11,语法一致,(10)百分数（或分数）+of+可数名词单数（或不可数名词）谓语动词用单数；百分数（或分数）+of+可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数。如：,Twentypercentoflandhasbeenturnedintoaplayground.Twothirdsoftheappleisrotten.Sixtypercentoftheworkersinthefactoryarewomen.,12,语法一致,Manya/an+n.+V(单数）+O.表示复数的意思，译作“很多”。如：,ManyastudentisinterestedinEnglish.很多学生对英语感兴趣。Manyateacherhasresigned.很多老师已经辞职了。Manyanapplehasgonebad.很多苹果已经坏了。Manyamistakehasbeenmadebyhim.他犯了很多错误。,13,语法一致,（12）A(large)quantityof+N.+V+O.动词的数由名词决定；A(large)ammountof+N.(不可数名词）+V(单三）+O.谓语动词用单数，但是，Largequantitiesof+N.(pl.oruc）+V(复数）+O.Largeammountsof+N.(不可数名词）+V(复数）+O.谓语动词用复数。,Alargequantityofsugarhasbeenputintheboiledwater.Largequantitiesofmoneyhavebeenwastedontheproject.AlaregeammountoftimehasbeenspentonEnglish.Largeammountsoftimehavebeensavedbythenewinvention.,14,语法一致,“Thiskindof+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；“复数名词+ofthiskind”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：,ThiskindofappleswasimportedfromAmerica.ApplesofthiskindwereimportedfromAmerica.,15,语法一致,(14)“A/An+单数名词+ortwo”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；“Oneortwo+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：,Adayortwoisenoughforthiswork.Oneortwodaysareenoughforthiswork.Amanortwoistobesenttheretohelpthem.Oneortwomenaretobesenttheretohelpthem.,16,语法一致,（15）“Asetof+复数名词”及“Aseriesof+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：,Aseriesofdebateswasscheduledfortheweekend.Thesalesmantoldmethatagoodsetoftireswasguaranteedtorunatleastfiftythousandmiles.,17,语法一致,(15)在“oneof+复数名词+定语从句”结构中，定语从句中谓语动词的用复数；但如果one前面有theonly修饰时，定于从句的谓语动词只能用单数。如：,Maryisoneofthestudentsthathavebeeninvitedtosingattheconcert.Maryistheonlyoneofthestudentsthathasbeeninvitedtosingattheconcert.,18,不定代词all,most,some等作助于书，谓语动词的单复数取决于它们所指代的名词的数。如：,内容一致,19,内容一致,（2）”the+形容词（或分词）”指一类人，如：therich(富人),theliving(活着的人),thewounded(伤者）作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：,Thesickhavebeencuredandthelosthavebeenfound.Therichareeagertohelpthepoor.Thewoundedhavebeentakengoodcareof.Thelivinghavetocheerupandcontinuetolive.,20,内容一致,(3)用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看做一个整体时，如：breadandbutter(面包加黄油),knifeandfork(刀叉)等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：,21,内容一致,（4）不定数量的词组，如：apartof,alotof,lotsof,oneof,anumberof,plentyof等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于它们所修饰的名词。如：,Apartofthetextbookshavearrived.Apartoftheapplehasbeebeatenupbythepig.Alotofpeoplehavehearedthenews.Alofofmoneyhasbeenspentonthisproject.,22,内容一致,(5)表示时间、金钱、距离、度量等的名词作主语，尽管是复数形式，它们作为一个单一的概念时，其谓语动词用单数形式。如：,Onemilliondollarsisalotofmoney.Tenmilesisalongdistance.Twoyearsisenoughislearnaforeignlanguage.,23,就近一致,（1）由here,there,where以及状语从句提前构成的倒装句中，(有时主语不止一个时)谓语与靠近它的主语保持一致。如：,Herecomesthebus.Thereisapen,twobooksandthreepencilsonthedesk.Ontopofthemountainstandsatower.Whereisyourmother?Whereareyourfriends?,24,就近一致,（2）由连词or,eitheror,neithernor,notonlybutalso,notbut等连接的并列主